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Healthcare-associated infection control

Section edited by Holly Seale

This section aims to publish studies looking at infection prevention and control in the healthcare setting and includes disinfection, sterilization, and antisepsis, alongside hand hygiene, surveillance and other interventions.


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  1. Hand hygiene compliance is the basis of infection control programs. In developing countries models to improve hand hygiene compliance to reduce healthcare acquired infections are required. The aim of this stud...

    Authors: Hang Thi Phan, Hang Thi Thuy Tran, Hanh Thi My Tran, Anh Pham Phuong Dinh, Ha Thanh Ngo, Jenny Theorell-Haglow and Christopher J. Gordon

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:116

    Content type: Research article

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  2. Expressed human milk (EHM) feed preparation areas represent a potential source of unintentional nosocomial infection. Daily disinfection of environmental surfaces remains an essential intervention to mitigate ...

    Authors: Ricky Dippenaar and Johan Smith

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:91

    Content type: Research article

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  4. Nosocomial infections are a major setback in the healthcare delivery system especially in developing countries due to the limited resources. The roles played by medical care equipment and work surfaces in the ...

    Authors: Ivan Sserwadda, Mathew Lukenge, Bashir Mwambi, Gerald Mboowa, Apollo Walusimbi and Farouk Segujja

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:68

    Content type: Research article

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  5. Within the frame of National Epidemiological Surveillance System, family physicians have an obligation to report infections and suspicions cases.

    Authors: Katalin Vraukó, Zoltán Jancsó, László Kalabay, Andrea Lukács, Gabriella Maráczi, Lajos Mester, Anna Nánási, József Rinfel, Tamás Sárosi, Ferenc Tamás, Albert Varga, József Vitrai and Imre Rurik

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:45

    Content type: Research article

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  6. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections continue to be a leading problem in health care facilities worldwide.

    Authors: Nori Yoshioka, Matsuo Deguchi, Hideharu Hagiya, Hisao Yoshida, Norihisa Yamamoto, Shoji Hashimoto, Yukihiro Akeda and Kazunori Tomono

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:19

    Content type: Research article

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  7. The operating room (OR) of the hospital is a special unit that requires a relatively clean environment. The microbial concentration of an indoor OR extrinsically influences surgical site infection rates. The a...

    Authors: Ling Fu Shaw, Ian Horng Chen, Chii Shya Chen, Hui Hsin Wu, Li Shing Lai, Yin Yin Chen and Fu Der Wang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:4

    Content type: Research article

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  8. While research has demonstrated the importance of a clean health care environment, there is a lack of research on the role portable medical equipment (PME) play in the transmission cycle of healthcare-acquired...

    Authors: Chetan Jinadatha, Frank C. Villamaria, John D. Coppin, Charles R. Dale, Marjory D. Williams, Ryan Whitworth and Mark Stibich

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:800

    Content type: Research article

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  9. Nursing home residents are frequently colonized with various strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) but the intra-facility dynamics of strain-specific MRSA remains poorly understood. We aim...

    Authors: Nataliya G. Batina, Christopher J. Crnich and Dörte Döpfer

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:752

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Despite the several strategies available for the management of biofilm-associated ventilator-associated pneumonia, data regarding the efficacy of applying antibiotics to the subglottic space (SS) are scarce. W...

    Authors: María Jesús Pérez-Granda, María Consuelo Latorre, Beatriz Alonso, Javier Hortal, Rafael Samaniego, Emilio Bouza and María Guembe

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:746

    Content type: Research article

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  11. Febrile jaundice results clinically in generalized yellow coloration of the teguments and mucous membranes due to excess plasma bilirubin, accompanied by fever. Two types are found: conjugated and unconjugated...

    Authors: Christelle Luce Bobossi Gadia, Alexandre Manirakiza, Gaspard Tekpa, Xavier Konamna, Ulrich Vickos and Emmanuel Nakoune

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:735

    Content type: Research article

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  12. Infection control remains a key challenge for Tuberculosis (TB) control program with an increased risk of TB transmission among health care workers (HCWs), especially in settings with inadequate TB infection c...

    Authors: Anita Shrestha, Dipesh Bhattarai, Barsha Thapa, Prem Basel and Rajendra Raj Wagle

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:724

    Content type: Research article

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  13. In patients with hemodialysis-associated pneumonia (HDAP), information on both microbiologic features and antimicrobial strategies is limited. The aim of this study is to investigate predictive factors of infe...

    Authors: Jae-Uk Song, Hye Kyeong Park, Hyung Koo Kang and Jonghoo Lee

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:681

    Content type: Research article

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  14. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the most common multidrug-resistant organisms in healthcare settings worldwide, but little is known about MRSA transmission outside of acute healthcare...

    Authors: Nivedita Shankar, Angela Li Ping Chow, Jolene Oon, Li Yang Hsu, Brenda Ang, Junxiong Pang, Paola Florez De Sessions, Balamurugan Periaswamy, Paul A. Tambyah, Desmond B. Teo and Clarence C. Tam

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:678

    Content type: Study protocol

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  15. Environmental cleanliness is one of the contributing factors for surgical site infections in the operating rooms (ORs). To decrease environmental contamination, pulsed xenon ultraviolet (PX-UV), an easy and sa...

    Authors: Lynn El Haddad, Shashank S. Ghantoji, Mark Stibich, Jason B. Fleming, Cindy Segal, Kathy M. Ware and Roy F. Chemaly

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:672

    Content type: Research article

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  16. The emergence of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains is threatening antimicrobial treatment.

    Authors: Sara Giordana Rimoldi, Bernardina Gentile, Cristina Pagani, Annamaria Di Gregorio, Anna Anselmo, Anna Maria Palozzi, Antonella Fortunato, Valentina Pittiglio, Anna Lisa Ridolfo, Maria Rita Gismondo, Giuliano Rizzardini and Florigio Lista

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:666

    Content type: Research article

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  17. Urinary tract infection is the second most common type of infection and the problem is further compounded by the emergence of drug resistance in bacterial uropathogens. The aim of this study was to determine t...

    Authors: Adane Bitew, Tamirat Molalign and Meseret Chanie

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:654

    Content type: Research article

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  18. While a new generation of computational statistics algorithms and availability of data streams raises the potential for recurrently regrounding dynamic models with incoming observations, the effectiveness of s...

    Authors: Anahita Safarishahrbijari, Aydin Teyhouee, Cheryl Waldner, Juxin Liu and Nathaniel D. Osgood

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:648

    Content type: Research article

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  19. The epidemiology of ICU pneumonia caused by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is not fully described, but is urgently needed to support the development of effective inte...

    Authors: Fleur P. Paling, Darren P. R. Troeman, Martin Wolkewitz, Rubana Kalyani, Daniël R. Prins, Susanne Weber, Christine Lammens, Leen Timbermont, Herman Goossens, Surbhi Malhotra-Kumar, Frangiscos Sifakis, Marc J. M. Bonten and Jan A. J. W. Kluytmans

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:643

    Content type: Study protocol

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  20. Device-associated health care-associated infections (DA-HAI) pose a threat to patient safety, particularly in the intensive care unit. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of DA-HAIs, mortality an...

    Authors: Stelios Iordanou, Nicos Middleton, Elizabeth Papathanassoglou and Vasilios Raftopoulos

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:607

    Content type: Research article

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  21. Reduction of accidental contamination of the near-patient environment has potential to reduce acquisition of healthcare-associated infection(s). Although medical gloves should be removed when soiled or touchin...

    Authors: S. Ali and A.P.R. Wilson

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:574

    Content type: Research article

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  22. The Dutch Working Party on Antibiotic Policy is developing a national antimicrobial stewardship registry. This registry will report both the quality of antibiotic use in hospitals in the Netherlands and the st...

    Authors: Marvin AH Berrevoets, Jaap ten Oever, Tom Sprong, Reinier M van Hest, Ingeborg Groothuis, Inger van Heijl, Jeroen A Schouten, Marlies E Hulscher and Bart-Jan Kullberg

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:565

    Content type: Research article

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  23. Bacterial colonisation of the respiratory tract is commonly described and usually thought to be of no clinical significance. The aim of this study was to examine the presence and significance of bacteria and v...

    Authors: C. Raina MacIntyre, Abrar Ahmad Chughtai, Yi Zhang, Holly Seale, Peng Yang, Joshua Chen, Yang Pan, Daitao Zhang and Quanyi Wang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:553

    Content type: Research article

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  24. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of behavior-based interventions are particularly vulnerable to post-randomization changes between study arms. We assess the impact of such a change in a large, multicenter s...

    Authors: Eric T. Lofgren

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:539

    Content type: Research article

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  25. When bacteria colony persist within a biofilm, suitable drugs are not yet available for the eradication of biofilm-producing bacteria. The aim of this study is to study the effect of magnetic nano-particles-in...

    Authors: Chih-Hsiang Fang, Pei-I Tsai, Shu-Wei Huang, Jui-Sheng Sun, Jenny Zwei-Chieng Chang, Hsin-Hsin Shen, San-Yuan Chen, Feng Huei Lin, Lih-Tao Hsu and Yen-Chun Chen

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:516

    Content type: Research article

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  26. Infections with multi drug resistant (MDR) organisms are a major problem in intensive care units (ICUs). Proper infection control procedures are mandatory to combat the spread of resistant organisms within ICU...

    Authors: Kavinda Tissera, Veranja Liyanapathirana, Nilanthi Dissanayake, Vasanthi Pinto, Asela Ekanayake, Manjula Tennakoon, Dinuka Adasooriya and Dulmini Nanayakkara

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:490

    Content type: Research article

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  27. Data to date is far from sufficient to describe the recent epidemiology of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in mainland China. This study aimed to estimate the overall incidence of VAP, with a special foc...

    Authors: Chengyi Ding, Yuelun Zhang, Zhirong Yang, Jing Wang, Aoming Jin, Weiwei Wang, Ru Chen and Siyan Zhan

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:468

    Content type: Research article

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  28. There are substantial differences between the costs of medical masks and N95 respirators. Cost-effectiveness analysis is required to assist decision-makers evaluating alternative healthcare worker (HCW) mask/r...

    Authors: Shohini Mukerji, C. Raina MacIntyre, Holly Seale, Quanyi Wang, Peng Yang, Xiaoli Wang and Anthony T. Newall

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:464

    Content type: Research article

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  29. The purpose of this study was to identify the clinical characteristics and outcomes of peripheral vascular catheter-related bloodstream infections (PVC-BSIs) and determine the risk of severe complications or d...

    Authors: Akihiro Sato, Itaru Nakamura, Hiroaki Fujita, Ayaka Tsukimori, Takehito Kobayashi, Shinji Fukushima, Takeshi Fujii and Tetsuya Matsumoto

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:434

    Content type: Research article

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  30. Healthcare workers in high tuberculosis burdened countries are occupationally exposed to the tuberculosis disease with uncomplicated and complicated tuberculosis on the increase among them. Most of them acquire M...

    Authors: Celso Belo and Saloshni Naidoo

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:408

    Content type: Research article

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  31. We evaluated the effectiveness of targeted antimicrobial prophylaxis in transrectal ultrasound guided prostate biopsy (TRUSP).

    Authors: Teresa R. Zembower, Kelly M. Maxwell, Robert B. Nadler, John Cashy, Marc H. Scheetz, Chao Qi and Anthony J. Schaeffer

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:401

    Content type: Research article

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  32. Nano-scale dendrimers are synthetic macromolecules that frequently used in medical and health field. Traditional anibiotics are induce bacterial resistence so there is an urgent need for novel antibacterial dr...

    Authors: Mitra Gholami, Rashin Mohammadi, Mohsen Arzanlou, Fakhraddin Akbari Dourbash, Ebrahim Kouhsari, Gharib Majidi, Seyed Mohsen Mohseni and Shahram Nazari

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:395

    Content type: Research article

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  33. Patient screening at the time of hospital admission is not recommended as a routine practice, but may be an important strategy for containment of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in hospital settings. We sou...

    Authors: Sara Maghdoori and Seyed M. Moghadas

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:384

    Content type: Research article

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  34. Catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) are associated with high morbidity and mortality as well as increased medical costs. Cancer patients, who are often immunocompromised, are susceptible to CRBSI ...

    Authors: Pankaj G. Vashi, Natasha Virginkar, Brenten Popiel, Persis Edwin and Digant Gupta

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:372

    Content type: Research article

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  35. The clonal spread of multiple drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii is an emerging problem in China. We analysed the molecular epidemiology of Acinetobacter baumanni isolates at three teaching hospitals and inve...

    Authors: Yu jun Li, Chu zhi Pan, Chang quan Fang, Zhu xiang Zhao, Hui ling Chen, Peng hao Guo and Zi wen Zhao

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:371

    Content type: Research article

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  37. Due to the vulnerable nature of its patients, the wide use of invasive devices and broad-spectrum antimicrobials used, the intensive care unit (ICU) is often called the epicentre of infections. In the present ...

    Authors: Carmen Axente, Monica Licker, Roxana Moldovan, Elena Hogea, Delia Muntean, Florin Horhat, Ovidiu Bedreag, Dorel Sandesc, Marius Papurica, Dorina Dugaesescu, Mirela Voicu and Luminita Baditoiu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:358

    Content type: Research article

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  38. Chlorhexidine (CHG) penetrates poorly into skin. The purpose of this study was to compare the depth of CHG skin permeation from solutions containing either 2% (w/v) CHG and 70% (v/v) isopropyl alcohol (IPA) or 2%...

    Authors: A. L. Casey, T. J. Karpanen, B. R. Conway, T. Worthington, P. Nightingale, R. Waters and T. S. J. Elliott

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:350

    Content type: Research article

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  39. Over the past few decades, numerous forecasting methods have been proposed in the field of epidemic forecasting. Such methods can be classified into different categories such as deterministic vs. probabilistic...

    Authors: Farzaneh Sadat Tabataba, Prithwish Chakraborty, Naren Ramakrishnan, Srinivasan Venkatramanan, Jiangzhuo Chen, Bryan Lewis and Madhav Marathe

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:345

    Content type: TECHNICAL ADVANCE

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  40. No guidelines exist on assessing ventilation through air changes per hour (ACH) using a vaneometer. The objective of the study was to evaluate the position and frequency for measuring air velocity using a vane...

    Authors: Miranda Brouwer, Achilles Katamba, Elly Tebasoboke Katabira and Frank van Leth

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:325

    Content type: Research article

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  41. The prophylactic use of antimicrobial agents to prevent infections in non-surgical situations has hardly been investigated. We investigate the extent, indications and appropriateness of antimicrobial prophylax...

    Authors: Jan W. T. Deelen, Caroline E. Visser, Jan M. Prins and Reinier M. van Hest

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:296

    Content type: Research article

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  43. Identification of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) in faecal specimens is challenging. This fact is particularly critical because low-level carbapenem-resistant organisms such as IMP-producing CPE...

    Authors: Norihisa Yamamoto, Ryuji Kawahara, Yukihiro Akeda, Rathina Kumar Shanmugakani, Hisao Yoshida, Hideharu Hagiya, Naohiro Hara, Isao Nishi, Satomi Yukawa, Rumiko Asada, Yumi Sasaki, Kazuhiro Maeda, Noriko Sakamoto, Shigeyuki Hamada and Kazunori Tomono

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:229

    Content type: Research article

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  44. External and intraocular infections can lead to visual impairments, which is a major public health problem. Bacteria are the most frequent pathogens affecting ocular structures; the increasing rate of antimicr...

    Authors: Mebrahtu Teweldemedhin, Muthupandian Saravanan, Araya Gebreyesus and Dawit Gebreegziabiher

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:207

    Content type: Research article

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  45. Preparedness is considered essential for healthcare organizations to respond effectively to outbreaks. In the current study we aim to capture the views of first responders on what they consider key recommendat...

    Authors: Evelien Belfroid, Aura Timen, Jim E. van Steenbergen, Anita Huis and Marlies E. J. L. Hulscher

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:195

    Content type: Research article

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  46. The focus of nursing home infection control procedures has been on decreasing transmission between healthcare workers and residents. Less evidence is available regarding whether decontamination of high-touch e...

    Authors: Christine R. Kovach, Yavuz Taneli, Tammy Neiman, Elaine M. Dyer, Alvin Jason A. Arzaga and Sheryl T Kelber

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:186

    Content type: Research article

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  48. Recent analysis of trends of non-invasive infections with methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), of trends of MRSA infections in outpatient settings and of co-resistance profiles of MRSA isolates are...

    Authors: Jan Walter, Ines Noll, Marcel Feig, Bettina Weiss, Hermann Claus, Guido Werner, Tim Eckmanns, Julia Hermes and Muna Abu Sin

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:169

    Content type: Research article

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  49. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) infections are a serious concern for children admitted to the Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). Tracheal colonization with MDR Enterobacteriaceae predisposes to respiratory infec...

    Authors: Hanna Renk, Lenja Stoll, Felix Neunhoeffer, Florian Hölzl, Matthias Kumpf, Michael Hofbeck and Dominik Hartl

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:163

    Content type: Research article

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  50. Surgical site infections are commonest nosocomial infections and responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality as well as increased hospitalizations and treatment cost related to surgical operations. Th...

    Authors: Tamrat Legesse Laloto, Desta Hiko Gemeda and Sadikalmahdi Hussen Abdella

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2017 17:119

    Content type: Research article

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