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HIV and co-infections

Section edited by Carlo Torti and Andrea De Luca

This section aims to publish studies looking at all aspects of the prevention, diagnosis and management of HIV and HIV-associated infections in humans, as well as related molecular genetics, pathophysiology, and epidemiology. This section also aims to publish studies on the adverse events of HAART and non HIV-related comorbidities in the HAART era.

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  1. Content type: Research article

    Zimbabwe is on track towards achieving viral suppression among adults (87%). However, adolescents have only achieved 44% by 2016. In Harare city, 57% of adolescents had attained viral suppression after 12 mont...

    Authors: Zvanaka Sithole, Elizabeth Mbizvo, Prosper Chonzi, More Mungati, Tsitsi Patience Juru, Gerald Shambira, Notion Tafara Gombe and Mufuta Tshimanga

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:469

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  2. Content type: Research article

    Previous studies reported HIV infection alters the distribution and function of γδ T cells and their subsets. γδ T phenotypes in healthy and diseased individuals has received little attention in Ethiopia. We c...

    Authors: Mikias Negash, Aster Tsegaye, Liya Wassie and Rawleigh Howe

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:464

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  3. Content type: Research article

    As countries scale up antiretroviral therapy (ART) for children, innovative strategies to deliver quality services to children are needed. Differentiated ART delivery models have been successful in adults, but...

    Authors: Jason M. Bacha, Lynda C. Aririguzo, Veronica Mng’ong’o, Beatrice Malingoti, Richard S. Wanless, Katherine Ngo, Liane R. Campbell and Gordon E. Schutze

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:448

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  4. Content type: Case report

    Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has been recognized as a risk factor for both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke among young adults. However, information on the optimal management of HIV patients pre...

    Authors: Ping Liu, Min Wu, Ning Zhang, Chunyou Chen, Bing Xiong and Xiaoying Zhang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:434

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  5. Content type: Research article

    Chronic diseases, chiefly cancers and circulatory system diseases (CSDs), have become the leading non-AIDS-related causes of death among HIV-infected people, as in the general population. After our previous re...

    Authors: Barbara Suligoi, Saverio Virdone, Martina Taborelli, Luisa Frova, Enrico Grande, Francesco Grippo, Marilena Pappagallo, Vincenza Regine, Lucia Pugliese, Diego Serraino and Antonella Zucchetto

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:428

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  6. Content type: Research article

    Since the early 90’s antiretroviral drugs have been available at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSH&RC), a referral hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, for the treatment of both adults and...

    Authors: Maha Al-Mozaini, Tahani Alrahbeni, Reem Al-Mograbi and Abdulrahman Alrajhi

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:425

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  7. Content type: Research article

    HIV remains a significant public health dilemma in West and Central Africa. HIV-related morbidity and mortality are unjustly high, yet little is known about the spectrum of complicating comorbidities in HIV-po...

    Authors: Richard Odame Phillips, Alexis Steinmetz, Justin Nichols, Emmanuel Adomako, Emmanuel Ofori, Emilia Antonio, St.-Martin Allihien, Collins Peprah-Addae and William Adams

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:419

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  8. Content type: Research article

    Uganda’s HIV Early Infant Diagnosis (EID) program rapidly scaled up testing of HIV-exposed infants (HEI) in its early years. However, little was known about retention outcomes of HEI after testing. Provision o...

    Authors: Charles Kiyaga, Vijay Narayan, Ian McConnell, Peter Elyanu, Linda Nabitaka Kisaakye, Adeodata Kekitiinwa, Matthew Price and Jeff Grosz

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:416

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  9. Content type: Research article

    We examined differences in incident HIV infection between newly-arrived Asian-born and other men who have sex with men (MSM) after the introduction of universal HIV treatment guidelines in 2015 and pre-exposur...

    Authors: Nicholas A. Medland, Eric P. F. Chow, Timothy H. R. Read, Jason J. Ong, Marcus Chen, Ian Denham, Praveena Gunaratnum and Christopher K. Fairley

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:410

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  10. Content type: Research article

    Tuberculosis, bacterial community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), and Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) are the three commonest causes of hospitalisation in HIV-infected adults. Prompt diagnosis and treatment init...

    Authors: Fiona Mendelson, Rulan Griesel, Nicki Tiffin, Molebogeng Rangaka, Andrew Boulle, Marc Mendelson and Gary Maartens

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:399

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  11. Content type: Research article

    The long-term benefits of antiretroviral treatment (ART) are associated with metabolic complications, especially lipodystrophy, which has been well described among HIV-infected adults and children on ART in de...

    Authors: Cecile Cames, Lea Pascal, Aissatou Ba, Hélène Mbodj, Baly Ouattara, Ndeye-Fatou Diallo, Philippe Msellati, Ngagne Mbaye, Haby Sy Signate, Stephane Blanche and Aminata Diack

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:374

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  12. Content type: Research article

    Reducing the number of people with undiagnosed HIV infection is a major goal of HIV control and prevention efforts in Europe and elsewhere. We analysed data from a large multi-city European bio-behavioural sur...

    Authors: Ulrich Marcus, Christiana Nöstlinger, Magdalena Rosińska, Nigel Sherriff, Lorenzo Gios, Sonia F. Dias, Ana F. Gama, Igor Toskin, Ivailo Alexiev, Emilia Naseva, Susanne Barbara Schink and Massimo Mirandola

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:368

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  13. Content type: Research article

    Concomitant use of ledipasvir and boosted protease inhibitors (PIs) may increase the risk of tenofovir (TDF) nephrotoxicity, since both these drugs increase TDF levels. Our aim was to evaluate glomerular filtr...

    Authors: Cristina Aurora São Pedro Soeiro, Celina Andreia Melo Gonçalves, Marta Sofia Correia Marques, Maria Josefina Vazquez Méndez, Ana Paula Ribeiro Almeida Tavares, Ana Maria Lacerda Morgado Fernandes de Carvalho de Aboim Horta and Rui Manuel do Rosário Sarmento-Castro

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:364

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  14. Content type: Research article

    Dyslipidemia represents a significant non-infectious comorbidity among people living with HIV. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact on lipid profile of switches from an efavirenz (EFV) or protease i...

    Authors: Lucia Taramasso, Paola Tatarelli, Elena Ricci, Giordano Madeddu, Barbara Menzaghi, Nicola Squillace, Giuseppe Vittorio De Socio, Canio Martinelli, Roberto Gulminetti, Paolo Maggi, Giancarlo Orofino, Francesca Vichi, Antonio Di Biagio and Paolo Bonfanti

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:357

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  15. Content type: Research article

    Infectious diarrhea is a common problem in the developing world, especially among people living with HIV/AIDS. Traditional diagnostic methods such as stool culture and microscopic examination are limited by re...

    Authors: Lubaba Seid, William Stokes, Abebe Genetu Bayih, Sisay Getie, Aberham Abere, Habtie Tesfa and Dylan R. Pillai

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:354

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  16. Content type: Research article

    No study has reported the epidemiology of AIDS-related opportunistic illnesses (AOIs) in patients with newly diagnosed HIV infection in Taiwan in the past decade. Understanding the current trends in AOI-relate...

    Authors: Chun-Yuan Lee, Yu-Ting Tseng, Wei-Ru Lin, Yen-Hsu Chen, Jih-Jin Tsai, Wen-Hung Wang, Po-Liang Lu and Hung-Chin Tsai

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:352

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  17. Content type: Research article

    Male circumcision provides men with approximately 60% protection from acquiring HIV infection via heterosexual sex, and has become a key component of HIV prevention efforts in sub-Saharan Africa. Possible mech...

    Authors: Stephanie M. Davis, Sherri Pals, Chunfu Yang, Elijah Odoyo-June, Joy Chang, Maroya Spalding Walters, Walter Jaoko, Naomi Bock, Larry Westerman, Carlos Toledo and Robert C. Bailey

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:350

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  18. Content type: Research article

    Refugees in sub-Saharan Africa face both the risk of HIV infection and barriers to HIV testing. We conducted a pilot study to determine the feasibility and acceptability of home-based HIV testing in Nakivale R...

    Authors: Kelli N. O’Laughlin, Wei He, Kelsy E. Greenwald, Julius Kasozi, Yuchiao Chang, Edgar Mulogo, Zikama M. Faustin, Patterson Njogu, Rochelle P. Walensky and Ingrid V. Bassett

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:332

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  19. Content type: Research article

    Despite wide spread use of Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) by pregnant women living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), the transmission rate is still higher by 18% after breastfeeding ends. The aim of this ...

    Authors: Girma Alemayehu Beyene, Lelisa Sena Dadi and Solomon Berhanu Mogas

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:327

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  20. Content type: Research article

    Etravirine (ETR), a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) available in France since 2006, is indicated for antiretroviral-experienced HIV-infected adults, in combination with a ritonavir-boost...

    Authors: Valérie Potard, Cécile Goujard, Marc Antoine Valantin, Jean Marc Lacombe, Rima Lahoulou, Arnaud Chéret, Pierre Marie Girard and Dominique Costagliola

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:326

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  21. Content type: Research article

    IL-17 and IL-22 cytokines play an important role in protective immune responses against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. Information on the production of these cytokines and the factors that regulate t...

    Authors: Kamakshi Prudhula Devalraju, Venkata Sanjeev Kumar Neela, Sharadambal Sunder Ramaseri, Arunabala Chaudhury, Abhinav Van, Siva Sai Krovvidi, Ramakrishna Vankayalapati and Vijaya Lakshmi Valluri

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:321

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  22. Content type: Research article

    HIV infection continues to be epidemic of public health importance with a prevalence of 1.1% and incidence of 0.33/1000 population having low-intensity mixed epidemic. Ethiopia has adopted the 90–90-90 by 2020...

    Authors: Tadele Girum, Abebaw Wasie and Abdulsemed Worku

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:320

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  23. Content type: Research article

    Tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) is associated with less renal and bone toxicity compared with tenofovir disoproxil (TDF). TAF's recent FDA approval has spurred HIV providers to consider switching antiretroviral th...

    Authors: Sarah S. Lee, Joshua P. Havens, Harlan R. Sayles, Jennifer L. O’Neill, Anthony T. Podany, Susan Swindells, Kimberly K. Scarsi and Sara H. Bares

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:310

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  24. Content type: Research article

    Antiretroviral therapy dramatically reduced HIV-related morbidity and mortality, prolonging the lifespan of HIV-infected patients. Greater duration of infection and exposure to antiretroviral therapy makes the...

    Authors: Ana Rita Coelho, Flávia Andreia Moreira, Ana Cristina Santos, André Silva-Pinto, António Sarmento, Davide Carvalho and Paula Freitas

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:309

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  25. Content type: Research article

    The introduction of anti-retroviral treatment (ART) has significantly reduced mortality and morbidity associated with HIV/AIDS. While treatment at early stages of the disease is related to a better prognosis, ...

    Authors: Henry Namme Luma, Paulia Jua, Olivier-Tresor Donfack, Felicite Kamdem, Eveline Ngouadjeu, Hugo Bertrand Mbatchou, Marie-Solange Doualla and Yakouba Njankou Mapoure

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:298

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  26. Content type: Research article

    Triple-drug regimens are the gold standard for HIV therapy. Nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) reducing regimens are used to decrease drugs toxicity, exposure and costs. Aim of our study wa...

    Authors: Eugenia Quiros-Roldan, Paola Magro, Elena Raffetti, Ilaria Izzo, Alessandro Borghetti, Francesca Lombardi, Annalisa Saracino, Franco Maggiolo and Francesco Castelli

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:285

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  27. Content type: Research article

    The burden of mother-to-child transmission rate of HIV is high and risk factors are common in Ethiopia. This systematic review and meta-analysis intended to provide the pooled estimation of mother-to-child tra...

    Authors: Aklilu Endalamaw, Amare Demsie, Setegn Eshetie and Tesfa Dejenie Habtewold

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:283

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  28. Content type: Research article

    Retention in care and adherence to the treatment is very important for the success of the program while access for treatment is being scaled up. Without more precise data about the rate of loss to follow up as...

    Authors: Wubareg Seifu, Walid Ali and Beyene Meresa

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:280

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  29. Content type: Research article

    Timely HIV testing and initiation of antiretroviral therapy are two major determinants of survival for HIV-infected individuals. Our study aimed to explore the trend of late HIV/AIDS diagnoses and to assess th...

    Authors: Houlin Tang, Yurong Mao, Weiming Tang, Jing Han, Juan Xu and Jian Li

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:272

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  30. Content type: Research article

    Antiretroviral therapy has an impressive clinical effect on the human immunodeficiency virus although its effectiveness depends mainly on the adherence of patients to the therapy. Therefore, this study aimed t...

    Authors: Abiyot Abeje Molla, Abebaw Addis Gelagay, Habtamu Sewunet Mekonnen and Destaw Fetene Teshome

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:266

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  31. Content type: Research article

    HIV-positive people often experience mental health disorders and engage in substance use when the disease progresses. In resource limited settings, mental health services are not integrated into HIV services. ...

    Authors: Khem N. Pokhrel, Vidya D. Sharma, Kalpana G. Pokhrel, Sanjeev R. Neupane, Linda B. Mlunde, Krishna C. Poudel and Masamine Jimba

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:263

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  32. Content type: Research article

    It is unknown whether statin use among people living with HIV results in a reduction in all-cause mortality. We aimed to evaluate the effect of statin use on all-cause mortality among people living with HIV.

    Authors: Olalekan A. Uthman, Chidozie Nduka, Samuel I. Watson, Edward J. Mills, Andre P. Kengne, Shabbar S. Jaffar, Aileen Clarke, Tahereh Moradi, Anna-Mia Ekström and Richard Lilford

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:258

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  33. Content type: Research article

    The need to study the outcome of Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infected individuals in Ghana, a sub-Saharan African country crucial in the era of the “Treat All” policy....

    Authors: Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah, Faustina Pappoe, Ibrahim Baidoo, Francis Arthur, Anna Hayfron-Benjamin, Samuel Essien-Baidoo, Godwin Kwakye-Nuako and Stephen Ayisi Addo

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:230

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  34. Content type: Research article

    The studies on the occurrence and diversity of tick-borne infections in HIV-infected individuals have been few, and the subject has been relatively neglected when compared with other common infections associat...

    Authors: Renata Welc-Falęciak, Justyna D. Kowalska, Małgorzata Bednarska, Magdalena Szatan and Agnieszka Pawełczyk

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:227

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  36. Content type: Research article

    The overall success of Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) antiretroviral therapy (ART) was heavily challenged upon the occurrence of drug resistance. Dehong Prefecture witnessed not only the first rep...

    Authors: Qicai Xuan, Shuwen Liang, Weihong Qin, Shuting Yang, A-mei Zhang, Ting Zhao, Hui Su, Zhiqing Xia, Binghui Wang and Xueshan Xia

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:211

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  37. Content type: Case report

    Angiocentric lymph proliferative disorder (ALPD) is a granulomatous lymphoproliferative condition associated with various primary and secondary immunodeficiency states. ALPD is so rare that its prevalence has ...

    Authors: Cecilia T. Costiniuk, Jason Karamchandani, Ali Bessissow, Jean-Pierre Routy, Jason Szabo and Charles Frenette

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:210

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  38. Content type: Research article

    HIV has the most serious effects in Sub-Saharan African countries as compared to countries in other parts of the world. As part of these countries, Ethiopia has been affected significantly by the disease, and ...

    Authors: Awoke Seyoum Tegegne, Principal Ndlovu and Temesgen Zewotir

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:197

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  39. Content type: Research article

    Efavirenz-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens are preferred for treatment of adult HIV-positive patients co-infected with tuberculosis (HIV/TB). Few studies have compared outcomes among HIV/TB patients...

    Authors: Yanink Caro-Vega, Anna Schultze, Anne Marie W. Efsen, Frank A. Post, Alexander Panteleev, Aliaksandr Skrahin, Jose M. Miro, Enrico Girardi, Daria N. Podlekareva, Jens D. Lundgren, Juan Sierra-Madero, Javier Toibaro, Jaime Andrade-Villanueva, Simona Tetradov, Jan Fehr, Joan Caylà…

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:191

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  40. Content type: Research article

    To evaluate the predictive value of analytical markers of full blood count that can be assessed in the emergency department for HIV infected patients, with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).

    Authors: S. Camon, C. Quiros, N. Saubi, A. Moreno, M. A. Marcos, Y. Eto, S. Rofael, E. Monclus, J. Brown, T. D. McHugh, J. Mallolas and R. Perello

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:189

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  41. Content type: Research article

    The use of new types of drugs has become more common among men who have sex with men (MSM). The aim of this study was to describe the patterns of the use of new types of drugs, such as methamphetamine, ketamin...

    Authors: Lin He, Xiaohong Pan, Ning Wang, Jiezhe Yang, Jun Jiang, Yan Luo, Xingliang Zhang and Xiting Li

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:182

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  42. Content type: Research article

    Context-specific factors influence adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) among pregnant women living with HIV. Gaps exist in the understanding of the reasons for the variable outcomes of the prevention of ...

    Authors: Oladele Vincent Adeniyi, Anthony Idowu Ajayi, Daniel Ter Goon, Eyitayo Omolara Owolabi, Alfred Eboh and John Lambert

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:175

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  43. Content type: Research article

    Little is known about the utility of transient elastography (TE) for assessing the prognosis of patients with decompensated cirrhosis (DC).

    Authors: Leire Pérez-Latorre, Matilde Sánchez-Conde, Pilar Miralles, Juan Carlos López, Francisco Parras, Francisco Tejerina, Teresa Aldámiz-Echevarría, Ana Carrero, Cristina Díez, Margarita Ramírez, Isabel Gutiérrez, José María Bellón, Rafael Bañares and Juan Berenguer

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:170

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  44. Content type: Research article

    Little is known about the clinical presentation and outcomes amongst older HIV infected populations accessing ART in sub-Saharan Africa. We compared mortality amongst HIV infected patients accessing ART that w...

    Authors: Halima Dawood, Razia Hassan-Moosa, Nonhlanhla-Yende Zuma and Kogieleum Naidoo

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:168

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  45. Content type: Research article

    In West and Central Africa areas of endemic Loa loa infections overlap with regions of high prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infections. Because individuals in this region are exposed to ...

    Authors: Ghislain Donald Njambe Priso, Abel Lissom, Loveline N. NGU, Nadesh N. Nji, Jules Colince Tchadji, Thibau Flaurant Tchouangueu, Georgia E. Ambada, Carole Stéphanie Sake Ngane, Brigitte Laure Dafeu, Larissa Djukouo, Inès Nyebe, Suzanne Magagoum, Apeh Alfred Ngoh, Ouambo Fotso Herve, Rosario Garcia, Anna Gutiérrez…

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:160

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  46. Content type: Research article

    China faces a serious HIV epidemic among men who have sex with men (MSM), and a large proportion of new infections are attributed to their regular male sex partners (RP). The objective of this study was to inv...

    Authors: Juan He, Hui-fang Xu, Wei-bin Cheng, Sheng-jie Zhang, Jing Gu, Yuan-tao Hao and Chun Hao

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:150

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  47. Content type: Research article

    While antiretroviral therapy (ART) availability for HIV patients has increased dramatically in Uganda, patient linkage to and retention in care remains a challenge. We assessed patterns of engagement in care i...

    Authors: Caroline E. Boeke, Vennie Nabitaka, Andrea Rowan, Katherine Guerra, Arnold Kabbale, Barbara Asire, Eleanor Magongo, Pamela Nawaggi, Vivienne Mulema, Betty Mirembe, Victor Bigira, Andrew Musoke and Cordelia Katureebe

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:138

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  48. Content type: Research article

    The introduction of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) has provided unprecedented opportunities for uninsured people with HIV infection to access health insurance, and to examine the impact of this change in access...

    Authors: Renae Furl, Shinobu Watanabe-Galloway, Elizabeth Lyden and Susan Swindells

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:132

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  49. Content type: Research article

    Syphilis is a global health concern disproportionately affecting HIV-infected populations. In Alberta, Canada, the incidence of syphilis in the general population has recently doubled with 25% of these infecti...

    Authors: Raynell Lang, Ron Read, Hartmut B. Krentz, Soheil Ramazani, Mingkai Peng, Jennifer Gratrix and M. John Gill

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:125

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  50. Content type: Research article

    Condom use and antiretroviral therapy (ART) are effective means to prevent and control HIV transmission. We aimed to assess the effect of condom use in combination with antiretroviral therapy (ART) on HIV inci...

    Authors: Lili Tao, Min Liu, Shuming Li, Jue Liu and Ning Wang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:124

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