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Viral diseases

Section edited by Jodie McVernon and Julian Tang

This section aims to publish studies looking at all aspects of of the prevention, diagnosis and management of viral diseases in humans, as well as related molecular genetics, pathophysiology, and epidemiology. HIV, HIV-associated infections and sexually transmitted diseases are considered in separate sections.

Page 1 of 14

  1. Content type: Research article

    Human norovirus is the leading cause of viral gastroenteritis globally, and the GII.4 has been the most predominant genotype for decades. This genotype has numerous variants that have caused repeated epidemics...

    Authors: Nicholas Petronella, Jennifer Ronholm, Menka Suresh, Jennifer Harlow, Oksana Mykytczuk, Nathalie Corneau, Sabah Bidawid and Neda Nasheri

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:521

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  2. Content type: Research article

    Prenatal exposure to influenza or fever is associated with risk of congenital malformations. Oseltamivir is used to treat influenza and to provide post-exposure prophylaxis. We examined the association between...

    Authors: Vera Ehrenstein, Nickolaj Risbo Kristensen, Brigitta Ursula Monz, Barry Clinch, Andy Kenwright and Henrik Toft Sørensen

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:519

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  3. Content type: Research article

    Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are the most common illness in children, and rapid diagnosis is required for the optimal management of RTIs, especially severe infections.

    Authors: Jin Li, Yue Tao, Mingyu Tang, Bailu Du, Yijun Xia, Xi Mo and Qing Cao

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:510

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  4. Content type: Research article

    Herpes zoster (HZ) is a painful dermatomal rash caused by reactivation of latent varicella zoster virus surviving in the patient’s sensory ganglia after a previous episode of varicella. The incidence of HZ inc...

    Authors: Desmond Curran, Ruprecht Schmidt-Ott, Ulf Schutter, Jörg Simon, Anastassia Anastassopoulou and Sean Matthews

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:496

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  5. Content type: Research article

    Rotavirus is a leading cause of severe diarrheal disease, and one of the common causes of death in children aged under five years old. The dominant epidemic strains may change in different years in the same ar...

    Authors: Yi Tian, Abrar Ahmad Chughtai, Zhiyong Gao, Hanqiu Yan, Yanwei Chen, Baiwei Liu, Da Huo, Lei Jia, Quanyi Wang and Chandini Raina MacIntyre

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:497

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  6. Content type: Research article

    Ebolavirus and Marburgvirus are genera of the virus family Filoviridae. Filoviruses cause rare but fatal viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs) in remote villages of equatorial Africa with potential for regional and int...

    Authors: Peace Babirye, Carol Musubika, Samuel Kirimunda, Robert Downing, Julian J Lutwama, Edward K Mbidde, Jacqueline Weyer, Janusz T Paweska, Moses L Joloba and Misaki Wayengera

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:498

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  7. Content type: Research article

    The live attenuated tetravalent dengue vaccine (CYD-TDV) is licensed using a 0-, 6- and 12-month schedule in dengue-endemic areas. An effective shorter schedule may provide more rapid, optimal protection of ta...

    Authors: Judith Kirstein, William Douglas, Manoj Thakur, Mark Boaz, Thomas Papa, Anna Skipetrova and Eric Plennevaux

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:475

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  8. Content type: Research article

    Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) are common causes of febrile illnesses in many settings in Senegal. These infections are usually managed presumptively due to lack of appropriate diagnostic tools. This situa...

    Authors: Roger C. Tine, Léon A. Ndiaye, Mbayame N. Niang, Davy E. Kiori, Ndongo Dia, Oumar Gaye and Hélène Broutin

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:459

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  9. Content type: Research article

    This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA in the Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of children with recurrent wheezing and to identify associations with certain patient clin...

    Authors: Huiming Sun, Shuxiang Li, Yongdong Yan, Zhengrong Chen, Yuqing Wang, Chuangli Hao and Wei Ji

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:458

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  10. Content type: Research article

    The impact of different classes of microbial pathogens on mortality in severe community-acquired pneumonia is not well elucidated. Previous studies have shown significant variation in the incidence of viral, b...

    Authors: Jessica Quah, Boran Jiang, Poh Choo Tan, Chuin Siau and Thean Yen Tan

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:451

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  11. Content type: Research article

    Influenza is an acute viral disease of the respiratory tract which is characterized by fever, headache, myalgia, prostration, coryza, sore throat and cough. Globally, an estimated 3 to 5 million cases of sever...

    Authors: Abyot Bekele Woyessa, Mesfin Mengesha, Desalegn Belay, Adamu Tayachew, Workenesh Ayele, Berhane Beyene, Woubayehu Kassa, Etsehiwot Zemelak, Gelila Demissie, Berhanu Amare, Lucy Boulanger, Carolina Granados, Thelma Williams, Israel Tareke, Soatiana Rajatonirina and Daddi Jima

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:449

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  12. Content type: Research article

    Diarrhea is a major source of morbidity and mortality among young children in low-income and middle-income countries. Human adenoviruses (HAdV), particular HAdV species F (40, 41) has been recognized as import...

    Authors: Fang-zhou Qiu, Xin-xin Shen, Gui-xia Li, Li Zhao, Chen Chen, Su-xia Duan, Jing-yun Guo, Meng-chuan Zhao, Teng-fei Yan, Ju-Ju Qi, Le Wang, Zhi-shan Feng and Xue-jun Ma

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:450

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  13. Content type: Research article

    International and national travelling has made the rapid spread of infectious diseases possible. Little information is available on the role of major traffic hubs, such as airports, in the transmission of resp...

    Authors: Niina Ikonen, Carita Savolainen-Kopra, Joanne E. Enstone, Ilpo Kulmala, Pertti Pasanen, Anniina Salmela, Satu Salo, Jonathan S. Nguyen-Van-Tam and Petri Ruutu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:437

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  14. Content type: Case report

    Incidence of Dengue infection is on the increase in Sri Lanka with it being associated with significant maternal and neonatal morbidity in pregnancy.

    Authors: B. V. K. M. Bopeththa, Sardha Hemapriya, K. K. Gayan Niranga and Danushka S. K. Kotigala

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:427

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  15. Content type: Case report

    Dengue infection is an endemic illness in the tropics and it is associated with a wide variety of post infectious complications. With the increasing prevalence of dengue infection in endemic regions, post-infe...

    Authors: Rakitha Higgoda, Dilshan Perera and Kanapathipillai Thirumavalavan

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:415

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  16. Content type: Research article

    On 12 October, 2016 a measles outbreak was reported in Mayuge District, eastern Uganda. We investigated the outbreak to determine its scope, identify risk factors for transmission, evaluate vaccination coverag...

    Authors: Robert Kaos Majwala, Lydia Nakiire, Daniel Kadobera, Alex Riolexus Ario, Joy Kusiima, Joselyn Annet Atuhairwe, Joseph K. B. Matovu and Bao-Ping Zhu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:412

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  17. Content type: Research article

    Influenza causes an estimated 3000 to 50,000 deaths per year in the United States of America (US). Timely and representative data can help local, state, and national public health officials monitor and respond...

    Authors: Kristin Baltrusaitis, John S. Brownstein, Samuel V. Scarpino, Eric Bakota, Adam W. Crawley, Giuseppe Conidi, Julia Gunn, Josh Gray, Anna Zink and Mauricio Santillana

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:403

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  18. Content type: Technical advance

    During the fifth wave of human H7N9 infections, a novel highly pathogenic (HP) H7N9 variant emerged with an insertion of multiple basic amino acids in the HA cleavage site. Moreover, a neuraminidase inhibitor ...

    Authors: Yang Yang, Shanqin Li, Gary Wong, Sufang Ma, Zhixiang Xu, Xiaonan Zhao, Hong Li, Wen Xu, Haixia Zheng, Jingyan Lin, Qi Zhao, Wenjun Liu, Yingxia Liu, George F. Gao and Yuhai Bi

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:406

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  19. Content type: Research article

    Measles is a highly infectious and serious respiratory viral disease which caused by a virus. It is a significant cause of illness and death worldwide. This data analysis was conducted to describe the trend an...

    Authors: Munira Nasser Hassen, Abyot Bekele Woyessa, Mekonen Getahun, Berhane Beyene, Lucy Buluanger, Ayesheshem Ademe, Alemayehu Bekele, Adamu Addissie, Amha Kebede and Daddi Jima

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:400

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  21. Content type: Research article

    Caring for young children is a known risk factor for cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection mainly through exposure to their saliva and urine. In a previous study, 36 CMV-seropositive children 2 mo. to 4 years old we...

    Authors: Minal M. Amin, Jennifer D. Stowell, William Hendley, Philip Garcia, D. Scott Schmid, Michael J. Cannon and Sheila C. Dollard

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:391

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  22. Content type: Research article

    Guangxi is the province most seriously affected by rabies virus (RABV) in China. Those most affected by RABV each year are people in rural areas, where dogs are the main cause of human infection with the virus.

    Authors: Xian-Kai Wei, Yi Xiong, Xiao-Ning Li, Min Zheng, Yan Pan, Xiao-Xia He, Jing-Jing Liang, Cheng Liu, Yi-Zhi Zhong, Lian-Bin Zou, Lie-Feng Zheng, Jian-Gang Guo, Chang-Ting Li, Sheng-Bin Huang, Jia-Zhong Gan, Zhen-Mu Meng…

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:386

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  23. Content type: Case report

    Zika virus (ZIKV) is a recently emerged arbovirus, which infection during pregnancy is associated with a series of congenital malformations, collectively denominated Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS). Following i...

    Authors: Carlos A. A. Brito, Adélia Henriques-Souza, Cynthia R. P. Soares, Priscila M. S. Castanha, Laís C. Machado, Mylena R. Pereira, Mariana C. M. Sobral, Antonio R. Lucena-Araujo, Gabriel L. Wallau and Rafael F. O. Franca

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:388

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  24. Content type: Research article

    World Health Organization (WHO), the World Bank, UN System Influenza Coordination (UNSIC) and other international organizations released a series of documents to fight against the influenza pandemic. Those doc...

    Authors: Feng Liang, Peng Guan, Wei Wu, Jing Liu, Ning Zhang, Bao-Sen Zhou and De-Sheng Huang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:383

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  25. Content type: Research article

    In 2013 and 2014, Singapore experienced its worst dengue outbreak known-to-date. Mosquito breeding in construction sites stood out as a probable risk factor due to its association with major dengue clusters in...

    Authors: Shaohong Liang, Hapuarachchige Chanditha Hapuarachchi, Jayanthi Rajarethinam, Carmen Koo, Choon-Siang Tang, Chee-Seng Chong, Lee-Ching Ng and Grace Yap

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:382

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  26. Content type: Research article

    Dengue virus infection results in a broad spectrum of clinical outcomes, ranging from asymptomatic infection through to severe dengue. Although prior infection with another viral serotype, i.e. secondary dengu...

    Authors: Thi Hanh Tien Nguyen, Hannah E. Clapham, Khanh Lam Phung, Thanh Kieu Nguyen, The Trung DInh, Than Ha Quyen Nguyen, Van Ngoc Tran, Stephen Whitehead, Cameron Simmons, Marcel Wolbers and Bridget Wills

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:375

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  27. Content type: Case report

    Human parechovirus type 3 (HPeV-3) is known to cause cold-like symptoms, diarrhea, or severe infections such as sepsis in infants and children. In adults, HPeV-3 infection is rarely diagnosed because the sympt...

    Authors: Kiwamu Nakamura, Kyoichi Saito, Yasuka Hara, Tetsuji Aoyagi, Kadzuhiro Kitakawa, Yoshinobu Abe, Hiromu Takemura, Fumihito Ikeda, Mitsuo Kaku and Keiji Kanemitsu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:381

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  28. Content type: Research article

    The resurgence of mumps around the world occurs frequently in recent years. As the country with the largest number of cases in the world, the status of mumps epidemics in China is not yet clear. This study, ta...

    Authors: Guoqi Yu, Rencong Yang, Yi Wei, Dongmei Yu, Wenwen Zhai, Jiansheng Cai, Bingshuang Long, Shiyi Chen, Jiexia Tang, Ge Zhong and Jian Qin

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:360

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  29. Content type: Research article

    In clinical studies involving a healthy volunteer human challenge model, a valid and reliable measure to assess the evolution of patient-reported symptom type and severity following viral exposure is necessary...

    Authors: Alison Han, Jiat-Ling Poon, John H. Powers III, Nancy K. Leidy, Ren Yu and Matthew J. Memoli

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:353

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  30. Content type: Research article

    Dengue viruses (DENV) have emerged and reemerged in Brazil in the past 30 years causing explosive epidemics. The disease may range from clinically asymptomatic infections to severe and fatal outcomes. We aimed...

    Authors: Priscila Conrado Guerra Nunes, Ana Maria Bispo de Filippis, Monique Queiroz da Rocha Lima, Nieli Rodrigues da Costa Faria, Fernanda de Bruycker-Nogueira, Jaqueline Bastos Santos, Manoela Heringer, Thaís Chouin-Carneiro, Dinair Couto-Lima, Bianca de Santis Gonçalves, Simone Alves Sampaio, Eliane Saraiva Machado de Araújo, Juan Camilo Sánchez-Arcila, Flávia Barreto dos Santos and Rita Maria Ribeiro Nogueira

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:346

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  31. Content type: Research article

    Asking people how they would seek healthcare in a hypothetical situation can be an efficient way to estimate healthcare utilization, but it is unclear how intended healthcare use corresponds to actual healthca...

    Authors: Karen K. Wong, Adam L. Cohen, Neil A. Martinson, Shane A. Norris, Stefano Tempia, Claire von Mollendorf, Sibongile Walaza, Shabir A. Madhi, Meredith L. McMorrow and Cheryl Cohen

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:344

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  32. Content type: Research article

    Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is a rare, benign disease of the aerodigestive tract, especially the larynx, caused by infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6 or 11. Current management...

    Authors: Paul Stefan Mauz, Fabian Axel Schäfer, Thomas Iftner and Phillipp Gonser

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:343

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  33. Content type: Research article

    In late 2016, an uncommon recombinant NoV genotype called GII.P16-GII.2 caused a sharp increase in outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis in different countries of Asia and Europe, including China. However, we did...

    Authors: Jiankang Han, Xiaofang Wu, Liping Chen, Yun Fu, Deshun Xu, Peng Zhang and Lei Ji

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:342

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  34. Content type: Research article

    Cervical cancer is the most common cancer among women in Nepal. The prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 and or HPV 18 among women with cervical pre-cancer and cancer is higher than the incidence of HPV...

    Authors: Niresh Thapa, Muna Maharjan, Girishma Shrestha, Narayani Maharjan, Marcia A. Petrini, Na Zuo, Can He, Jing Yang, Mengfei Xu, Caiyun Ge, Ziye Song and Hongbing Cai

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:338

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  35. Content type: Research article

    Human anelloviruses (TTV, TTMDV and TTMV) are at high prevalence all across the globe, having also a controversial disease-inducing potential. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of anelloviral DNA in ...

    Authors: Sonia Spandole-Dinu, Dănuț Gheorghe Cimponeriu, Anne-Marie Crăciun, Irina Radu, Silvia Nica, Mihai Toma, Oana Andrada Alexiu, Corneliu Sorin Iorga, Lavinia-Mariana Berca and Remus Nica

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:334

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  36. Content type: Research article

    Patients with suspected Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection should be hospitalized in isolation wards to avoid transmission. This suspicion can also lead to medical confusion and ...

    Authors: A. Bleibtreu, S. Jaureguiberry, N. Houhou, D. Boutolleau, H. Guillot, D. Vallois, J. C. Lucet, J. Robert, B. Mourvillier, J. Delemazure, M. Jaspard, F. X. Lescure, C. Rioux, E. Caumes and Y. Yazdanapanah

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:331

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  37. Content type: Case report

    Chikungunya virus infection in neonates is relatively rare and can lead to death.

    Authors: Rhaquel de Morais Alves Barbosa Oliveira, Francisca Kalline de Almeida Barreto, Ana Maria Peixoto Cabral Maia, Ileana Pitombeira Gomes, Adriana Rocha Simião, Rebeca Bandeira Barbosa, Adilina Soares Romeiro Rodrigues, Kilma Wanderley Lopes, Fernanda Montenegro de Carvalho Araújo, Regina Lúcia Sousa do Vale, John Washington Cavalcante and Luciano Pamplona de Góes Cavalcanti

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:333

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  38. Content type: Research article

    Human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1) is an important cause of acute respiratory illness (ARI), yet the epidemiology and effect of meteorological conditions on infection is not fully understood. To investigate the distrib...

    Authors: Wen-Kuan Liu, Qian Liu, De-Hui Chen, Wei-Ping Tan, Yong Cai, Shu-Yan Qiu, Duo Xu, Chi Li, Xiao Li, Zheng-Shi Lin and Rong Zhou

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:329

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  39. Content type: Research article

    In 2010, influenza, influenza-like illness (ILI) and acute respiratory infection (ARI) surveillance was established by the government of Burkina Faso. We provide preliminary descriptive results from this surve...

    Authors: Tani Sagna, Abdoul Kader Ilboudo, Carine Wandaogo, Assana Cissé, Moussa Sana, Dieudonné Tialla, Armel Moumouni Sanou, David J. Muscatello and Zékiba Tarnagda

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:330

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  40. Content type: Research article

    GII noroviruses are a common cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) outbreaks in institutional settings globally. However, AGE outbreaks caused by GI norovirus, especially the GI.5 genotype, are relatively uncom...

    Authors: Jian Li, Xia Gao, Yu-Long Ye, Tang Wan, Hao Zang, Ping-Hua Mo and Can-Lei Song

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:316

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  41. Content type: Research article

    Avian influenza H5N1 has a high human case fatality rate, but is not yet well-adapted to human hosts. Amino acid substitutions currently circulating in avian populations may enhance viral fitness in, and thus ...

    Authors: Sean G. Young, Andrew Kitchen, Ghazi Kayali and Margaret Carrel

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:314

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  42. Content type: Research article

    To describe extra-haematological manifestations associated with human parvovirus B19 (HPV-B19) infection.

    Authors: Marion Dollat, Benjamin Chaigne, Grégoire Cormier, Nathalie Costedoat-Chalumeau, François Lifermann, Alban Deroux, Emilie Berthoux, Emmanuelle Dernis, Thomas Sené, Gilles Blaison, Olivier Lambotte, Benjamin Terrier, Jérémie Sellam, Luc De Saint-Martin, Laurent Chiche, Nicolas Dupin…

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:302

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  43. Content type: Research article

    Most infections are spread through social networks (detrimental effect). However, social networks may also lower infection acquisition (beneficial effect). This study aimed to examine associations between soci...

    Authors: Stephanie Brinkhues, Miranda T. Schram, Christian J. P. A. Hoebe, Mirjam E. E. Kretzschmar, Annemarie Koster, Pieter C. Dagnelie, Simone J. S. Sep, Sander M. J. van Kuijk, Paul H. M. Savelkoul and Nicole H. T. M. Dukers-Muijrers

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:300

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  44. Content type: Research article

    The first autochthonous Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak in Singapore was detected in August 2016. We report an analysis of the correlation of clinical illness with viremia and laboratory parameters in this Asian co...

    Authors: Deborah H. L. Ng, Hanley J. Ho, Angela Chow, Joshua Wong, Win Mar Kyaw, Adriana Tan, Po Ying Chia, Chiaw Yee Choy, Glorijoy Tan, Tsin Wen Yeo and Yee Sin Leo

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:301

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  45. Content type: Research article

    Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) remains a disease of public health importance in Nigeria. Though, previous studies have identified factors associated with childhood ARI symptoms, the progress made in reduc...

    Authors: Joshua Odunayo Akinyemi and Oyewale Mayowa Morakinyo

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:296

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  46. Content type: Research article

    Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is common in immunocompetent patients in intensive care units (ICUs). However, whether CMV infection or CMV reactivation contributes to mortality of immunocompetent patients rem...

    Authors: Xi Li, Yongbo Huang, Zhiheng Xu, Rong Zhang, Xiaoqing Liu, Yimin Li and Pu Mao

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:289

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  47. Content type: Research article

    Dengue and West Nile viruses are highly cross-reactive and have numerous parallels in geography, potential vector host (Aedes family of mosquitoes), and initial symptoms of infection. While the vast majority (> 8...

    Authors: Megan E. Cahill, Samantha Conley, Andrew T. DeWan and Ruth R. Montgomery

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:282

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  48. Content type: Research article

    In the past two decades, Rift Valley Fever (RVF) outbreaks have been reported twice in Tanzania, with the most recent outbreak occurring in 2006/07. Given the ecology and climatic factors that support mosquito...

    Authors: Abade Ahmed, Jabir Makame, Fyumagwa Robert, Keyyu Julius and Matee Mecky

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:276

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  49. Content type: Case report

    Due to the increasing number of DCD transplantations since 2015, the transmission of rabies through solid organ transplantation has become a notable problem in China and has attracted the attention of the public.

    Authors: Jian Zhang, Jun Lin, Ye Tian, Linlin Ma, Wen Sun, Lei Zhang, Yichen Zhu, Wei Qiu and Lujia Zhang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:273

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  50. Content type: Research article

    Zika virus (ZIKV) had spread rapidly in the past few years in southern hemisphere where dengue virus (DENV) had caused epidemic problems for over half a century. The high degree of cross-reactivity of Envelope...

    Authors: Xiujie Gao, Yingfen Wen, Jian Wang, Wenxin Hong, Chunlin Li, Lingzhai Zhao, Chibiao Yin, Xia Jin, Fuchun Zhang and Lei Yu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:275

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