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Tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases

Section edited by Edward Graviss and Eyal Oren 

This section aims to publish studies looking at all aspects of the prevention, diagnosis and management of tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases in humans, including HIV-associated tuberculosis, as well as related molecular genetics, pathophysiology, and epidemiology.

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  1. Globally, tuberculosis (TB) is the 10th leading cause of death. Despite no country achieved its target, the world health organization (WHO) proposed a 90–90-90 approach to fastening the end TB strategy. Improv...

    Authors: Kassahun Alemu Gelaye, Getu Debalkie, Tadesse Awoke Ayele, Sintayehu Daba Wami, Malede Mequanent Sisay, Destaw Fetene, Haileab Fekadu Wolde and Temesgen Yihunie Akalu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:579

    Content type: Research article

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  2. China ranks second in the world in terms of numbers of tuberculosis (TB) cases and is one of the top three countries with the largest number of multidrug-resistant and rifampicin-resistant TB (MDR/RR-TB). It a...

    Authors: Liwen Zhang, Wei Xing, Jiani Zhou, Rui Zhang, Yong Cheng, Jin Li, Geng Wang, Shili Liu and Ying Li

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:576

    Content type: Research article

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  3. In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), most prisons are overcrowded with poor ventilation and put prisoners disproportionally at risk of exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) and developing TB infection but are mostl...

    Authors: Desmond Kuupiel, Portia Vezi, Vitalis Bawontuo, Ernest Osei and Tivani P. Mashamba-Thompson

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:570

    Content type: Research article

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  4. There is a general dearth of information on extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB). Here, we investigated Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) drug resistance and transmission patterns in EPTB patients treated in the Tsh...

    Authors: Doctor B. Sibandze, Beki T. Magazi, Lesibana A. Malinga, Nontuthuko E. Maningi, Bong-Akee Shey, Jotam G. Pasipanodya and Nontombi N. Mbelle

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:556

    Content type: Research article

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  5. Determine TB-LAM is the first point-of-care test (POC) for HIV-associated tuberculosis (TB) and rapidly identifies TB in those at high-risk for short-term mortality. While the relationship between urine-LAM an...

    Authors: Andrew D. Kerkhoff, Nicky Longley, Nicola Kelly, Anna Cross, Monica Vogt, Robin Wood, Sabine Hermans, Stephen D. Lawn and Thomas S. Harrison

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:555

    Content type: Research article

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  6. We examined cytokine immune response profiles among contacts to tuberculosis patients to identify immunologic and epidemiologic correlates of tuberculosis.

    Authors: Mary R. Reichler, Christina Hirsch, Yan Yuan, Awal Khan, Susan E. Dorman, Neil Schluger and Timothy R. Sterling

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:553

    Content type: Research article

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  7. Bacteriological confirmation (BC) proportion among notified pulmonary TB patients in China is among the lowest in the world. This study was to understand the yield of BC using different testing strategies and ...

    Authors: Guoqin Zhang, Yuhua Zhang, Mingting Chen and Fan Zhang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:548

    Content type: Research article

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  8. The main advantage of GeneXpert MTB/RIF® (Xpert) molecular diagnostic technology is the rapid detection of M.tuberculosis DNA and mutations associated with rifampicin (RIF) resistance for timely initiation of app...

    Authors: Julia V. Ershova, Grigory V. Volchenkov, Tatiana R. Somova, Tatiana A. Kuznetsova, Natalia V. Kaunetis, Dorothy Kaminski, Olga V. Demikhova, Larisa N. Chernousova, Irina A. Vasilyeva, Eleanor M. Kerr, J. Peter Cegielski and Ekaterina V. Kurbatova

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:543

    Content type: Research article

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  9. China is a country with a high burden of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Chongqing is in the southwest of China, where the notification rate of PTB ranks tenth in China. This study analyzed the temporal and spat...

    Authors: Ya Yu, Bo Wu, Chengguo Wu, Qingya Wang, Daiyu Hu and Wei Chen

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:531

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Tuberculosis and intestinal parasites are mostly affecting poor people. They are in a vicious since one is the risk factor for the other. However, the comprehensive report on the burden and co-incidence of int...

    Authors: Ayinalem Alemu, Zebenay Workneh Bitew and Teshager Worku

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:510

    Content type: Research article

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  12. Tuberculosis is a disease that may affect any organ of the body. Multifocal tuberculosis involving multiple systems with associated symptoms are rare, which makes the diagnosis challenging. Distinguishing mult...

    Authors: Congxiao Wang, Ying Luan, Shifeng Liu, Mingwei Zhao, Hao Zhang, Wei Li, Zixiang Li, Xiaokun Hu and Lijing Peng

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:495

    Content type: Case report

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  13. In order to effectively combat Tuberculosis, resources to diagnose and treat TB should be allocated effectively to the areas and population that need them. Although a wealth of subnational data on TB is routin...

    Authors: Margo van Gurp, Ente Rood, Razia Fatima, Pushpraj Joshi, Sharat Chandra Verma, Ahmadul Hasan Khan, Lucie Blok, Christina Mergenthaler and Mirjam Irene Bakker

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:490

    Content type: Research article

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  14. Health-care workers (HCWs) are an epidemiological group with increased exposure to tuberculosis (TB), especially at health-care facilities (HCFs) with poor TB infection control in high-TB-burden settings. Chin...

    Authors: Guojie Wang, Jiying Xu, Bin Huang, Sanyou Gao, Yan Zhuang, Kan Wang, Yanqiu Zhang and Jianguo Jiang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:484

    Content type: Research article

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  15. Interferon-γ release assays (IGRA) with Resuscitation promoting factor (Rpf) proteins enhanced tuberculosis (TB) screening and diagnosis in adults but have not been evaluated in children. Children often develo...

    Authors: W. van Loon, M. P. Gomez, D. Jobe, K. L. M. C. Franken, T. H. M. Ottenhoff, M. Coninx, L. Kestens, J. S. Sutherland, B. Kampmann and L. D. Tientcheu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:469

    Content type: Research article

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  16. Despite successful clinical outcomes of biologic medications in patients with chronic rheumatic diseases, some considerable adverse effects such as infections remain a major concern. Possibility of tuberculosi...

    Authors: Mohammad-Esmaeil Hejazi, Atefeh Ahmadzadeh, Alireza Khabbazi, Aliasghar Ebrahimi, Maryam Farmani and Yasin Hejazi

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:464

    Content type: Research article

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  17. Globally, tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of death from a single infectious disease. TB treatment outcome is an important indicator for the effectiveness of a national TB control program. This stud...

    Authors: Tauseef Ahmad, Muhammad Ayub Jadoon, Muhammad Khan, Haroon, Muhammad Mumtaz Khan, Akbar Hussain, Taha Hussein Musa, Muhammad Waqar, Eyasu Ejeta, Manoochehr Karami, Kefyalew Addis Alene and Hui Jin

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:463

    Content type: Research article

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  18. At present, there are few studies on polymorphism of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) gene and how it affects the TB epidemic. This study aimed to document the differences of polymorphisms between tuberculosis ho...

    Authors: Dingwen Lin, Zhezhe Cui, Virasakdi Chongsuvivatwong, Prasit Palittapongarnpim, Angkana Chaiprasert, Wuthiwat Ruangchai, Jing Ou and Liwen Huang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:462

    Content type: Research article

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  19. Extra pulmonary manifestation of tuberculosis (TB) accounts for approximately one-half of TB cases in HIV-infected individuals with pleural TB as the second most common location. Even though mycobacteria are c...

    Authors: Tehmina Mustafa, Ida Wergeland, Kamaldeen Baba, Sharad Pathak, Anwar A. Hoosen and Anne Margarita Dyrhol-Riise

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:459

    Content type: Research article

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  20. Delayed treatment initiation of tuberculosis (TB) increases disease progression and development of complications which may lead to a higher level of infectiousness, clinical severity and increased mortality. B...

    Authors: Kiros Tedla, Girmay Medhin, Gebretsadik Berhe, Afework Mulugeta and Nega Berhe

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:456

    Content type: Research article

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  21. The emergence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is a major healthcare concern worldwide. Here, we analyzed age-related trends in DR-TB rates in South Korea.

    Authors: Eung Gu Lee, Jinsoo Min, Ji Young Kang, Sung Kyoung Kim, Jin Woo Kim, Yong Hyun Kim, Hyoung Kyu Yoon, Sang Haak Lee, Hyung Woo Kim and Ju Sang Kim

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:446

    Content type: Research article

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  22. The disease burden caused by pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in Sichuan province still persisted at a high level, and large spatial variances were presented across regional distribution disparities. The socio-econ...

    Authors: Lan Xia, Sui Zhu, Chuang Chen, Zheng-Yuan Rao, Yong Xia, Dan-Xia Wang, Pei-Ru Zhang, Jinge He, Ju-Ying Zhang and Jian-Lin Wu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:433

    Content type: Research article

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  23. Good’s syndrome (GS) is characterized by immunodeficiency, and can lead to severe infection, which is the most significant complication. Although Mycobacterium rarely causes infection in patients with GS, dissemi...

    Authors: Waki Imoto, Koichi Yamada, Yuriko Hajika, Kousuke Okamoto, Yuka Myodo, Makoto Niki, Gaku Kuwabara, Kazushi Yamairi, Wataru Shibata, Naoko Yoshii, Kiyotaka Nakaie, Kazutaka Yoshizawa, Hiroki Namikawa, Tetsuya Watanabe, Kazuhisa Asai, Hiroshi Moro…

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:431

    Content type: Case report

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  24. Even though remarkable progress for diagnostics of pulmonary TB has been made, it is still a challenge to establish a definitive diagnosis for extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) in clinical practice. Among all the prese...

    Authors: Weiwei Gao, Yi Zeng and Wei Chen

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:409

    Content type: Case report

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  25. Challenges accessing nearby health facilities may be a barrier to initiating and completing tuberculosis (TB) treatment. We aimed to evaluate whether distance from residence to health facility chosen for treat...

    Authors: Katherine O. Robsky, Seamus Hughes, Alex Kityamuwesi, Emily A. Kendall, Peter James Kitonsa, David W. Dowdy and Achilles Katamba

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:406

    Content type: Research article

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  26. Current tools for diagnosing latent TB infection (LTBI) detect immunological memory of past exposure but are unable to determine whether exposure is recent. We sought to identify a whole-blood transcriptome si...

    Authors: Philip Kam Weng Kwan, Balamurugan Periaswamy, Paola Florez De Sessions, Wenwei Lin, James S. Molton, Claire M. Naftalin, Ahmad Nazri Mohamed Naim, Martin L. Hibberd and Nicholas I. Paton

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:403

    Content type: Research article

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  27. Fluoroquinolones are broad-spectrum antibiotics that are recommended, and increasingly important, for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Resistance to fluoroquinolones is caused by mut...

    Authors: Mahdieh Sayadi, Hosna Zare, Saeed Amel Jamedar, Seyed Isaac Hashemy, Zahra Meshkat, Saman Soleimanpour, Sven Hoffner and Kiarash Ghazvini

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:390

    Content type: Research article

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  28. Mycobacterium fortuitum complex is a group of rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) associated with skin and soft-tissue infections after surgery or trauma. Treatment of NTM is challenging, due to res...

    Authors: Johanna Erber, Simon Weidlich, Tristan Tschaikowsky, Kathrin Rothe, Roland M. Schmid, Jochen Schneider and Christoph D. Spinner

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:365

    Content type: Case report

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  29. The Xpert MTB/RIF assay is an automated molecular test that is designed to simultaneously detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) complex and rifampin resistance. However, there are relatively few studies on this...

    Authors: Shuguang Li, Liyan Lin, Feifei Zhang, Chunjiang Zhao, Han Meng and Hui Wang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:362

    Content type: Research article

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  30. Loss of patients in the latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) cascade of care is a major barrier to LTBI management. We evaluated the impact and acceptability of local solutions implemented to strengthen LTBI m...

    Authors: Leila Barss, Joseph Obeng, Federica Fregonese, Olivia Oxlade, Benjamin Adomako, Anthony Opoku Afriyie, Erica Dapaah Frimpong, Nicholas Winters, Chantal Valiquette and Dick Menzies

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:352

    Content type: Research article

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  31. Patients with clinically suspected tuberculosis are often treated empirically, as diagnosis - especially of extrapulmonary tuberculosis - remains challenging. This leads to an overtreatment of tuberculosis and...

    Authors: Robert Ndege, Omary Ngome, Farida Bani, Yvan Temba, Herieth Wilson, Fiona Vanobberghen, Jerry Hella, Winfrid Gingo, Mohamed Sasamalo, Dorcas Mnzava, Namvua Kimera, Helen Hiza, John Wigayi, Herry Mapesi, Irene B. Kato, Francis Mhimbira…

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:349

    Content type: Study protocol

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  32. The burden of drug resistant tuberculosis in Africa is largely driven by the emergence and spread of multidrug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug resistant (XDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. MDR-TB is de...

    Authors: Namaunga Kasumu Chisompola, Elizabeth Maria Streicher, Chishala Miriam Kapambwe Muchemwa, Robin Mark Warren and Samantha Leigh Sampson

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:344

    Content type: Research article

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  33. Dynamically changed levels of serum cytokines might predict the development of active TB from latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and monitor preventive treatment effectiveness. The aim of the study was to id...

    Authors: Haoran Zhang, Xuefang Cao, Henan Xin, Jianmin Liu, Shouguo Pan, Ling Guan, Fei Shen, Zisen Liu, Dakuan Wang, Xueling Guan, Jiaoxia Yan, Boxuan Feng, Na Li, Qi Jin and Lei Gao

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:330

    Content type: Research article

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  34. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare and potentially life-threatening disorder characterized by an exacerbated but ineffective inflammatory response, which can be classified as primary and second...

    Authors: Yan-Hong Wang, Jun-Hui Ba, Xiao-Wei Shi and Ben-Quan Wu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:321

    Content type: Case report

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  35. Sichuan is a province located in southwestern China, which have a higher incidence of tuberculosis (TB). This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics, as well as drug resistance...

    Authors: Dong-Mei Wang, Qing-Feng Li, Ma Zhu, Gui-Hui Wu, Xi Li, Yuan-Hong Xu, Jing Zhong, Jia Luo, Ying-Jie Li, Bin-Wu Ying and Chuan-Min Tao

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:318

    Content type: Research article

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  36. Despite the predictive role of body weight variation in treatment outcome in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), few corroborating data are available. We studied weight variation in patients with MDR-TB...

    Authors: Alhassane Diallo, Boubacar Djelo Diallo, Lansana Mady Camara, Lucrèce Ahouéfa Nadège Kounoudji, Boubacar Bah, Fulgence N’Zabintawali, Miguel Carlos-Bolumbu, Mamadou Hassimiou Diallo and Oumou Younoussa Sow

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:315

    Content type: Research article

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  37. This study aimed to establish and evaluate a simultaneous amplification and testing method for detection of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB).

    Authors: Tongxin Li, Tao Shi, Ying Sun, Kan Zhou, Zhenggu Huang, Pengsen Wang, Ming Luo, Xiaoping Nie, Guoqiang Yang, Yu Chen and Yaokai Chen

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:303

    Content type: Research article

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  38. Tuberculosis (TB) remains a serious public health problem with substantial financial burden in China. The incidence of TB in Guangxi province is much higher than that in the national level, however, there is n...

    Authors: Yanling Zheng, Liping Zhang, Lei Wang and Ramziya Rifhat

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:300

    Content type: Research article

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  39. There are unique challenges in the diagnosis and management of multi drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in children. It is difficult to obtain confirmatory microbiological diagnosis in TB pericarditis. It is...

    Authors: Aravind Swaminathan, Philipp du Cros, Jay Achar, Jarmila Kliescikova, Shamsiya Mirgayosieva and Bobojon Pirmahmadzoda

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:298

    Content type: Case report

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  40. Soft tissue or skin infections due to nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) have been reported frequently and are mostly associated with trauma or cosmetic interventions like plastic surgery. However, infection wi...

    Authors: Ricardo Pérez-Alfonzo, Luisa Elena Poleo Brito, Marialejandra Solano Vergara, Angela Ruiz Damasco, Perla Luiguimar Meneses Rodríguez, Carmen Elena Kannee Quintero, Carolina Carrera Martinez, Ismar Alejandra Rivera-Oliver, Omaira J. Da Mata Jardin, Bárbara A. Rodríguez-Castillo and Jacobus H. de Waard

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:295

    Content type: Case report

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  41. International contact-tracing (CT) following exposure during long-distance air travel is resource-intensive, whereas evidence for risk of tuberculosis (TB) transmission during international travel is weak. In ...

    Authors: Saskia Glasauer, Stefan Kröger, Walter Haas and Nita Perumal

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:267

    Content type: Research article

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  42. Mycobacterial species other than Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium leprae are generally free-living organisms and Mycobacterium simiae is one of the slowest growing Non-tuberculous mycobacteria. This i...

    Authors: B. S. D. P. Keragala, C. N. Gunasekera, P. D. Yesudian, Chandima Guruge, B. S. Dissanayaka, D. P. Liyanagama, G. I. M. Jinadasa, S. R. Constantine and H. M. M. T. B. Herath

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:258

    Content type: Case report

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  43. Gastrointestinal tuberculosis (TB) is diagnostically challenging; therefore, many cases are treated presumptively. We aimed to describe features and outcomes of gastrointestinal TB, determine whether a clinica...

    Authors: Christopher Lowbridge, Soraya A. M. Fadhil, Gayathri D. Krishnan, Emma Schimann, Raman Muthu Karuppan, Nagaraj Sriram, Giri Shan Rajahram, Jayaram Menon, Aatish Patel, Timothy William, Dawn Carmel Paul and Anna P. Ralph

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:255

    Content type: Research article

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  44. In resource limited settings, Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among patients on antiretroviral treatment. Ethiopia is one of the 30 high TB burden countries. TB causes burden in h...

    Authors: Agazhe Aemro, Abebaw Jember and Degefaye Zelalem Anlay

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:245

    Content type: Research article

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  46. Peritoneal tuberculosis is the most common cause of low albumin gradient ascites in developing countries, but it can be easily confused with other causes of ascites. Peritoneal tuberculosis requires early reco...

    Authors: Jules Ntwari, Vincent Dusabejambo and Cameron Page

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:239

    Content type: Research article

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  47. The detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in the intensive care unit (ICU) presents several challenges, mainly associated to the clinical state of the patient. The presence of HIV infection further aggrav...

    Authors: Cynthia Pessoa Neves, Allyson Guimarães Costa, Izabella Picinin Safe, Alexandra de Souza Brito, Jaquelane Silva Jesus, Afranio Lineu Kritski, Marcus Vinicius Guimarães Lacerda, Miguel Viveiros and Marcelo Cordeiro-Santos

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:229

    Content type: Research article

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  48. The poorly known mycobacterial species Mycobacterium monacense is a rapidly growing non-tuberculous mycobacterium that was first described in 2006 (Reischl et al., Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:2575-8, 2006); it h...

    Authors: Chenyan Yuan, Huixia Lu, Congshan Yang, Wei Gao, Hailiang Wang and Guoqiu Wu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:215

    Content type: Case report

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  49. Well-functioning health systems are essential to achieving global and national tuberculosis (TB) control targets. This study examined health system factors affecting implementation of TB control programme from...

    Authors: Daniel Chukwuemeka Ogbuabor

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:206

    Content type: Research article

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  50. Tuberculosis (TB) burden shows wide disparities across ages in Taiwan. In 2016, the age-specific notification rate in those older than 65 years old was about 100 times as much as in those younger than 15 years...

    Authors: Han Fu, Hsien-Ho Lin, Timothy B. Hallett and Nimalan Arinaminpathy

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:191

    Content type: Research article

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