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Tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases

This section aims to publish studies looking at all aspects of the prevention, diagnosis and management of tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases in humans, including HIV-associated tuberculosis, as well as related molecular genetics, pathophysiology, and epidemiology.

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  1. Leprosy is is still considered a public health issue and in Colombia 7–10% of new cases are found in children, indicating both active transmission and social inequality. We hypothesized that circulating antibo...

    Authors: Héctor Serrano-Coll, Hugo Rene Mora, Juan Camilo Beltrán, Malcolm S. Duthie and Nora Cardona-Castro

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:520

    Content type: Research article

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  2. The island of Anjouan (Comoros) is highly endemic for leprosy with an annual incidence of 5–10/10,000. In May/June, 2015 single-dose Rifampicin post-exposure prophylaxis (SDR-PEP) was administered to 269 close...

    Authors: Nimer Ortuno-Gutierrez, Abdallah Baco, Sofie Braet, Assoumani Younoussa, Aboubacar Mzembaba, Zahara Salim, Mohamed Amidy, Saverio Grillone, Bouke C. de Jong, Jan Hendrik Richardus and Epco Hasker

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:501

    Content type: Research article

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  4. A delayed initiation of tuberculosis treatment results in high morbidity, mortality, and increased person-to-person transmissions. The aim of this study was to assess treatment delay and its associated factors...

    Authors: Kenaw Tegegne Tefera, Nebiyu Mesfin, Mebratu Mitiku Reta, Malede Mequanent Sisay, Koku Sisay Tamirat and Temesgen Yihunie Akalu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:489

    Content type: Research article

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  5. Delayed tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis and treatment increase morbidity, mortality, expenditure, and transmission in the community. This study assessed patient and provider related delays to diagnosis and treatme...

    Authors: Abyot Asres, Degu Jerene and Wakgari Deressa

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:481

    Content type: Research article

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  6. Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death from an infectious disease in Ethiopia, killing more than 30 thousand people every year. This study aimed to determine whether the rates of poor TB treatment out...

    Authors: Kefyalew Addis Alene, Kerri Viney, Darren J. Gray, Emma S. McBryde, Maereg Wagnew and Archie C. A. Clements

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:474

    Content type: Research article

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  7. Microbiological criteria for diagnosing nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) include positive culture results from at least two separately expectorated sputum specimens or one bronchial wash...

    Authors: Hyung-Jun Kim, Jong Hyuk Lee, Soon Ho Yoon, Sung A. Kim, Myoung Sil Kim, Sun Mi Choi, Jinwoo Lee, Chang-Hoon Lee, Sung Koo Han and Jae-Joon Yim

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:468

    Content type: Research article

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  8. The World Health Organization (WHO) has reported that Yemen has a high burden of drug resistance and a worrying shortage of implemented diagnostic methods and drug treatment regimens. Therefore, in this study,...

    Authors: Ammar Ali Saleh Jaber and Baharudin Ibrahim

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:464

    Content type: Research article

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  9. The multidrug therapy (MDT) for leprosy treatment adopted by Brazil in the 1990s was important for reducing leprosy in the country; however, recurrent cases remained problematic. Mechanisms involved in leprosy...

    Authors: Franciely Gomes Gonçalves, Andréa de Faria Fernandes Belone, Patrícia Sammarco Rosa and Gabriel Zorello Laporta

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:460

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Leprosy typically manifests with skin and peripheral nerve involvement. Musculoskeletal complaints are the third most common, and can be the sole presenting manifestation. They range from arthralgia/arthritis ...

    Authors: Miguel Gomes Guerra, Taciana Marta Ferreira Cardoso Videira, Hugo Alexandre Gomes Morais, Telma Cristiana Resse Nunes Santos, Ricardo Jorge Ferreira Taipa, Miguel Araújo Abreu, Romana Carisa Carvalho Vieira, Diogo Miranda Gonçalves Guimarães da Fonseca, Joana Patrícia Abelha Aleixo dos Santos and Sandra Patrícia Abreu Monteiro Pinto

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:455

    Content type: Case report

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  11. Mycolicibacterium phlei (M. phlei) is known to be a non-pathogenic nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) which rarely causes diseases in humans. A disseminated NTM infection is mostly caused by the Mycobacterium avi...

    Authors: Satomi Tanaka, Yoshihiko Hoshino, Takuro Sakagami, Hanako Fukano, Yohei Matsui and Osamu Hiranuma

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:454

    Content type: Case report

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  12. Information on non-tuberculosis mycobacterial (NTM) diseases remains limited in Singapore and other Southeast Asian countries. This study aimed to delineate epidemiological and clinical features of pulmonary N...

    Authors: Zoe Xiaozhu Zhang, Benjamin Pei Zhi Cherng, Li-Hwei Sng and Yen Ee Tan

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:436

    Content type: Research article

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  14. Diagnosing extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is challenging and many patients are initiated on empirical anti-TB treatment without a laboratory confirmed diagnosis. Monitoring treatment response is thus impor...

    Authors: Melissa Davidsen Jørstad, Anne Ma Dyrhol-Riise, Jörg Aßmus, Msafiri Marijani, Lisbet Sviland and Tehmina Mustafa

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:426

    Content type: Research article

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  15. The study was conducted in a remote sputum sample collection sites and GeneXpert® MTB/RIF testing centers to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Malawi. The main purpose of the study was to evaluate whether sput...

    Authors: Wondwossen A. Alemayehu, S. Neri, S. Dalebout, R. Nalikungwi, A. Trusov, E. Ahmed, A. Dimba, A. Weirich, P. S. Curry and C. D. Kelly-Cirino

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:424

    Content type: Research article

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  16. Diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in children is challenging. Epidemiological data of childhood pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) are urgently needed.

    Authors: Ning-ning Tao, Yi-fan Li, Yun-xia Liu, Jin-yue Liu, Wan-mei Song, Yao Liu, Hong Geng, Shan-shan Wang and Huai-chen Li

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:408

    Content type: Research article

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  18. Tuberculosis (TB) is the ninth leading cause of death worldwide and the leading cause from a single infectious agent. Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is the only licensed vaccine for TB, yet its efficacy remain...

    Authors: Eileen Sweeney, Darren Dahly, Nahed Seddiq, Gerard Corcoran, Mary Horgan and Corinna Sadlier

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:397

    Content type: Research article

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  19. In August 2017, the Uganda Ministry of Health was notified of increased cases of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in Arua District, Uganda during 2017. We investigated to identify the scope of the inc...

    Authors: Denis Okethwangu, Doreen Birungi, Claire Biribawa, Benon Kwesiga, Stavia Turyahabwe, Alex R. Ario and Bao-Ping Zhu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:387

    Content type: Research article

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  20. The incidence of tuberculosis (TB) remains high worldwide. Current strategies will not eradicate TB by 2035; instead, by 2182 is more likely. Therefore, it is urgent that new risk factors be identified.

    Authors: Yingjie Zhang, Mengyang Liu, Samuel S. Wu, Hui Jiang, Junjie Zhang, Songwang Wang, Wei Ma, Qihuan Li, Yuan Ma, Yue Liu, Wei Feng, Endawoke Amsalu, Xia Li, Wei Wang, Weimin Li and Xiuhua Guo

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:379

    Content type: Research article

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  21. Dosages of anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs are recommended to be adjusted according to renal function for patients complicated with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the efficacy and safety outcomes of such ...

    Authors: Nayuta Saito, Yutaka Yoshii, Yugo Kaneko, Akio Nakashima, Tsugumi Horikiri, Zenya Saito, Sho Watanabe, Akira Kinoshita, Keisuke Saito and Kazuyoshi Kuwano

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:374

    Content type: Research article

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  22. There is an ongoing outbreak of Mycobacterium chimaera infections among patients exposed to contaminated heater-cooler devices used during cardiac surgery. Recognition of M. chimaera infection is hampered by its ...

    Authors: Jim Nomura, Gunter Rieg, Gary Bluestone, Townson Tsai, Andrew Lai, Dawn Terashita, Sivan Bercovici, David K. Hong and Brian P. Lee

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:371

    Content type: Research article

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  23. Independent of HIV infection, extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) risk is increased in women, persons of black race or foreign birth, and by genetic variants in vitamin D receptor (VDR), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and t...

    Authors: Christina T. Fiske, Amondrea Blackman, Fernanda Maruri, Peter F. Rebeiro, Moises Huaman, Jamie Kator, Holly M. Scott Algood and Timothy R. Sterling

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:366

    Content type: Research article

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  24. Tuberculosis (TB) is an important public health issue worldwide. However, evidence concerning the impact of environmental factors on TB is sparse. We performed a retrospective analysis to determine the spatiot...

    Authors: Xuemei Wang, Shaohua Yin, Yunpeng Li, Wenrui Wang, Maolin Du, Weidong Guo, Mingming Xue, Jing Wu, Danyan Liang, Ruiqi Wang, Dan Liu and Di Chu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:365

    Content type: Research article

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  25. Ischemic stroke is a common complication in patients with tuberculous meningitis (TBM), which is associated with poor clinical outcome. However, risk factors of stroke in TBM patients were not fully understood...

    Authors: Liming Zhang, Xiaoyu Zhang, Huaqiang Li, Gang Chen and Meijia Zhu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:362

    Content type: Research article

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  26. Pooling sputum specimens is one potential strategy for reducing the cost of using Xpert MTB/RIF, a rapid polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based test, for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. We sought to co...

    Authors: Nguyen Thi Bich Phuong, Nguyen Thu Anh, Nguyen Van Son, Vitali Sintchenko, Jennifer Ho, Greg J. Fox, Nguyen Viet Nhung and Guy B. Marks

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:347

    Content type: Technical advance

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  27. Mozambican healthcare workers have high rates of latent and active tuberculosis, but occupational screening for tuberculosis is not routine in this setting. Furthermore, the specificity of tuberculin skin test...

    Authors: Susannah K. Graves, Orvalho Augusto, Sofia Omar Viegas, Philip Lederer, Catarina David, Kristen Lee, Anila Hassane, Anilsa Cossa, Salma Amade, Susete Peleve, Pereira Zindoga, Leguesse Massawo, Francesca J. Torriani and Elizabete A. Nunes

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:346

    Content type: Research article

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  28. Drug resistant tuberculosis (TB) has become a persistent health threat in Ethiopia. In this respect, baseline data are scarce in many parts of high TB burden regions including the different zones of Ethiopia.

    Authors: Amir Alelign, Aboma Zewude, Temesgen Mohammed, Samuel Tolosa, Gobena Ameni and Beyene Petros

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:343

    Content type: Research article

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  29. Historically Mycobacterium houstonense belongs to the unnamed third biovariant complex of the Mycobacterium fortuitum group, which are sorbitol positive. To date, there have been few reports of human infection in...

    Authors: Lei Tian, Zhen Zhang, Zhongju Chen and Ziyong Sun

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:333

    Content type: Case report

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  30. Prosthetic joint infections remain a significant cause of morbidity and are frustrating for patients and physicians alike. Unusual causes of infection may be seen in selected circumstances and a high index of ...

    Authors: Minh-Vu Hoang Nguyen, Mauro M. Giordani and George R. Thompson III

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:331

    Content type: Case report

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  31. To investigate the diagnostic value of the interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) for detecting tuberculosis (TB) infection in patients with Behçet’s disease (BD).

    Authors: Xiuhua Wu, Pang Chen, Wei Wei, Mengyu Zhou, Chaoran Li, Jinjing Liu, Lidan Zhao, Lifan Zhang, Yan Zhao, Xiaofeng Zeng, Xiaoqing Liu and Wenjie Zheng

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:323

    Content type: Research article

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  33. Drug resistant tuberculosis is a major public health problem in Morocco and worldwide. Treatment outcome of drug resistant tuberculosis is poor and requires a long period of treatment with many toxic and expen...

    Authors: Mariam El Hamdouni, Jamal Eddine Bourkadi, Jouda Benamor, Mohammed Hassar, Yahia Cherrah and Samir Ahid

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:316

    Content type: Research article

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  34. Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem and it is among the top 10 causes of death worldwide. One of the challenges against attaining an effective TB control program is delay in seeking health care ...

    Authors: Haileselasie Berhane Alema, Sisay Asgedom Hailemariam, Kebede Haile Misgina, Meresa Gebremedhin Weldu, Yosef Sibhatu Gebregergis, Genet Kidane Mekonen and Kahsay Amare Gebremedhin

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:309

    Content type: Research article

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  35. Rapid detection of rifampicin resistance is essential for early management and prevention of transmission of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). We studied the prevalence of rifampicin resistance of Mycoba...

    Authors: Balew Arega, Fiqrte Menbere and Yitagesu Getachew

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:307

    Content type: Research article

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  36. Screening programmes for tuberculosis (TB) among immigrants rarely consider the heterogeneity of risk related to migrants’ country of origin. We assess the performance of a large screening programme in asylum ...

    Authors: Kayvan Bozorgmehr, Stella Preussler, Ulrich Wagner, Brigitte Joggerst, Joachim Szecsenyi, Oliver Razum and Christian Stock

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:304

    Content type: Research article

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  37. Second line anti-tuberculosis drugs are substantially complex, long term, more costly, and more toxic than first line anti-tuberculosis drugs. In Ethiopia, evidence on the incidence and predictors of adverse d...

    Authors: Mehari Woldemariam Merid, Lemma Derseh Gezie, Getahun Molla Kassa, Atalay Goshu Muluneh, Temesgen Yihunie Akalu and Melaku Kindie Yenit

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:286

    Content type: Research article

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  38. Tuberculosis (TB), an ancient scourge of humanity known for several thousands of years, is still a significant public health challenge in many countries today even though some progress has been made in recent ...

    Authors: Collins Otieno Ogari, Anthony Kebira Nyamache, James Nonoh and Evans Amukoye

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:279

    Content type: Research article

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  39. The need for a rapid, molecular test to diagnose tuberculosis (TB) has prompted exploration of TB-LAMP (Eiken; Tokyo, Japan) for use in resource-limited settings. We conducted a systematic review to assess the...

    Authors: Priya B. Shete, Katherine Farr, Luke Strnad, Christen M. Gray and Adithya Cattamanchi

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:268

    Content type: Research article

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  40. Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease (MAC-LD) can deteriorate rapidly to become fatal. Reported poor prognostic factors include radiographic findings, undernutrition, anemia and high inflammation test values....

    Authors: Yuuki Bamba, Hiroshi Moro, Nobumasa Aoki, Takeshi Koizumi, Yasuyoshi Ohshima, Satoshi Watanabe, Takuro Sakagami, Toshiyuki Koya, Toshinori Takada and Toshiaki Kikuchi

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:263

    Content type: Research article

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  41. Buruli ulcer (BU) is a chronic, necrotizing infectious skin disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans. In recent years, there has been a decrease in the number of new cases detected. This study aimed to show the e...

    Authors: Esaï Gimatal Anagonou, Roch Christian Johnson, Yves Thierry Barogui, Ghislain Emmanuel Sopoh, Gilbert Adjimon Ayelo, Akpeedje Carolle Wadagni, Jean Gabin Houezo, Didier Codjo Agossadou and Michel Boko

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:247

    Content type: Research article

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  42. In current epidemiology of tuberculosis (TB), heterogeneity in infectiousness among TB patients is a challenge, which is not well studied. We aimed to quantify this heterogeneity and the presence of “super-spr...

    Authors: Yayehirad A. Melsew, Manoj Gambhir, Allen C. Cheng, Emma S. McBryde, Justin T. Denholm, Ee Laine Tay and James M. Trauer

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:244

    Content type: Research article

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  44. Nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) disease is commonly an opportunistic infection frequently found in immunocompromised individuals, but sometimes can also be found in the immunocompetent hosts, especially in ...

    Authors: Xianli Xu, Xiaojie Lao, Chunlan Zhang, Cunwei Cao, Huarong Ding, Yu Pang, Qiuyue Ning, Jun Zou, Ning Zang, Diefei Hu and Maowei Chen

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:203

    Content type: Case report

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  45. In spite of an alarmingly high tuberculosis (TB) burden amongst the Saharia tribe of central India, there is hardly any study to investigate the impact of DOTS implementation on the magnitude of tuberculosis d...

    Authors: V. G. Rao, J. Bhat, R. Yadav, R. K. Sharma and M. Muniyandi

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:180

    Content type: Research article

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  46. TB outbreaks in educational institutions can result in significant transmission and pose a considerable threat to TB control. Investigation using traditional microbiological and epidemiological tools can lead ...

    Authors: Simon Packer, Claire Green, Ellen Brooks-Pollock, Katerina Chaintarli, Sarah Harrison and Charles R. Beck

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:154

    Content type: Research article

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  47. Vitamin D levels are associated with the extent of mycobactericidal activity. Interleukin (IL)-15 and IL-32 play roles in the vitamin D-mediated tuberculosis (TB) defense mechanism. Vitamin D induces IL-1β, wh...

    Authors: Yoonki Hong, Youngmi Kim, Jae Jun Lee, Myung Goo Lee, Chang Youl Lee, Youlim Kim, Jeongwon Heo, Seon-Sook Han, Seung-Joon Lee, Woo Jin Kim and Ji Young Hong

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:151

    Content type: Research article

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  48. Empirical treatment of tuberculosis (TB) may be necessary in patients with negative or no Xpert MTB/RIF results. In a context with access to Xpert, we assessed mortality in the 6 months after the initial TB co...

    Authors: Helena Huerga, Gabriella Ferlazzo, Stephen Wanjala, Mathieu Bastard, Paolo Bevilacqua, Elisa Ardizzoni, Joseph Sitienei and Maryline Bonnet

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:132

    Content type: Research article

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  49. The tuberculin skin test (TST) and interferon-gamma-release-assays (IGRAs) are utilized in screening programmes for presumed latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in health care workers (HCWs). However, inter-t...

    Authors: Shahieda Adams, Rodney Ehrlich, Roslynn Baatjies, Nandini Dendukuri, Zhuoyu Wang and Keertan Dheda

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:131

    Content type: Research article

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  50. Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death from an infectious disease and the roll-out of rapid molecular diagnostics for rifampin resistance has resulted in a steady rise in the number of patients with m...

    Authors: Saumu Pazia Juma, Athanasia Maro, Suporn Pholwat, Stellah G. Mpagama, Jean Gratz, Alphonse Liyoyo, Eric R. Houpt, Gibson S. Kibiki, Blandina T. Mmbaga and Scott K. Heysell

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:129

    Content type: Research article

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