Hepatitis and co-infections

HBV-associated intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with high serum alpha-fetoprotein: a case report with review of literature

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a rare malignant tumor. The etiology of ICC remains poorly understood. Recently, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been implicated as a potential risk factor for IC...

Authors: Caixia Wang, Haiyan Jing, Dan Sha, Weibo Wang, Jianpeng Chen, Yangang Cui and Junqing Han

A Synthesis of Hepatitis C prevalence estimates in Sub-Saharan Africa: 2000–2013

Hepatitis C (HCV) is a deleterious virus that can be cured with new, highly effective anti-viral treatments, yet more than 185 million individuals worldwide remain HCV positive (with the vast majority un-diagn...

Authors: Nallely Mora, William H. Adams, Stephanie Kliethermes, Lara Dugas, Neelam Balasubramanian, Jasmin Sandhu, Helen Nde, Christina Small, Joanne Jose, Steven Scaglione and Jennifer E. Layden

Underreporting of hepatitis A in non-endemic countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Information on reporting completeness of passive surveillance systems can improve the quality of and public health response to surveillance data and better inform public health planning. As a result, we system...

Authors: Rachel D. Savage, Laura C. Rosella, Kevin A. Brown, Kamran Khan and Natasha S. Crowcroft

Widespread hepatitis B virus genotype G (HBV-G) infection during the early years of the HIV epidemic in the Netherlands among men who have sex with men

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) variants belong to different genotypes, A-J, whose worldwide distribution is linked with geography, probably because viral spread was associated with ancient human migrations. HBV genot...

Authors: Marion Cornelissen, Fokla Zorgdrager, Sylvia M. Bruisten, Margreet Bakker, Ben Berkhout and Antoinette C. van der Kuyl

HIV infection, viral hepatitis and liver fibrosis among prison inmates in West Africa

Prisoners represent a vulnerable population for blood-borne and sexually transmitted infections which can potentially lead to liver fibrosis and ultimately cirrhosis. However, little is known about the prevale...

Authors: Antoine Jaquet, Gilles Wandeler, Judicaël Tine, Claver A. Dagnra, Alain Attia, Akouda Patassi, Abdoulaye Ndiaye, Victor de Ledinghen, Didier K. Ekouevi, Moussa Seydi and François Dabis

HIV infection is associated with higher levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and eotaxin among people with recent hepatitis C virus infection

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection leads to more rapid progression of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related liver fibrosis, which could be linked to differences in the severity of liver inflammation among ...

Authors: François M. J. Lamoury, Behzad Hajarizadeh, Elizabeth Keoshkerian, Jordan J. Feld, Janaki Amin, Suzy Teutsch, Gail V. Matthews, Margaret Hellard, Gregory J. Dore, Andrew R. Lloyd, Tanya L. Applegate and Jason Grebely

A systematic review of community based hepatitis C treatment

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment uptake globally is low. A barrier to treatment is the necessity to attend specialists, usually in a tertiary hospital. We investigate the literature to assess the effect of pr...

Authors: Amanda J. Wade, Vanessa Veronese, Margaret E. Hellard and Joseph S. Doyle

Relevance of serum interleukin-33 and ST2 levels and the natural course of chronic hepatitis B virus infection

Interleukin-33 (IL-33) and ST2 have been demonstrated to be associated with liver damage. However, their potential value in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains unknown. This study was designed to investi...

Authors: Shu-Ling Huan, Ji-Guang Zhao, Zhen-Li Wang, Shuai Gao and Kai Wang

Hepatitis B in Ghana: a systematic review & meta-analysis of prevalence studies (1995-2015)

Although, chronic hepatitis B (HBV) is considered to be of significant public health importance in Ghana, not many reviews detailing the burden (prevalence) of the disease have been conducted. This study was a...

Authors: Richard Ofori-Asenso and Akosua Adom Agyeman

Impact of chronic hepatitis C on mortality in cirrhotic patients admitted to intensive-care unit

Cirrhosis and severe sepsis are factors associated with increased mortality in intensive care unit (ICU), but chronic hepatitis C (CHC) has been less studied in ICU. The aim of this study was to analyze the im...

Authors: Alejandro Álvaro-Meca, María A. Jiménez-Sousa, Alexandre Boyer, José Medrano, Holger Reulen, Thomas Kneib and Salvador Resino

Hepatitis B infection is highly prevalent among patients presenting with jaundice in Kenya

Viral hepatitis is a major concern worldwide, with hepatitis A (HAV) and E (HEV) viruses showing sporadic outbreaks while hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) viruses are associated with chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis ...

Authors: Missiani Ochwoto, James H. Kimotho, Julius Oyugi, Fredrick Okoth, Henry Kioko, Simeon Mining, Nancy L. M. Budambula, Elizabeth Giles, Anton Andonov, Elijah Songok and Carla Osiowy

Characterization of hepatitis E virus infection in tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri chinensis)

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major cause of hepatitis in developing countries and poses a threat to public health worldwide. Tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri chinensis) is a useful animal model in studies on hepatiti...

Authors: Wenhai Yu, Chenchen Yang, Yanhong Bi, Feiyan Long, Yunlong Li, Jue Wang and Fen Huang

Hepatitis B and C prevalence among hemodialysis patients in the West Bank hospitals, Palestine

Hepatitis B and C virus infection is a lead cause of morbidity and mortality among hemodialysis patients. Yet, little research has focused on the morbidity measures of these serious disorders in low and middle...

Authors: Hamzeh Al Zabadi, Hani Rahal and Rasha Fuqaha

A Public Health initiative on hepatitis E virus epidemiology, safety and control in Portugal – study protocol

The discovery of autochthonous hepatitis E in industrialized countries has changed the understanding of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection in these regions, now known to be mainly due to zoonotic transmission o...

Authors: João R. Mesquita, Mette Myrmel, Kathrine Stene-Johansen, Joakim Øverbø and Maria S. J. Nascimento

Proportion and factors associated with Hepatitis B viremia in antiretroviral treatment naïve and experienced HIV co-infected Ghanaian patients

The global burden of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HIV co-infection is enormous. The risk of developing cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer is associated with HBV DNA levels. The main objective of the study was ...

Authors: Timothy N. A. Archampong, Margaret Lartey, Kwamena W. Sagoe, Adjoa Obo-Akwa, Ernest Kenu, Fizza S. Gillani, Hongmei Yang, Isaac Boamah, Timothy Flanigan and Awewura Kwara

Hepatitis E virus seroprevalence in pregnant women in Jiangsu, China, and postpartum evolution during six years

China is an endemic area for hepatitis E virus (HEV). The previous surveys of anti-HEV seroprevalence are cross-sectional. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of infection among pregnant women and t...

Authors: Guangyu Gu, Hongyu Huang, Le Zhang, Yongchun Bi, Yali Hu and Yi-Hua Zhou

A Birth-cohort testing intervention identified hepatitis c virus infection among patients with few identified risks: a cross-sectional study

International guidelines and U.S. guidelines prior to 2012 only recommended testing for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among patients at risk, but adherence to guidelines is poor, and the majority of those ...

Authors: William N. Southern, Brianna Norton, Meredith Steinman, Joseph DeLuca, Mari-Lynn Drainoni, Bryce D. Smith and Alain H. Litwin

Low prevalence of hepatitis C co-infection in recently HIV-infected minority men who have sex with men in Los Angeles: a cross-sectional study

Geographic and sociodemographic characterization of hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission amongst men who have sex with men (MSM) has been limited. Our aim was to characterize HCV prevalence, risk factors for H...

Authors: Kara W. Chew, Martha L. Blum, Marjan Javanbakht, Laurel E. Clare, Lorelei D. Bornfleth, Robert Bolan, Debika Bhattacharya and Pamina M. Gorbach

Changes in circulating lipids level over time after acquiring HCV infection: results from ERCHIVES

Changes in lipid levels over time after acquiring HCV infection, and how they differ from HCV-uninfected persons are unknown.

Authors: Adeel A. Butt, Peng Yan, Tracey G. Simon, Raymond T. Chung and Abdul-Badi Abou-Samra

Acute Hepatitis E Virus infection with coincident reactivation of Epstein-Barr virus infection in an immunosuppressed patient with rheumatoid arthritis: a case report

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the most recently discovered of the hepatotropic viruses, and is considered an emerging pathogen in developed countries with the possibility of fulminant hepatitis in immunocompromis...

Authors: Detlev Schultze, Bernhard Mani, Günter Dollenmaier, Roland Sahli, Andrea Zbinden and Pierre Alexandre Krayenbühl

A matched cross-sectional study of the association between circulating tissue factor activity, immune activation and advanced liver fibrosis in hepatitis C infection

Tissue factor (TF) is a protein that mediates the initiation of the coagulation cascade. TF expression is increased in patients with poorly-controlled HIV, and may be associated with increased immune activatio...

Authors: Aimee C Hodowanec, Rebecca D Lee, Kirsten E Brady, Weihua Gao, Stacey Kincaid, Jill Plants, Mieoak Bahk, Nigel Mackman, Alan L Landay and Gregory D Huhn

Molecular characteristics of Hepatitis B and chronic liver disease in a cohort of HB carriers from Bamako, Mali

Hepatitis B (HB) infection is common in Mali. However, there is little information on molecular and biochemical characteristics of HB carriers.

Authors: Fatou Traoré, Emmanuelle Gormally, Stéphanie Villar, Marlin D Friesen, John D Groopman, Guy Vernet, Souleymane Diallo, Pierre Hainaut and Moussa Y Maiga

Interleukin-28B gene non-TT allele strongly predicts treatment failure for genotype 1 infected chronic hepatitis C patients with advanced fibrosis: a case control study

The role of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of interleukin (IL)-28B in predicting therapeutic response of pegylated interferon (peg-IFN) plus ribavirin (PR) for genotype 1 infected chronic hepatitis C p...

Authors: Ching-Chih Hu, Chih-Lang Lin, Liang-Che Chang, Cheng-Hung Chien, Li-Wei Chen, Ching-Jung Liu and Rong-Nan Chien

Short-term spontaneous fluctuations of HBV DNA levels in a Senegalese population with chronic hepatitis B

We evaluated the short-term spontaneous fluctuations of HBV DNA and HBsAg levels in Senegalese patients with chronic infection with hepatitis B virus and normal ALT and determined factors related to these fluc...

Authors: Sarah Maylin, Jean-Marie Sire, Papa Saliou Mbaye, François Simon, Anna Sarr, Marie-Louise Evra, Fatou Fall, Jean Daveiga, Aboubakry Diallo, Jean-Marc Debonne, Loic Chartier and Muriel Vray

The long-term immunogenicity of recombinant hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine: contribution of universal HBV vaccination in Italy

Universal hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination of newborn babies was introduced in Italy in 1991 and was extended to 12-years-old children for the first 12 years of application so as to cover in a dozen years t...

Authors: Nicola Coppola, Anna Rita Corvino, Stefania De Pascalis, Giuseppe Signoriello, Eliana Di Fiore, Albert Nienhaus, Evangelista Sagnelli and Monica Lamberti

Hepatitis B screening among Chinese Americans: a structural equation modeling analysis

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) disproportionately affects new immigrants from endemic regions such as China. Untreated infections increase health risks for liver diseases including cancer. Yet most of those infected ...

Authors: Grace X Ma, Guo Yolanda Zhang, Shumenghui Zhai, Xiang Ma, Yin Tan, Steven E Shive and Min Qi Wang

Expression of concern: Prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C infection in Libya: results from a national population based survey

Authors: Philippa K Harris

Hepatitis B vaccine knowledge and vaccination status among health care workers of Bahir Dar City Administration, Northwest Ethiopia: a cross sectional study

Hepatitis B infection is a major public health problem in Ethiopia. Health care workers are at increased risk of acquiring hepatitis B infection due to occupational exposure. There is effective and safe vaccin...

Authors: Gedefaw Abeje and Muluken Azage

Soluble MICB protein levels and platelet counts during hepatitis B virus infection and response to hepatocellular carcinoma treatment

The human major histocompatibility complex class I polypeptide-related sequence B (MICB) is a protein that modulates the NK and T cell activation through the NKG2D receptor and is related to several diseases i...

Authors: Hoang Van Tong, Le Huu Song, Nghiem Xuan Hoan, Bui Khac Cuong, Bui Tien Sy, Ho Anh Son, Do Quyet, Vu Quoc Binh, Peter G Kremsner, Claus Thomas Bock, Thirumalaisamy P Velavan and Nguyen Linh Toan

Achieving sustained virologic response in hepatitis C: a systematic review of the clinical, economic and quality of life benefits

The goal of chronic hepatitis C treatment is to remove the virus to avoid progression of HCV-related disease. Sustained virologic response (SVR) is the most widely used efficacy endpoint in clinical studies of...

Authors: Jayne Smith-Palmer, Karin Cerri and William Valentine

Variations in DEPDC5 gene and its association with chronic hepatitis C virus infection in Saudi Arabia

Variations at DEPDC5 gene have been recently reported as genetic markers associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression in chronic HCV-infected patients. This study was conducted to assess the asso...

Authors: Mashael R Al-Anazi, Sabine Matou-Nasri, Ayman A Abdo, Faisal M Sanai, Mohammed Q Khan, Ali Albenmousa, Hamad I Al-Ashgar, Nisreen Z Khalaf, Mohammed N Al-Ahdal and Ahmed A Al-Qahtani

Genetic variants in antigen presentation-related genes influence susceptibility to hepatitis C virus and viral clearance: a case control study

Genes related to antigen presentation pathway, which are in the non-classical class-II region of human leukocyte antigen (HLA), play a vital role during the infection of hepatitis C virus (HCV).

Authors: Peng Huang, Li Dong, Xiaomei Lu, Yuanyuan Zhang, Hongbo Chen, Jie Wang, Yun Zhang, Jing Su and Rongbin Yu

A novel method for detection of HBVcccDNA in hepatocytes using rolling circle amplification combined with in situ PCR

Intrahepatic hepatitis B virus (HBV) covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) is the original template for HBV replication. The persistence of cccDNA is responsible for the recurrence of HBV infection. The dete...

Authors: Yanwei Zhong, Shuangye Hu, Chen Xu, Yulai Zhao, Dongping Xu, Yanqing Zhao, Jingmin Zhao, Zhibin Li, Xiuchang Zhang, Hongfei Zhang and Jin Li

Bridging the data gaps in the epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection in Malaysia using multi-parameter evidence synthesis

Collecting adequate information on key epidemiological indicators is a prerequisite to informing a public health response to reduce the impact of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Malaysia. Our goal was to ...

Authors: Scott A McDonald, Rosmawati Mohamed, Maznah Dahlui, Herlianna Naning and Adeeba Kamarulzaman

Effectiveness of HCV core antigen and RNA quantification in HCV-infected and HCV/HIV-1-coinfected patients

The measurement of hepatitis C virus core antigen (HCV-coreAg) has been shown to be an indicator of active HCV infection. The aim of the present study was 1) to investigate the stability and effectiveness of H...

Authors: Lu Long, Tao Shen, Jian Gao, Zhaojun Duan, Hua Liang and Fengmin Lu

Health literacy in patients with chronic hepatitis B attending a tertiary hospital in Melbourne: a questionnaire based survey

Current estimates suggest over 218,000 individuals in Australia are chronically infected with hepatitis B virus. The majority of these people are migrants and refugees born in hepatitis B endemic countries, wh...

Authors: Tanya FM Dahl, Benjamin C Cowie, Beverley-Ann Biggs, Karin Leder, Jennifer H MacLachlan and Caroline Marshall

Erythropoietin rs1617640 G allele associates with an attenuated rise of serum erythropoietin and a marked decline of hemoglobin in hepatitis C patients undergoing antiviral therapy

A decline in hemoglobin (Hb) concentration during antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is a serious side effect. It may compel to dose reduction or even termination of antiviral treatment. The activa...

Authors: Ahmad Amanzada, Armin D Goralczyk, Lars Reinhardt, Federico Moriconi, Silke Cameron and Sabine Mihm

Fatigue during treatment for hepatitis C virus: results of self-reported fatigue severity in two Phase IIb studies of simeprevir treatment in patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection

Fatigue is a common symptom of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and a frequent side-effect of peginterferon/ribavirin (PR) therapy for HCV. This study evaluated the impact of adding the oral HCV NS3/4...

Authors: Jane Scott, Kathleen Rosa, Min Fu, Karin Cerri, Monika Peeters, Maria Beumont, Stefan Zeuzem, Donna M Evon and Leen Gilles

Hepatitis A and E seroprevalence and associated risk factors: a community-based cross-sectional survey in rural Amazonia

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) are both transmitted by the faecal-oral route, and represent common causes of acute hepatitis in developing countries. The endemicity of HAV infection has sh...

Authors: Claudia Lamarca Vitral, Mônica da Silva-Nunes, Marcelo Alves Pinto, Jaqueline Mendes de Oliveira, Ana Maria Coimbra Gaspar, Rebeca Cristina Costa Pereira and Marcelo Urbano Ferreira

Hepatitis B virus in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic: a cross sectional serosurvey in different cohorts

Despite hepatitis B vaccination at birth and at 6, 10 and 14 weeks of age, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection continues to be endemic in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic (PDR). We carried out a cross-sectio...

Authors: Antony P Black, Phonethipsavanh Nouanthong, Naphavan Nanthavong, Chanthasone Souvannaso, Keooudomphone Vilivong, Prapan Jutavijittum, Bounthome Samountry, Nina Lütteke, Judith M Hübschen, Sylvie Goossens, Fabrice Quet, Yves Buisson and Claude P Muller

Off-treatment virologic relapse and outcomes of re-treatment in chronic hepatitis B patients who achieved complete viral suppression with oral nucleos(t)ide analogs

The durability of off-treatment virologic responses has not been fully elucidated in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients who have previously achieved complete virologic suppression with nucleos(t)ide analog (NA...

Authors: Hyung Rae Sohn, Bo Young Min, Joon Chang Song, Mun Hyuk Seong, Sang Soo Lee, Eun Sun Jang, Cheol Min Shin, Young Soo Park, Jin-Hyeok Hwang, Sook-Hyang Jeong, Nayoung Kim, Dong Ho Lee and Jin-Wook Kim

Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) and Transient Elastography (TE) for evaluation of liver fibrosis in HIV-HCV co-infected patients

Transient elastography (TE) is widely used for non-invasive assessment of liver fibrosis in HIV-HCV co-infected patients. TE, however, cannot determine liver morphology. Acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI)...

Authors: Nora Frulio, Hervé Trillaud, Paul Perez, Julien Asselineau, Marianne Vandenhende, Mojgan Hessamfar, Fabrice Bonnet, Florent Maire, Jean Delaune, Victor De Ledinghen and Philippe Morlat

Deep sequencing of hepatitis C virus hypervariable region 1 reveals no correlation between genetic heterogeneity and antiviral treatment outcome

Hypervariable region 1 (HVR1) contained within envelope protein 2 (E2) gene is the most variable part of HCV genome and its translation product is a major target for the host immune response. Variability withi...

Authors: Kamila Caraballo Cortés, Osvaldo Zagordi, Karol Perlejewski, Tomasz Laskus, Krzysztof Maroszek, Iwona Bukowska-Ośko, Agnieszka Pawełczyk, Rafał Płoski, Hanna Berak, Andrzej Horban and Marek Radkowski

Clinical features and outcome of acute hepatitis B in pregnancy

The impact of pregnancy on the clinical course of acute hepatitis B (AHB) is still largely unclear, mainly because most studies have not included matched controls. This study was conducted to investigate the c...

Authors: Yong-Tao Han, Chao Sun, Cai-Xia Liu, Shuang-Shuang Xie, Di Xiao, Li Liu, Jin-Hong Yu, Wen-Wen Li and Qiang Li

A systematic review of the epidemiology of hepatitis E virus in Africa

Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) infection is a newly recognized serious threat to global public health and Africa is suspected to be among the most severely affected regions in the world. Understanding HEV epidemiolog...

Authors: Jong-Hoon Kim, Kenrad E Nelson, Ursula Panzner, Yogita Kasture, Alain B Labrique and Thomas F Wierzba

Lower than expected hepatitis B virus infection prevalence among first generation Koreans in the U.S.: results of HBV screening in the Southern California Inland Empire

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is prevalent in Asian immigrants in the USA. California’s Inland Empire region has a population of approximately four million, including an estimated 19,000 first generation K...

Authors: Natali Navarro, Nelson Lim, Jiah Kim, Elliot Joo, Kendrick Che, Bruce Allen Runyon and Michel Henry Mendler

HCV core antigen and HCV-RNA in HIV/HCV co-infected patients with different HCV genotypes

A good correlation between HCV core antigen (HCVAg) and different HCV-RNA assays has been described, but little data are available in HCV/HIV co-infection. We aimed to evaluate HCVAg in comparison with HCV-RNA...

Authors: Anna Rosa Garbuglia, Alessia Monachetti, Claudio Galli, Rosella Sabatini, Monica Lucia Ferreri, Maria Rosaria Capobianchi and Patrizia Bagnarelli

Factors influencing adherence in Hepatitis-C infected patients: a systematic review

Adherence is a crucial point for the successful treatment of a hepatitis-C virus infection. Studies have shown that especially adherence to ribavirin is important.

Authors: Tim Mathes, Sunya-Lee Antoine and Dawid Pieper

Lower ribavirin biodisponibility in patients with HIV-HCV coinfection in comparison with HCV monoinfected patients

In HIV infected patients, the impact of ribavirin (RBV) pharmacology on sustained virologic response (SVR) to hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment has not been fully investigated. The objective of this study was ...

Authors: Giorgiana Hatu, François Bailly, Emmanuel Pourcelot, Pierre Pradat, Patrick Miailhes, Marianne Maynard, François Parant, Pierre Chiarello, Jean-Michel Livrozet, Fabien Zoulim and Marie-Claude Gagnieu

Sero-prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus infection among pregnant women in Bahir Dar city, Northwest Ethiopia: a cross sectional study

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are the two most important agents of infectious diseases. Both HBV and HIV share common modes of transmission and have serious effects on both pre...

Authors: Yohannes Zenebe, Wondemagegn Mulu, Mulat Yimer and Bayeh Abera