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HIV and co-infections

This section aims to publish studies looking at all aspects of the prevention, diagnosis and management of HIV and HIV-associated infections in humans, as well as related molecular genetics, pathophysiology, and epidemiology. This section also aims to publish studies on the adverse events of HAART and non HIV-related comorbidities in the HAART era.

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  1. Despite global efforts to control HIV among key populations, new infections among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender (TG) individuals are still increasing. The increasing HIV epidemic among MSM/TG...

    Authors: Songyuan Tang, Weiming Tang, Kathrine Meyers, Polin Chan, Zhongdan Chen and Joseph D. Tucker

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:588

    Content type: Research article

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  2. Acute vision loss in the post-partum period can occur due to many reasons. Eclampsia, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES), pituitary apoplexy, and central serous retinopathy are some of the imp...

    Authors: Aniruddha More, Ravindra Kumar Garg, Hardeep Singh Malhotra, Neeraj Kumar and Ravi Uniyal

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:582

    Content type: Case report

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  3. Co-infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among HIV infected individuals especially in developing countries. Early initiation of cART in these patients when C...

    Authors: Simon Mutembo, Jane N. Mutanga, Kebby Musokotwane, Lutangu Alisheke and Christopher C. Whalen

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:572

    Content type: Research article

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  4. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) reduce HIV-1 transmission within heterosexual HIV-1 serodiscordant couples. Prioritizing couples at highest HIV-1 transmission risk for ART and ...

    Authors: Elizabeth M. Irungu, Renee Heffron, Nelly Mugo, Kenneth Ngure, Elly Katabira, Nulu Bulya, Elizabeth Bukusi, Josephine Odoyo, Stephen Asiimwe, Edna Tindimwebwa, Connie Celum and Jared M. Baeten

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:571

    Content type: Research article

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  5. A substantial proportion of HIV-infected adults starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa are malnourished. We aimed to increase understanding of the factors affecting their high mortality, p...

    Authors: Susannah L Woodd, Paul Kelly, John R. Koethe, George Praygod, Andrea M. Rehman, Molly Chisenga, Joshua Siame, Douglas C. Heimburger, Henrik Friis and Suzanne Filteau

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:562

    Content type: Research article

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  6. Little is known about survival outcomes of HIV patients on first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) on a large-scale in India, or facility level factors that influence patient survival to guide further improvem...

    Authors: Rakhi Dandona, Bharat B. Rewari, G. Anil Kumar, Sukarma Tanwar, S. G. Prem Kumar, Venkata S. Vishnumolakala, Herbert C. Duber, Emmanuela Gakidou and Lalit Dandona

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:555

    Content type: Research article

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  7. Generic drug policies are often associated with concerns about the quality and effectiveness of these products. Phase IV clinical trials may be a suitable design to assess the effectiveness and safety of gener...

    Authors: Jaime Galindo, Pedro Amariles, Héctor F. Mueses-Marín, Jaime A. Hincapié, Sebastián González-Avendaño and Ximena Galindo-Orrego

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:532

    Content type: Research article

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  8. Longitudinal studies of female sex workers (FSWs) are vulnerable to loss to follow-up (LTFU) due to this population’s high mobility and low willingness to self-identify as FSWs. LTFU in cohort studies is a cri...

    Authors: Yingying Su, Guowei Ding, Kathleen H. Reilly, Jessie L. Norris, Huixin Liu, Zheng Li, Guixiang Wang, Ganggang Fang and Ning Wang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:526

    Content type: Research article

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  9. Malaria is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children and HIV infection as well as other factors may worsen the situation. This study was aimed at determining the factors influencing mala...

    Authors: Ayukenchengamba Bate, Helen K. Kimbi, Emmaculate Lum, Leopold G. Lehman, Elias F. Onyoh, Lucy M. Ndip, Conica M. Njabi, Calvin Tonga, Godlove B.Wempnje, Roland N. Ndip and Pascal O. Bessong

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:523

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Linkage to HIV care is crucial to the success of antiretroviral therapy (ART) programs worldwide, loss to follow up at all stages of the care continuum is frequent, and long-term prospective studies of care li...

    Authors: Elizabeth A. Reddy, Chris Bernard Agala, Venance P. Maro, Jan Ostermann, Brian W. Pence, Dafrosa K. Itemba, Donna Safley, Jia Yao, Nathan M. Thielman and Kathryn Whetten

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:497

    Content type: Research article

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  11. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome associated with dermatophytoses (tinea-IRIS) may cause considerable morbidity. Yet, it has been scarcely reported and is rarely considered in the differential diagno...

    Authors: Herry Mapesi, Adrià Ramírez, Marcel Tanner, Christoph Hatz and Emilio Letang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:495

    Content type: Case report

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  12. A previous cohort study indicated that atazanavir (ATV), a protease inhibitor used for HIV treatment, is not associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) events. The objective of this study was to ...

    Authors: Lisa Rosenblatt, Amanda M. Farr, Ella T. Nkhoma, James K. Nelson, Corey Ritchings and Stephen S. Johnston

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:492

    Content type: Research article

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    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:547

  13. Acute hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection (AHCVI) outbreaks have been described recently within defined areas worldwide among HIV-infected homosexual men. This study aims to describe the cumulative frequency and...

    Authors: Karin Neukam, Pompeyo Viciana, Guillermo Ojeda-Burgos, Marcial Delgado-Fernández, María J. Ríos, Juan Macías, Dolores Merino, Antonio Collado, Francisco Téllez and Juan A. Pineda

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:489

    Content type: Research article

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  14. Seroprevalence data and clinical studies in children suggest that the burden of pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in Africa may be underestimated. We performed a systematic review to determine the prevalence and at...

    Authors: Sean Wasserman, Mark E. Engel, Rulan Griesel and Marc Mendelson

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:482

    Content type: Research article

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  15. Crack cocaine use is known to contribute to poor adherence to antiretroviral medications; however, little is known about facilitators of or barriers to effective HIV treatment use among HIV-infected crack coca...

    Authors: Kanna Hayashi, Evan Wood, Thomas Kerr, Huiru Dong, Paul Nguyen, Cathy M. Puskas, Silvia Guillemi, Julio S. G. Montaner and Michael-John Milloy

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:455

    Content type: Research article

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  16. Aim of the study was to assess predictors of discontinuation/toxicity of boosted PI-based (PI/r) dual therapy (DT).

    Authors: Alessandra Latini, Massimiliano Fabbiani, Vanni Borghi, Gaetana Sterrantino, Alberto Giannetti, Patrizia Lorenzini, Laura Loiacono, Adriana Ammassari, Rita Bellagamba, Manuela Colafigli, Gabriella D’Ettorre, Simona Di Giambenedetto, Andrea Antinori and Mauro Zaccarelli

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:401

    Content type: Research article

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  17. Uptake of couples’ HIV counseling and testing (couples’ HCT) services remains largely low in most settings. We report the effect of a demand-creation intervention trial on couples’ HCT uptake among married or ...

    Authors: Joseph K. B. Matovu, Jim Todd, Rhoda K. Wanyenze, Robert Kairania, David Serwadda and Fred Wabwire-Mangen

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:379

    Content type: Research article

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  18. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) agents potentially associated with adverse metabolic profiles are commonly used in low- and middle-income countries. We assessed risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD)-relat...

    Authors: Chanelle M. Diaz, Eddy R. Segura, Paula M. Luz, Jesse L. Clark, Sayonara R. Ribeiro, Raquel De Boni, Leonardo Eksterman, Rodrigo Moreira, Judith S. Currier, Valdiléa G. Veloso, Beatriz Grinsztejn and Jordan E. Lake

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:376

    Content type: Research article

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  19. HIV/AIDS continues to be a global health problem. With currently no cure, it is critical to get an effective vaccine to add to the arsenal of prevention and treatment tools. HIV Exposed Sero-Negative (HESN) in...

    Authors: Sophia Osawe, Evaezi Okpokoro, Ruth Datiri, Grace Choji, Felicia Okolo, Pam Datong and Alash’le Abimiku

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:352

    Content type: Research article

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  20. The principal goal of HAART is sustained viral load (VL) suppression resulting in immune reconstitution and improved HIV outcomes. We studied the factors associated with 10 years of continuous VL suppression o...

    Authors: Kathryn J. Bello, Octavio Mesner, Thomas A. O’Bryan, Seung Hyun Won, Tahaniyat Lalani, Anuradha Ganesan, Brian K. Agan and Jason F. Okulicz

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:351

    Content type: Research article

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  22. The presence of IgG and IgM against Tat, an HIV protein important for viral replication and immune dysfunction, is associated with slow disease progression in clade B HIV-infected individuals. However, althoug...

    Authors: Francesco Nicoli, Mkunde Chachage, Petra Clowes, Asli Bauer, Dickens Kowour, Barbara Ensoli, Aurelio Cafaro, Leonard Maboko, Michael Hoelscher, Riccardo Gavioli, Elmar Saathoff and Christof Geldmacher

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:344

    Content type: Research article

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  23. Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 3G (APOBEC3G) is a potent host defense factor, which interferes with HIV-1 and HBV. Our study had three objectives, to screen a population of HIV...

    Authors: Tegwinde Rebeca Compaore, Birama Diarra, Maleki Assih, Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah, Serge Theophile Soubeiga, Abdoul Karim Ouattara, Damehan Tchelougou, Cyrille Bisseye, Didier Romuald Bakouan, Issaka Pierre Compaore, Augustine Dembele, Wendkuuni Florencia Djigma and Jacques Simpore

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:336

    Content type: Research article

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  24. Many HIV-1-infected patients on suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART) have transiently elevated HIV RNA levels. The clinical significance of these viral blips is uncertain. We have determined the incidence ...

    Authors: Erik Sörstedt, Staffan Nilsson, Anders Blaxhult, Magnus Gisslén, Leo Flamholc, Anders Sönnerborg and Aylin Yilmaz

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:305

    Content type: Research article

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  25. Dual rapid tests for HIV and syphilis infections allow for detection of HIV infection and syphilis at the point-of-care. Those tests have been evaluated in laboratory settings and show excellent performance bu...

    Authors: Claire C. Bristow, Linda Severe, Jean William Pape, Marjan Javanbakht, Sung-Jae Lee, Warren Scott Comulada and Jeffrey D. Klausner

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:302

    Content type: Research article

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  26. Men having sex with men (MSM) frequently use the Internet to find sex partners. We examined the association between unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) with partners dated online and with partners dated offline...

    Authors: Titia Heijman, Ineke Stolte, Ronald Geskus, Amy Matser, Udi Davidovich, Maria Xiridou and Maarten Schim van der Loeff

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:288

    Content type: Research article

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  27. In resource-limited settings, where resistance testing is unavailable, confirmatory testing for patients with high viral loads (VL) delays antiretroviral therapy (ART) switches for persons with resistance. We ...

    Authors: Sarah E. Rutstein, Mina C. Hosseinipour, Morris Weinberger, Stephanie B. Wheeler, Andrea K. Biddle, Carole L. Wallis, Pachamuthu Balakrishnan, John W. Mellors, Mariza Morgado, Shanmugam Saravanan, Srikanth Tripathy, Saran Vardhanabhuti, Joseph J. Eron and William C. Miller

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:280

    Content type: Research article

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  28. Prevention and antiretroviral therapy (ART) management for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected people need to have long-term health care. An empowerment focused intervention is a procedure by which HIV...

    Authors: Dharma Nand Bhatta and Tippawan Liabsuetrakul

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:272

    Content type: Research article

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  29. Tuberculosis is one of the leading causes of death from infectious diseases worldwide, mainly after the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemics. Patient with HIV-related illness are more likely to present...

    Authors: Ana Carla Pecego, Rodrigo T. Amancio, Camila Ribeiro, Emersom C. Mesquita, Denise M. Medeiros, José Cerbino, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Fernando A. Bozza and Andre M. Japiassu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:270

    Content type: Research article

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  30. Intensified case finding (ICF) and earlier antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation are strategies to reduce burden of HIV-associated tuberculosis (TB). We describe incidence of and associated factors for TB am...

    Authors: Tendesayi Kufa, Violet Chihota, Victor Mngomezulu, Salome Charalambous, Suzanne Verver, Gavin Churchyard and Martien Borgdorff

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:266

    Content type: Research article

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  31. In our study, we have hypothesized that proviral DNA may show the history of mutations that emerged at previous failures to a Raltegravir containing regimen, in patients who are currently undetectable and cand...

    Authors: Jose Ángel Fernández-Caballero, Natalia Chueca, Marta Álvarez, María Dolores Mérida, Josefa López, José Antonio Sánchez, David Vinuesa, María Ángeles Martínez, José Hernández and Federico García

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:197

    Content type: Research article

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  32. Multiple prevention interventions, including early antiretroviral therapy initiation, may reduce HIV incidence in hyperendemic settings. Our aim was to predict the short-term impact of various single and combi...

    Authors: Stéphanie Blaizot, David Maman, Benjamin Riche, Irene Mukui, Beatrice Kirubi, René Ecochard and Jean-François Etard

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:189

    Content type: Research article

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  33. People with HIV are living longer with the health-related consequences of HIV, multi-morbidity, and aging. Exercise is a key strategy that may improve or sustain health for people living with HIV. Our aim was ...

    Authors: Kelly K. O’Brien, Anne-Marie Tynan, Stephanie A. Nixon and Richard H. Glazier

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:182

    Content type: Research article

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  34. HIV-associated cognitive impairment has declined since the introduction of combination antiretroviral treatment (cART). However, milder forms of cognitive impairment persist. Inflammation in the cerebrospinal ...

    Authors: Sofie Jespersen, Karin Kæreby Pedersen, Birgitta Anesten, Henrik Zetterberg, Dietmar Fuchs, Magnus Gisslén, Lars Hagberg, Marius Trøseid and Susanne Dam Nielsen

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:176

    Content type: Research article

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  35. Presenting to care with advanced HIV is common in sub-Saharan Africa and increases the risk of severe disease and death; however, it remains unclear whether this is a consequence of late diagnosis or a delay i...

    Authors: Mia Liisa van der Kop, Lehana Thabane, Patricia Opondo Awiti, Samuel Muhula, Lennie Bazira Kyomuhangi, Richard Todd Lester and Anna Mia Ekström

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:169

    Content type: Research article

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  36. Opportunistic illnesses still account for a huge proportion of hospitalizations and deaths among HIV-infected patients in the post combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) era, particularly in middle- and low...

    Authors: Lara E. Coelho, Sandra W. Cardoso, Rodrigo T. Amancio, Ronaldo I. Moreira, Sayonara R. Ribeiro, Alessandra B. Coelho, Dayse P. Campos, Valdiléa G. Veloso, Beatriz Grinsztejn and Paula M. Luz

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:134

    Content type: Research article

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  37. The leading causes of morbidity and mortality for people in high-income countries living with HIV are now non-AIDS malignancies, cardiovascular disease and other non-communicable diseases associated with agein...

    Authors: Sarity Dodson, Karen M. Klassen, Karalyn McDonald, Tanya Millard, Richard H. Osborne, Malcolm W. Battersby, Christopher K. Fairley, Julie A. Simpson, Paula Lorgelly, Andrew Tonkin, Janine Roney, Sean Slavin, Jasminka Sterjovski, Margot Brereton, Sharon R. Lewin, Levinia Crooks…

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:114

    Content type: Study protocol

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  38. Sentinel surveillance for HIV among women attending antenatal clinics using unlinked anonymous testing is a cornerstone of HIV surveillance in sub-Saharan Africa. Increased use of routine antenatal HIV testing...

    Authors: Martin Sirengo, George W. Rutherford, Boaz Otieno-Nyunya, Timothy A. Kellogg, Davies Kimanga, Nicholas Muraguri, Mamo Umuro, Joy Mirjahangir, Ellen Stein, Margaret Ndisha and Andrea A. Kim

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:113

    Content type: Research article

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  40. The range of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) regimens available in many middle-income countries differs from those suggested in international HIV treatment guidelines. We compared first-line cART reg...

    Authors: Gordana Dragovic, Colette J. Smith, Djordje Jevtovic, Bozana Dimitrijevic, Jovana Kusic, Mike Youle and Margaret A. Johnson

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:106

    Content type: Research article

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  41. Musculoskeletal manifestations of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have been described since the outset of the global HIV epidemic. Articular syndromes that have been described in association with HIV in...

    Authors: T. Adizie, R. J. Moots, B. Hodkinson, N. French and A. O. Adebajo

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:100

    Content type: Research article

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  42. Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) programs collect socio-demographic and HIV testing information similar to that collected by unlinked anonymous testing sero-surveillance (UAT) in anten...

    Authors: E. Gonese, A. Mushavi, M. Mungati, M. Mhangara, J. Dzangare, O. Mugurungi, J. Dee, P. H. Kilmarx, G. Shambira, M. T. Tshimanga and J. Hargrove

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:97

    Content type: Research article

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  43. Cancer is responsible for elevated HIV-related morbidity and mortality. Research on HIV-infected patients with concurrent cancer is rare in China. The purpose of our study was to investigate the prevalence and...

    Authors: Jun Yang, Shu Su, Hongxin Zhao, Dennis Wang, Jiali Wang, Fujie Zhang and Yan Zhao

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:82

    Content type: Research article

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  44. No Danish guidelines for screening of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in women living with HIV (WLWH) exist, except for annual syphilis testing. Drug-drug interaction between hormonal contraceptives and...

    Authors: Kristina Thorsteinsson, Steen Ladelund, Merete Storgaard, Frederikke Falkencrone Rønsholt, Isik Somuncu Johansen, Gitte Pedersen, Lars Nørregård Nielsen, Jesper Bonde, Henrik Westh, Niels Obel, Terese L. Katzenstein and Anne-Mette Lebech

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:81

    Content type: Research article

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  46. The National Study of HIV in Pregnancy and Childhood (NSHPC) conducts comprehensive population-based surveillance of pregnancies in women with HIV infection in the United Kingdom/Ireland. Use of antepartum ant...

    Authors: Pat A. Tookey, Claire Thorne, Jean van Wyk and Michael Norton

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:65

    Content type: Research article

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  47. HIV-infected children in sub-Saharan Africa may be at a high risk of staying on a failing first-line regimen and developing drug-resistance HIV variants due to lack of routine viral load monitoring. We investi...

    Authors: Omobolawa Kukoyi, Lorna Renner, Jonathan Powell, Oliver Barry, Meghan Prin, Jonas Kusah, Xiangyu Cong and Elijah Paintsil

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:58

    Content type: Research article

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  48. Efavirenz, widely used as part of antiretroviral drug regimens in the treatment of paediatric human immunodeficiency virus infection, has central nervous system side effects. We describe four children presenti...

    Authors: Francoise Pinillos, Collet Dandara, Marelize Swart, Renate Strehlau, Louise Kuhn, Faeezah Patel, Ashraf Coovadia and Elaine Abrams

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:56

    Content type: Case report

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  49. Multicentric Castleman’s disease (MCD) is a pre-malignancy that presents with lymphadenopathy and features of systemic inflammation. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated MCD is associated with human h...

    Authors: Stephanie Anderson, Sarah C. Sasson, Frederick J. Lee, Wendy Cooper, Stephen Larsen and Roger Garsia

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:53

    Content type: Case report

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  50. In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), antiretroviral therapy (ART) can prolong life for HIV-infected patients. However, patients initiating ART, especially in routine treatment programs, commonly dropout from care eith...

    Authors: Stephen B. Asiimwe, Michael Kanyesigye, Bosco Bwana, Samson Okello and Winnie Muyindike

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2016 16:43

    Content type: Research article

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