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Tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases

This section aims to publish studies looking at all aspects of the prevention, diagnosis and management of tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases in humans, including HIV-associated tuberculosis, as well as related molecular genetics, pathophysiology, and epidemiology.

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  1. Pakistan ranks amongst the top 20 highest burden tuberculosis (TB) countries in the world. Approximately 369,548 cases of TB (all forms) were notified in 2018, with an estimated incidence of 265 per 100,000 pe...

    Authors: Mohsin F. Butt, Sidra Younis, Zhenqiang Wu, Syed H. Hadi, Abdullah Latif and Adrian R. Martineau

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:210

    Content type: Research article

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  2. Drug susceptibility testing (DST) patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) from patients with rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) or multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB; or resistant to rifampicin and isonia...

    Authors: Anne-Marie Demers, Soyeon Kim, Sara McCallum, Kathleen Eisenach, Michael Hughes, Linda Naini, Alberto Mendoza-Ticona, Neeta Pradhan, Kim Narunsky, Selvamuthu Poongulali, Sharlaa Badal-Faesen, Caryn Upton, Elizabeth Smith, N. Sarita Shah, Gavin Churchyard, Amita Gupta…

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:205

    Content type: Research article

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  3. Non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections are increasing worldwide, making them an international public health problem. Surgical management is often indicated for localized infectious disease; however, mo...

    Authors: Yutaka Shishido, Hiroshi Hamakawa, Kazuhiro Minami, Shigeo Hara and Yutaka Takahashi

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:196

    Content type: Case report

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  4. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) are unsatisfied to treat, pressing more effective and innovative treatment regimens. New efficient regimens for MDR-TB have obtained high treatment success rates. Howe...

    Authors: Taoping Weng, Feng Sun, Yang Li, Jiazhen Chen, Xinchang Chen, Rong Li, Shijia Ge, Yanlin Zhao and Wenhong Zhang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:183

    Content type: Study protocol

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  5. Tuberculosis (TB) control relies on early diagnosis and treatment. International guidelines recommend systematic TB screening at health facilities, but implementation is challenging. We investigated completion...

    Authors: Helena R. A. Feasey, Elizabeth L. Corbett, Marriott Nliwasa, Luke Mair, Titus H. Divala, Wala Kamchedzera, Mc Ewen Khundi, Helen E. D. Burchett, Emily L. Webb, Hendramoorthy Maheswaran, S. Bertel Squire and Peter MacPherson

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:178

    Content type: Research article

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  6. Joint replacement is an effective intervention and prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is one of the most serious complications of such surgery. Diagnosis of PJI is often complex and requires multiple modalities ...

    Authors: Michael Riste, Pretin Davda, E. Grace Smith, David H. Wyllie, Martin Dedicoat, Simantini Jog, Steven Laird, Gerald Langman, Neil Jenkins, Jonathan Stevenson and Matthew K. O’Shea

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:151

    Content type: Case report

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  7. Severity of TB increases in refugee populations. Monitoring TB case notification and treatment outcomes are essential to improve the effectiveness of TB programs. This study aimed to investigate trends in TB c...

    Authors: Tsegay Legesse, Goitom Admenur, Selemawit Gebregzabher, Eyob Woldegebriel, Bexabeh Fantahun, Yemane Tsegay, Abeyot Bayssa, Berihu Darge, Yidnekachew Denbu, Hayelom Michalel, Kibebew Abera, Abraham Alemayeh, Dejene Kebede and Desta Kasa

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:139

    Content type: Research article

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  8. Correct knowledge about transmission of tuberculosis (TB) can influence better health-seeking behaviors, and in turn, it can aid TB prevention in society. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the prevalence ...

    Authors: Peter A. M. Ntenda, Razak Mussa, Steve Gowelo, Alick Sixpence, Andy Bauleni, Atusayi Simbeye, Alfred Matengeni, Ernest Matola, Godfrey Banda, Christopher C. Stanley, Susan Banda and Owen Nkoka

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:132

    Content type: Research article

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  9. Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) has been recommended by WHO as the initial diagnostic test for TB and rifampicin-resistance detection. Existing evidence regarding its uptake is limited to public health systems and corre...

    Authors: Sarang Deo, Pankaj Jindal and Sirisha Papineni

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:123

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Gene expression signatures have been used as biomarkers of tuberculosis (TB) risk and outcomes. Platforms are needed to simplify access to these signatures and determine their validity in the setting of comorb...

    Authors: W. Evan Johnson, Aubrey Odom, Chelsie Cintron, Mutharaj Muthaiah, Selby Knudsen, Noyal Joseph, Senbagavalli Babu, Subitha Lakshminarayanan, David F. Jenkins, Yue Zhao, Ethel Nankya, C. Robert Horsburgh, Gautam Roy, Jerrold Ellner, Sonali Sarkar, Padmini Salgame…

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:106

    Content type: Research article

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  11. Treatment monitoring of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) in resource-limited settings is challenging. We developed a multi-analyte assay for eleven anti-TB drugs in small hair samples as an objective metric...

    Authors: John Metcalfe, Peter Bacchetti, Ali Esmail, Andrew Reckers, David Aguilar, Anita Wen, Shu Huo, Winnie R. Muyindike, Judith A. Hahn, Keertan Dheda, Monica Gandhi and Roy Gerona

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:99

    Content type: Research article

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  12. Ending the global tuberculosis (TB) epidemic requires a focus on treating individuals with latent TB infection (LTBI) to prevent future cases. Promising trials of shorter regimens have shown them to be effecti...

    Authors: J. Surey, H. R. Stagg, T. A. Yates, M. Lipman, P. J. White, A. Charlett, L. Muñoz, L. Gosce, M. X. Rangaka, M. Francis, V. Hack, H. Kunst and I. Abubakar

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:90

    Content type: Research article

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  13. Chest X-ray (CXR) interpretation remains a central component of the current World Health Organization recommendations as an adjuvant test in diagnosis of smear-negative tuberculosis (TB). With its low specific...

    Authors: Lydia Nakiyingi, John Mark Bwanika, Willy Ssengooba, Frank Mubiru, Damalie Nakanjako, Moses L. Joloba, Harriet Mayanja-Kizza and Yukari C. Manabe

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:63

    Content type: Research article

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  14. The World Health Organization (WHO) has endorsed the next-generation Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Ultra) cartridge, and Uganda is currently transitioning from the older generation Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) cartridge to Ul...

    Authors: A. Andama, D. Jaganath, R. Crowder, L. Asege, M. Nakaye, D. Katumba, J. Mukwatamundu, S. Mwebe, C. F. Semitala, W. Worodria, M. Joloba, S. Mohanty, A. Somoskovi and A. Cattamanchi

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:49

    Content type: Research article

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  15. Screening for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among migrant population has become a critical issue for many low tuberculosis (TB) burden countries. Evidence regarding effectiveness of LTBI programs are li...

    Authors: Lisa Kawatsu, Kazuhiro Uchimura and Akihiro Ohkado

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:42

    Content type: Research article

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  16. Tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) is the most common extrapulmonary manifestation and may have lasting effect on lung function. However conventional diagnostic tests for TPE register multiple limitations. Thi...

    Authors: Xinting Yang, Jing Zhang, Qingtao Liang, Liping Pan, Hongfei Duan, Yang Yang, Hua Li, Chao Guo, Qi Sun, Hongyan Jia, Boping Du, Rongrong Wei, Aiying Xing, Zongde Zhang and Xiaoyou Chen

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:4

    Content type: Research article

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  17. Acquiring comprehensive insight into the dynamics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) population structure is an essential step to adopt effective tuberculosis (TB) control strategies and improve therapeutic meth...

    Authors: Shima Hadifar, Abolfazl Fateh, Vahid Pourbarkhordar, Seyed Davar Siadat, Shayan Mostafaei and Farzam Vaziri

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2021 21:2

    Content type: Research article

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  18. Mycobacterium abscessus is a rapidly growing mycobacteria involved in severe infections of the lung, skin, or soft tissue. Macrolides such as clarithromycin are the recommended first line drugs for treatment of M...

    Authors: Meenu Kaushal Sharma, Yanni La, Debra Janella and Hafid Soualhine

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:944

    Content type: Research article

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  19. There is scarce evidence that tuberculosis (TB) can cause diabetes in those not previously known to be diabetic. Whilst the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends screening for Diabetes Mellitus (DM) at th...

    Authors: Sonia Menon, Rodolfo Rossi, Alfred Dusabimana, Natasha Zdraveska, Samit Bhattacharyya and Joel Francis

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:937

    Content type: Research article

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  20. Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM) may impede immune responses in tuberculosis (TB) and thus contribute to enhanced disease severity. In this study, we aimed to evaluate DM-mediated alterations in clinical, radiolo...

    Authors: Akhirunnesa Mily, Protim Sarker, Inin Taznin, Delwar Hossain, Md. Ahsanul Haq, S. M. Mostofa Kamal, Birgitta Agerberth, Susanna Brighenti and Rubhana Raqib

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:933

    Content type: Research article

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  21. The presentation of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in young children is often clinically indistinguishable from other common respiratory illnesses, which are frequently infections of viral aetiology. As little i...

    Authors: M. M. van der Zalm, E. Walters, M. Claassen, M. Palmer, J. A. Seddon, A.M. Demers, M. L. Shaw, E. D. McCollum, G. U. van Zyl and A. C. Hesseling

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:924

    Content type: Research article

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  22. High rates of Adverse Events (AEs) during treatment is one of the leading causes of unsuccessful treatment outcomes among patients with drug resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB). However, information related to AEs ...

    Authors: Arjunkumar Jakasania, Kalpita Shringarpure, Dixit Kapadia, Radhika Sharma, Kedar Mehta, Arpit Prajapati and Soundappan Kathirvel

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:918

    Content type: Research article

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  23. Tuberculosis (TB) is a major human threat, as evidenced by the large numbers of cases and deaths, particularly in developing countries with poor economic and educational statuses. Myanmar has one of the highes...

    Authors: Theint Theint Lwin, Tawatchai Apidechkul, Jongkon Saising, Panupong Upala, Ratipark Tamornpark, Chalitar Chomchoei, Fartima Yeemard, Wipob Suttana and Rachanee Sunsern

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:904

    Content type: Research article

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  24. South Africa has one of the highest tuberculosis incidence rates. Biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs are associated with an increased risk of tuberculosis. The objective of this study was to descr...

    Authors: Tessa du Toit, Tonya M. Esterhuizen, Nicki Tiffin, Ahmed A. Abulfathi, Helmuth Reuter and Eric H. Decloedt

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:900

    Content type: Research article

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  25. Tuberculosis (TB) though primarily affects the lungs it may also affect the other parts of the body and referred as extra pulmonary (EPTB). This study is focused on understanding the genetic diversity and mole...

    Authors: Shanmugam Sivakumar, Yuvaraj Chandramohan, Gokul Raj Kathamuthu, Gomathi Sekar, Devika Kandhasamy, Venkatesan Padmanaban, Syed Hissar, Srikanth P. Tripathy, Ramalingam Bethunaickan, Baskaran Dhanaraj, Subash Babu and Uma Devi Ranganathan

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:894

    Content type: Research article

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  26. Non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) is becoming a significant health burden. Recent advances in analysis techniques have allowed the accurate identification of previously unknown NTM speci...

    Authors: Tomoki Kuge, Kiyoharu Fukushima, Yuki Matsumoto, Yuko Abe, Eri Akiba, Kako Haduki, Haruko Saito, Tadayoshi Nitta, Akira Kawano, Takahiro Kawasaki, Takanori Matsuki, Hiroyuki Kagawa, Daisuke Motooka, Kazuyuki Tsujino, Mari Miki, Keisuke Miki…

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:888

    Content type: Case report

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  27. Following infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb), individuals may rapidly develop tuberculosis (TB) disease or enter a “latent” infection state with a low risk of progression to disease. Mathematical mo...

    Authors: Tom Sumner and Richard G. White

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:880

    Content type: Research article

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  28. To report three cases of nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) endophthalmitis following multiple ocular surgeries and to review previous literature in order to study the clinical profile, treatment modalities, a...

    Authors: Warinyupa Pinitpuwadol, Nattaporn Tesavibul, Sutasinee Boonsopon, Darin Sakiyalak, Sucheera Sarunket and Pitipol Choopong

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:877

    Content type: Research article

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  29. Mycolicibacterium fortuitum is a species of the rapidly growing mycobacteria that can cause pulmonary infection. It is susceptible to multiple antibiotics both in vitro and in clinical practice, so that any combi...

    Authors: Kana Kurokawa, Norihiro Harada, Hitoshi Sasano, Haruhi Takagi, Satomi Takei, Ayako Nakamura, Keisuke Kamada, Atsushi Yoshida, Ken Kikuchi and Kazuhisa Takahashi

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:866

    Content type: Case report

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  30. Mycobacterium houstonense is rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) that belongs to M. fortuitum group. So far, there have been few associated reports of human diseases induced by M. houstonense worldwide.

    Authors: Xin Che, Qingjian Li, Luoziyi Wang, Jing Jiang, Xuzhong Shen, Yiwen Qian and Zhiliang Wang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:849

    Content type: Case report

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  31. Etiological diagnosis of tuberculous pleuritis is challenging, owing to a paucity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in the affected region. Moreover, currently available methods, such as the detection of acid-f...

    Authors: Chengjun Li, Chang Liu, Bingqi Sun, Wei Zhang, Yang Wang, Jiao Sun, Fang Ma and Yu Chen

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:840

    Content type: Research article

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  33. Severe and disseminated non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections are frequently linked to a genetic predisposition but acquired defects of the interferon gamma (IFNγ) / interleukin 12 (IL-12) pathway nee...

    Authors: Malte Roerden, Rainer Döffinger, Gabriela Barcenas-Morales, Stephan Forchhammer, Stefanie Döbele and Christoph P. Berg

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:828

    Content type: Case report

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  34. Delay in the diagnosis of Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major challenge against achieving effective TB prevention and control. Though a number of studies with inconsistent findings were conducted in Ethiopia; un...

    Authors: Muluneh Alene, Moges Agazhe Assemie, Leltework Yismaw, Getnet Gedif, Daniel Bekele Ketema, Wodaje Gietaneh and Tadele Demilew Chekol

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:797

    Content type: Research article

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  35. Delay in diagnosis and treatment worsens the disease and clinical outcomes, which further enhances the transmission of tuberculosis (TB) in the community. Therefore, this study aims to assess treatment delay a...

    Authors: Huai-Zheng Gong, Chao Han, Feng-Lian Yang, Chun-Fang Wang, Jun-Li Wang and Mao-Shui Wang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:793

    Content type: Research article

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  36. Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health concern in many low-income countries accounting for approximately two-thirds of deaths in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. With p...

    Authors: Henry Dilonga Meriki, Ndze Henry Wung, Kukwah Anthony Tufon, Nyeke James Tony, Irene Ane-Anyangwe and Fidelis Cho-Ngwa

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:791

    Content type: Research article

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  37. People successfully completing treatment for tuberculosis remain at elevated risk for recurrent disease, either from relapse or reinfection. Identifying risk factors for recurrent tuberculosis may help target ...

    Authors: Patrick George Tobias Cudahy, Douglas Wilson and Ted Cohen

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:789

    Content type: Research article

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  38. Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) represents a diagnostic and management challenge to clinicians. The “Thwaites’ system” and “Lancet consensus scoring system” are utilized to differentiate TBM from bacterial meningiti...

    Authors: Tarek Sulaiman, Sai Medi, Hakan Erdem, Seniha Senbayrak, Derya Ozturk-Engin, Asuman Inan, Rok Civljak, Mihai Nechifor, Ayhan Akbulut, Alexandru Crisan, Muge Ozguler, Mustafa Namiduru, Branislava Savic, Olga Dulovic, Filiz Pehlivanoglu, Gonul Sengoz…

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:788

    Content type: Research article

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  39. Evaluating the completeness of tuberculosis (TB) notification data is important for monitoring of TB surveillance systems. We conducted an inventory study to calculate TB underreporting in Germany in 2013–2017.

    Authors: Teresa Domaszewska, Basel Karo, Ute Preuss, Christian Kollan, Annicka Reuss, Hans-Peter Blank, Bonita Brodhun, Barbara Hauer, Doris Altmann, Lena Fiebig, Walter Haas and Nita Perumal

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:766

    Content type: Research article

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  40. A more stringent QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT) conversion (from negative to positive) definition has been proposed to allow more definite detection of recent tuberculosis (TB) infection. We explored altern...

    Authors: Rosa Sloot, Kwame Shanaube, Mareli Claassens, Lily Telisinghe, Ab Schaap, Peter Godfrey-Faussett, Helen Ayles and Sian Floyd

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:760

    Content type: Research article

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  41. Molecular epidemiological studies of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) are the core of current research to find out the association of the M. tuberculosis genotypes with its outbreak and transmission. The high pre...

    Authors: Anamika Gupta, Pallavi Sinha, Vijay Nema, Pramod K. Gupta, Pampi Chakraborty, Savita Kulkarni, Nalin Rastogi and Shampa Anupurba

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:752

    Content type: Research article

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  42. Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC). Mapping the genetic diversity of MTBC in high TB burden country like Ethiopia is important to understand principles of the disease transmi...

    Authors: Biniam Wondale, Kwon Keehwan, Girmay Medhin, Takele Teklu, Temesgen Mohammed, Samuel Tolosa, Aboma Zewude, Friehiwot Amsalu, Rembert Pieper and Gobena Ameni

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:750

    Content type: Research article

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  43. Effective active case finding (ACF) activities are essential for early identification of new cases of active tuberculosis (TB) and latent TB infection (LTBI). Accurate diagnostics as well as the ability to ide...

    Authors: Caroline Corbett, Aizat Kulzhabaeva, Tatjana Toichkina, Gulmira Kalmambetova, Sevim Ahmedov, Uladzimir Antonenka, Altyn Iskakova, Dilorom Kosimova, Dasha Migunov, Bakyt Myrzaliev, Evgeni Sahalchyk, Nagira Umetalieva, Monica Vogel, Abdylat Kadyrov and Harald Hoffmann

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:746

    Content type: Research article

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  44. Children living with sputum smear-positive adult tuberculosis (TB) patients are vulnerable to acquire tubercular infection. Contact tracing is an important strategy to control tubercular infection in the commu...

    Authors: Geetika Srivastava, M. M. A. Faridi and Shiv Sagar Gupta

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:720

    Content type: Research article

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  45. Mycobacterium bovis could infect patients with immunodeficiency or immunosuppressive conditions via Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination. Tuberculosis-related hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) is reported, but ...

    Authors: Buyun Shi, Ming Chen, Zhi Xia, Shuna Xiao, Wen Tang, Chenguang Qin, Ying Cheng, Tao Huang, Chengjiao Huang, Yong Li and Hui Xu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:711

    Content type: Case report

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  46. Intravesical administration of Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) has proven useful for treatment and prevention of recurrence of superficial bladder cancer and in situ carcinoma. However, fatal side effects such ...

    Authors: Gen Shimizu, Ryota Amano, Itaru Nakamura, Akane Wada, Masanobu Kitagawa and Shuta Toru

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:708

    Content type: Case report

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  47. To investigate the incidence of active tuberculosis (TB) among COPD patients using fluticasone/salmeterol or budesonide/formoterol, and to identify any differences between these two groups of patients.

    Authors: Tsan-Ming Huang, Kuan-Chih Kuo, Ya-Hui Wang, Cheng-Yi Wang, Chih-Cheng Lai, Hao-Chien Wang, Likwang Chen and Chong-Jen Yu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:706

    Content type: Research article

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  48. There is limited research to guide TB treatment specifically in pregnant women and few studies have described the presentation of TB in pregnant women. We aimed to understand TB presentation and treatment outc...

    Authors: Brittney J. van de Water, Meredith B. Brooks, Chuan-Chin Huang, Letizia Trevisi, Leonid Lecca, Carmen Contreras, Jerome Galea, Roger Calderon, Rosa Yataco, Megan Murray and Mercedes C. Becerra

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:686

    Content type: Research article

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  49. Tuberculosis (TB) control is a primary global health priority but the goal to eliminate TB is being threatened by the increase in incidence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). With this series of sev...

    Authors: Oana Joean, Thea Thiele, Katharina Schütz, Nicolaus Schwerk, Ludwig Sedlacek, Barbara Kalsdorf, Ulrich Baumann and Matthias Stoll

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:678

    Content type: Research article

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  50. Mycobacterium jacuzzii (M. jacuzzii) was first isolated in 2003 by insertion of breast implants in Tel Aviv, Israel. In this case report, we describe our experience in detection of M. jacuzzii using phenotypic an...

    Authors: Fatemeh Sakhaee, Morteza Masoumi, Farzam Vaziri, Seyed Davar Siadat and Abolfazl Fateh

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:672

    Content type: Case report

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