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  1. The risk and course of serum transaminase elevations (TEs) and clinical hepatic serious adverse event (SAE) development in ritonavir-boosted tipranavir (TPV/r) 500/200 mg BID recipients, who also received addi...

    Authors: Jaromir Mikl, Mark S Sulkowski, Yves Benhamou, Douglas Dieterich, Stanislas Pol, Jürgen Rockstroh, Patrick A Robinson, Mithun Ranga and Jerry O Stern

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:203

    Content type: Research article

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  2. The human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1) epidemic in Chongqing, China, is increasing rapidly with the dominant subtype of CRF07_BC over the past 3 years. Since human leukocyte antigen (HLA) polymorphisms...

    Authors: Xia Huang, Hua Ling, Wei Mao, Xianbin Ding, Quanhua Zhou, Mei Han, Fang Wang, Lei Cheng and Hongyan Xiong

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:201

    Content type: Research article

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  3. Chikungunya fever is an emerging arboviral disease characterized by an algo-eruptive syndrome, inflammatory polyarthralgias, or tenosynovitis that can last for months to years. Up to now, the pathophysiology o...

    Authors: Denis Malvy, Khaled Ezzedine, Maria Mamani-Matsuda, Brigitte Autran, Hugues Tolou, Marie-Catherine Receveur, Thierry Pistone, Jérome Rambert, Daniel Moynet and Djavad Mossalayi

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:200

    Content type: Case report

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  4. Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a protozoan diseases caused in Europe by Leishmania (L.) infantum. Asymptomatic Leishmania infection is more frequent than clinically apparent disease. Among HIV infected patients t...

    Authors: Claudia Colomba, Laura Saporito, Fabrizio Vitale, Stefano Reale, Giustina Vitale, Alessandra Casuccio, Manlio Tolomeo, Daniela Maranto, Raffaella Rubino, Paola Di Carlo and Lucina Titone

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:199

    Content type: Research article

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  5. Combination antiretroviral (AR) therapy continues to be the mainstay for HIV treatment. However, antiretroviral drug nonadherence can lead to the development of resistance and treatment failure. We have design...

    Authors: Christopher J Destache, Todd Belgum, Keith Christensen, Annemarie Shibata, Akhilesh Sharma and Alekha Dash

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:198

    Content type: Research article

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  6. The overall incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in Western Europe has been declining since the 19th Century. However, immigrant sub-groups from high-prevalence countries are slowing down this trend. The aim of this st...

    Authors: Judit Barniol, Stefan Niemann, Valérie R Louis, Bonita Brodhun, Caroline Dreweck, Elvira Richter, Heiko Becher, Walter Haas and Thomas Junghanss

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:197

    Content type: Research article

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  7. Streptococcus pneumoniae is a common cause of community acquired pneumonia and bacteremia. Excess wintertime mortality related to pneumonia has been noted for over a century, but the seasonality of invasive pneu...

    Authors: Alexander NJ White, Victoria Ng, C Victor Spain, Caroline C Johnson, Laura M Kinlin and David N Fisman

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:196

    Content type: Research article

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  8. Treatment of cryptosporidiosis in HIV infected children has proved difficult and unsatisfactory with no drugs having demonstrable efficacy in controlled trials except nitazoxanide. We hypothesised that a prolo...

    Authors: Beatrice Amadi, Mwiya Mwiya, Sandie Sianongo, Lara Payne, Angela Watuka, Max Katubulushi and Paul Kelly

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:195

    Content type: Research article

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  9. Infections caused by Nocardia farcinica are uncommon and show a great variety of clinical manifestations in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. Because of its unspecific symptoms and tendency to disse...

    Authors: Michael Tachezy, Philipp Simon, Corina Ilchmann, Yogesh K Vashist, Jakob R Izbicki and Karim A Gawad

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:194

    Content type: Case report

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  10. Ertapenem, a new carbapenem with a favorable pharmacokinetic profile, has been approved for the treatment of complicated intra-abdominal Infections (cIAIs), acute pelvic infections (APIs) and complicated skin ...

    Authors: Mao Mao An, Zui Zou, Hui Shen, Jun Dong Zhang, Meng Li Chen, Ping Liu, Rui Wang and Yuan Ying Jiang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:193

    Content type: Research article

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  11. HIV-1 penetrates the central nervous system, which is vital for HIV-associated dementia (HAD). But the role of cellular infiltration and activation together with HIV in the development of HAD is poorly underst...

    Authors: Li Zhou, Rejane Rua, Thomas Ng, Valentina Vongrad, Yung S Ho, Carolyn Geczy, Kenneth Hsu, Bruce J Brew and Nitin K Saksena

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:192

    Content type: Research article

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  12. Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a well-known pathogen for lower genital tract neoplasias, yet little is known regarding HPV prevalence in Turkey. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of HPV DN...

    Authors: Polat Dursun, Süheyla S Senger, Hande Arslan, Esra Kuşçu and Ali Ayhan

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:191

    Content type: Research article

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  13. Syndromic surveillance is increasingly being evaluated for its potential for early warning of increased disease activity in the population. However, interpretation is hampered by the difficulty of attributing ...

    Authors: Suzanne K Schindeler, David J Muscatello, Mark J Ferson, Kris D Rogers, Paul Grant and Tim Churches

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:190

    Content type: Research article

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  14. Renal tract involvement is implicated in both early and late schistosomiasis leading to increased disease burden. Despite there being good estimates of disease burden due to renal tract disease secondary to sc...

    Authors: Beatrice Lyons, Russel Stothard, David Rollinson, Simba Khamis, Khamis A Simai and Paul R Hunter

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:189

    Content type: Research article

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  15. Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy describes a family of diseases affecting both man and animals. Current tests for the diagnosis of these diseases are based on the detection of an abnormal misfolded form...

    Authors: Janice B Barr, Michael Watson, Mark W Head, James W Ironside, Nathan Harris, Caroline Hogarth, Janet R Fraser and Rona Barron

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:188

    Content type: Research article

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  16. Mathematical modelling of infectious disease is increasingly used to help guide public health policy. As directly transmitted infections, such as influenza and tuberculosis, require contact between individuals...

    Authors: Niel Hens, Girma Minalu Ayele, Nele Goeyvaerts, Marc Aerts, Joel Mossong, John W Edmunds and Philippe Beutels

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:187

    Content type: Research article

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  17. Antigen specificity and IgG subclass could be significant in the natural history of Chagas' disease. The relationship between the different stages of human Chagas' disease and the profiles of total IgG and its...

    Authors: Ivonne D Flechas, Adriana Cuellar, Zulma M Cucunubá, Fernando Rosas, Víctor Velasco, Mario Steindel, María del Carmen Thomas, Manuel Carlos López, John Mario González and Concepción Judith Puerta

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:186

    Content type: Research article

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  18. Liver cancer is one of most commonly diagnosed cancers among Koreans. Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major risk factor for liver cancer. HBV infection can be prevented by effective screening an...

    Authors: Hee-Soon Juon, Kui Son Choi, Eun-Cheol Park, Min-Son Kwak and Sunmin Lee

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:185

    Content type: Research article

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  19. Shigellosis causes diarrheal disease in humans from both developed and developing countries, and multi-drug resistance is an emerging problem. The objective of this study is to present a unified approach that ...

    Authors: Sawsan Al-Nimri, Woutrina A Miller, Barbara A Byrne, Gerry Guibert and Lily Chen

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:184

    Content type: Research article

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  20. There is limited information in the literature on the presentation and prognosis of candidal urinary tract infection (UTI) in infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

    Authors: Joan L Robinson, H Dele Davies, Michelle Barton, Karel O'Brien, Kim Simpson, Elizabeth Asztalos, Anne Synnes, Earl Rubin, Nicole Le Saux, Charles Hui, Joanne M Langley, Reg Sauve, Louis de Repentigny, Lajos Kovacs, Ben Tan and Susan E Richardson

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:183

    Content type: Research article

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  21. Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) release assays (IGRAs) were designed to detect latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). However, discrepancies were found between the tuberculin skin test (TST) and IGRAs results that can...

    Authors: Ornella Butera, Teresa Chiacchio, Stefania Carrara, Rita Casetti, Valentina Vanini, Serena Meraviglia, Giuliana Guggino, Francesco Dieli, Marco Vecchi, Francesco N Lauria, Almerico Marruchella, Patrizia Laurenti, Mahavir Singh, Nadia Caccamo, Enrico Girardi and Delia Goletti

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:182

    Content type: Research article

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  23. To design an effective strategy for the control of malaria requires a map of infection and disease risks to select appropriate suites of interventions. Advances in model based geo-statistics and malaria parasi...

    Authors: Abdisalan M Noor, Peter W Gething, Victor A Alegana, Anand P Patil, Simon I Hay, Eric Muchiri, Elizabeth Juma and Robert W Snow

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:180

    Content type: Research article

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  24. Cryptosporidium parvum, the protozoan parasite, causes a significant enteric disease in immunocompromised hosts such as HIV patients. The present study was aimed to compare serum IgG, IgM and IgA responses to cr...

    Authors: Kirti Kaushik, Sumeeta Khurana, Ajay Wanchu and Nancy Malla

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:179

    Content type: Research article

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  25. Moraxella catarrhalis causes approximately 10% of exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and also colonizes the lower airway in stable patients. Little is known about the effects of coloni...

    Authors: Ganapathi I Parameswaran, Catherine T Wrona, Timothy F Murphy and Sanjay Sethi

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:178

    Content type: Research article

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  26. We have previously reported the use of PCR Melting Profile (PCR MP) technique based on using low denaturation temperatures during ligation mediated PCR (LM PCR) for bacterial strain differentiation. The aim of...

    Authors: Beata Krawczyk, Justyna Leibner-Ciszak, Anna Mielech, Magdalena Nowak and Józef Kur

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:177

    Content type: Research article

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  27. Surgeons may improve their decision making by assessing the extent to which their initial clinical diagnosis of a surgical site infection (SSI) was supported by culture results. Aim of the present study was to...

    Authors: Marco Krukerink, Job Kievit and Perla J Marang-van de Mheen

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:176

    Content type: Research article

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  28. In February 2005, the US Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommended the new meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MCV4) for routine use among 11- to 12-year-olds (at the preadolescent health-care visi...

    Authors: Suchita A Lorick, Daniel Fishbein, Eric Weintraub, Pascale M Wortley, Grace M Lee, Fangjun Zhou and Robert Davis

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:175

    Content type: Research article

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  29. Chemokines have been reported to play an important role in granulomatous inflammation during Schistosoma mansoni infection. However there is less information on their role in Schistosoma haematobium infection, or...

    Authors: RBL Zinyama-Gutsire, E Gomo, P Kallestrup, C Erikstrup, H Ullum, AE Butterworth, S Munyati and T Mduluza

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:174

    Content type: Research article

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  33. In Germany, the first outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza A/H5N1 occurred among wild birds on the island of Ruegen between February and April 2006. The aim of this study was to investigate the use of...

    Authors: Wei Cai, Brunhilde Schweiger, Udo Buchholz, Silke Buda, Martina Littmann, Jörg Heusler and Walter Haas

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:170

    Content type: Research article

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  34. Successful antiretroviral treatment programs in rural sub-Saharan Africa may face different challenges than programs in urban areas. The objective of this study was to identify patient characteristics, barrier...

    Authors: Janneke H van Dijk, Catherine G Sutcliffe, Bornface Munsanje, Francis Hamangaba, Philip E Thuma and William J Moss

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:169

    Content type: Technical advance

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  35. There is little information about influenza disease among the Cambodian population. To better understand the dynamics of influenza in Cambodia, the Cambodian National Influenza Center (NIC) was established in ...

    Authors: Sek Mardy, Sovann Ly, Seng Heng, Sirenda Vong, Chea Huch, Chea Nora, Nima Asgari, Megge Miller, Isabelle Bergeri, Sybille Rehmet, Duong Veasna, Weigong Zhou, Takeshi Kasai, Sok Touch and Philippe Buchy

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:168

    Content type: Research article

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  36. The vaginal microflora is important for maintaining vaginal health and preventing infections of the reproductive tract. The rectum has been suggested as the major source for the colonisation of the vaginal eco...

    Authors: Nabil Abdullah El Aila, Inge Tency, Geert Claeys, Hans Verstraelen, Bart Saerens, Guido Lopes dos Santos Santiago, Ellen De Backer, Piet Cools, Marleen Temmerman, Rita Verhelst and Mario Vaneechoutte

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:167

    Content type: Research article

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  37. The outbreak of the pandemic flu, Influenza A H1N1 (Swine Flu) in early 2009, provided a major challenge to health services around the world. Previous pandemics have led to stockpiling of goods, the victimisat...

    Authors: Robin Goodwin, Shamsul Haque, Felix Neto and Lynn B Myers

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:166

    Content type: Research article

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  38. Local reactions are the most commonly reported adverse events following tetanus and diphtheria toxoid (Td) vaccine and the risk of local reactions may increase with number of prior Td vaccinations.

    Authors: Lisa A Jackson, Onchee Yu, Edward A Belongia, Simon J Hambidge, Jennifer Nelson, Roger Baxter, Allison Naleway, Charlene Gay, James Nordin, James Baggs and John Iskander

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:165

    Content type: Research article

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  39. Computer keyboards and mice are potential reservoirs of nosocomial pathogens, but routine disinfection for non-water-proof computer devices is a problem. With better hand hygiene compliance of health-care work...

    Authors: Po-Liang Lu, LK Siu, Tun-Chieh Chen, Ling Ma, Wen-Gin Chiang, Yen-Hsu Chen, Sheng-Fung Lin and Tyen-Po Chen

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:164

    Content type: Research article

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  40. Pyrethroid insecticides are widely used for insect pest control in Cameroon. In certain insect species, particularly the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae, resistance to this class of insecticides is a source of g...

    Authors: Philippe Nwane, Josiane Etang, Mouhamadou Chouaibou, Jean Claude Toto, Clément Kerah-Hinzoumbé, Rémy Mimpfoundi, Herman Parfait Awono-Ambene and Frédéric Simard

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:163

    Content type: Research article

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  41. World Health Organization (WHO) targets for acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance, including the notification of a minimum rate of AFP among children, are used to assess the adequacy of AFP surveillance f...

    Authors: Rochelle E Watkins, P Anthony J Martin, Heath Kelly, Ben Madin and Charles Watson

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:162

    Content type: Research article

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  42. Infective endocarditis is significantly more common in haemodialysis patients as compared with the general population, the causative pathogen is generally Staphylococcus aureus; there have been no previously repo...

    Authors: Yusuke Tsugawa, Miyuki Futatsuyama, Keiichi Furukawa, Fumika Taki, Yuji Nishizaki, Keiichi Tamagaki, Yuki Kaneshiro and Yasuhiro Komatsu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:161

    Content type: Case report

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  43. Some island nations have explicit components of their influenza pandemic plans for providing travel warnings and restricting incoming travellers. But the potential value of such restrictions has not been quant...

    Authors: Martin Eichner, Markus Schwehm, Nick Wilson and Michael G Baker

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:160

    Content type: Research article

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  44. Ebola and Marburg viruses cause highly lethal hemorrhagic fevers in humans. Recently, bats of multiple species have been identified as possible natural hosts of Zaire ebolavirus (ZEBOV) in Gabon and Republic of C...

    Authors: Xavier Pourrut, Marc Souris, Jonathan S Towner, Pierre E Rollin, Stuart T Nichol, Jean-Paul Gonzalez and Eric Leroy

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:159

    Content type: Research article

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  45. The ocular manifestations of HIV may lead to visual impairment or blindness. In India, patients typically initiate antiretroviral treatment (ART) with low CD4 cell counts when the risk of ocular complications ...

    Authors: Sophia Pathai, Alaka Deshpande, Clare Gilbert and Stephen D Lawn

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:158

    Content type: Research article

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  46. Serum procalcitonin (PCT) is considered useful in predicting the likeliness of developing bacterial infections in emergency setting. In this study, we describe PCT levels overtime and their relationship with b...

    Authors: Cédric Daubin, Jean-Jacques Parienti, Sabine Fradin, Astrid Vabret, Michel Ramakers, Nicolas Terzi, François Freymuth, Pierre Charbonneau and Damien du Cheyron

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:157

    Content type: Research article

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  47. Interferon has been widely used in the treatment of genital warts for its immunomodulatory, antiproliferative and antiviral properties. Currently, no evidence that interferon improves the complete response rat...

    Authors: Jin Yang, Yu-guo Pu, Zhong-ming Zeng, Zhi-jian Yu, Na Huang and Qi-wen Deng

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:156

    Content type: Research article

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  48. HIV infection has been modifying both the epidemiology and outcome of parasitic infections. Hence, this study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection among people with and ...

    Authors: Shimelis Assefa, Berhanu Erko, Girmay Medhin, Zelalem Assefa and Techalew Shimelis

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:155

    Content type: Research article

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  49. Tipranavir (TPV) is a recently approved nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) of HIV-1 and has been indicated for those infected with PIs-resistant HIV-1. However, in clinical practice, whether the HIV-1 from th...

    Authors: Szu-Min Hsieh, Sui-Yuan Chang, Chien-Ching Hung, Wang-Huei Sheng, Mao-Yuan Chen and Shan-Chwen Chang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:154

    Content type: Research article

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  50. Group B streptococci (GBS), or Streptococcus agalactiae, are the leading bacterial cause of meningitis and bacterial sepsis in newborns. Here we compared different culture media for GBS detection and we compared ...

    Authors: Nabil Abdullah El Aila, Inge Tency, Geert Claeys, Bart Saerens, Ellen De Backer, Marleen Temmerman, Rita Verhelst and Mario Vaneechoutte

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2009 9:153

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

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