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Bacterial and fungal diseases

Section edited by Ivan FN Hung, Jorge Garbino and Kelvin To

This section aims to publish studies looking at all aspects of the prevention, diagnosis and management of bacterial and fungal diseases in humans, as well as related molecular genetics, pathophysiology, and epidemiology. This section includes studies relating to antibiotic resistance and healthcare-associated infections.

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  1. Sepsis is a life-threatening situation, and it can be rendered more severe by coagulopathy. We here examine a novel plasma biomarker for sepsis-induced coagulopathy.

    Authors: Yishan Wang, Huijuan Wang, Chunfang Zhang, Chao Zhang, Huqin Yang, Ruiyue Gao and Zhaohui Tong

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:155

    Content type: Research article

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  2. Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease transmitted to humans through contact with infected animals, animal products or consumption of infected dairy products. Brucella infection during pregnancy is of special interest...

    Authors: Robert Makala, Mtebe V. Majigo, George M. Bwire, Upendo Kibwana, Mariam M. Mirambo and Agricola Joachim

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:152

    Content type: Research article

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  3. Early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis is essential to prevent severe complications and avoid unnecessary use of antibiotics. The mortality of neonatal sepsis is over 18%in many countries. This study aimed to deve...

    Authors: Dominicus Husada, Pornthep Chanthavanich, Uraiwan Chotigeat, Piyarat Sunttarattiwong, Chukiat Sirivichayakul, Krisana Pengsaa, Watcharee Chokejindachai and Jaranit Kaewkungwal

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:151

    Content type: Research article

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  4. Age is a risk factor for infective endocarditis, and almost half of diagnosed patients are age ≥ 60 years. Large national studies have not evaluated inpatient mortality and surgical valvular interventions betw...

    Authors: Ché Matthew Harris, Waseem Khaliq, Aiham Albaeni and Keith C. Norris

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:146

    Content type: Research article

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  5. Pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is an inflammatory disease with increasing incidence. When it occurs with diabetes mellitus (DM), the risk of recurrence and mortality may increase. However, the effect of DM on th...

    Authors: Zhaoqing Du, Xingchen Zhou, Junzhou Zhao, Jianbin Bi, Yifan Ren, Jia Zhang, Yuxin Lin, Zheng Wu, Yi Lv, Xufeng Zhang and Rongqian Wu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:145

    Content type: Research article

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  6. Obligate anaerobes usually account for less than 10% of bacteria recovered from blood cultures (BC). The relevance of routine use of the anaerobic bottle is under debate. The aim of this study was to evaluate ...

    Authors: M. Lafaurie, E. d’Anglejan, J. L. Donay, D. Glotz, E. Sarfati, M. Mimoun, M. Legrand, E. Oksenhendler, M. Bagot, S. Valade, B. Bercot and J. M. Molina

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:142

    Content type: Research article

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  7. Anthrax is an endemic disease that persists in the rural regions of China. The global genetic population structure of B.anthracis has also been defined by the canonical single-nucleotide polymorphisms (canSNP) an...

    Authors: Enmin Zhang, Huijuan Zhang, Jinrong He, Wei Li and Jianchun Wei

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:140

    Content type: Research article

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  8. Scrub typhus is an acute febrile illness caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium, Orientia tsutsugamushi. Immunochromatography (ICT) and IgM ELISA are two of the routinely employed antibody based assays fo...

    Authors: Rajendra Gautam, Keshab Parajuli, Tshokey Tshokey, John Stenos and Jeevan Bahadur Sherchand

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:138

    Content type: Research article

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  9. Currently, Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most important pathogens worldwide, especially for methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) infection. However, few reports referred to patients’ MRSA infections in Yu...

    Authors: Feng Liao, Zhishuo Mo, Wenpeng Gu, Wen Xu, Xiaoqing Fu and Yunhui Zhang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:137

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Salmonellosis remains an important public health problem globally. The disease is among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries that experience poor hygiene and lack of access to ...

    Authors: Fadhili A. Ngogo, Agricola Joachim, Ahmed M. Abade, Susan F. Rumisha, Mucho M. Mizinduko and Mtebe V. Majigo

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:135

    Content type: Research article

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  11. Vertebral osteomyelitis can be attributed to many factors including immunosuppression, diabetes, malignancy, collagen disease, periodontal disease, open fractures, and endoscopic procedures. Anaerobic bacteria...

    Authors: Abhijith Bathini, Christina R. Maxwell, Hirad Hedayat, James Barrett and Zakaria Hakma

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:133

    Content type: Case report

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  12. Coagulase-negative staphylococci belonging to S. haemolyticus, S. hominis subsp. hominis, S. simulans, and S. warneri are often described as etiological factors of infections. Staphylococci are a phylogenetically...

    Authors: Magdalena Szemraj, Magdalena Grazul, Ewa Balcerczak and Eligia M. Szewczyk

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:128

    Content type: Research article

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  13. This study is to elucidate the disinfection effect of ozone producing low-pressure Hg vapor lamps against human pathogens. Ozone producing low-pressure Hg vapor lamps emit mainly 254 nm ultraviolet light C (UV...

    Authors: Wai Szeto, W. C. Yam, Haibao Huang and Dennis Y. C. Leung

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:127

    Content type: Research article

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  14. Paracoccidioidomycosis is a neglected tropical disease, endemic in several countries of South America including Colombia. We report a case of a patient with Chronic Multifocal Paracoccidioidomycosis with long-...

    Authors: Deving Arias Ramos, John Alexander Alzate, Ángela María Giraldo Montoya, Yessica Andrea Trujillo and Leidy Yurany Arias Ramos

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:119

    Content type: Case report

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  15. Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is increasingly being diagnosed in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has been found to possess antifungal activities. We hence aimed to...

    Authors: Kai-Jieh Yeo, Hsin-Hua Chen, Yi-Ming Chen, Ching-Heng Lin, Der-Yuan Chen, Chih-Ming Lai and Wen-Cheng Chao

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:112

    Content type: Research article

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  16. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common cause of morbidity worldwide. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) bacteria are the major cause of urinary tract infections. UPEC strains derive from different phylogene...

    Authors: Belayneh Regasa Dadi, Tamrat Abebe, Lixin Zhang, Adane Mihret, Workeabeba Abebe and Wondwossen Amogne

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:108

    Content type: Research article

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  17. Vibrio spp. are aquatic bacteria that are ubiquitous in warm estuarine and marine environments, of which 12 species are currently known to cause infections in humans. So far, only five human infections with V. ha...

    Authors: Thomas Theo Brehm, Laura Berneking, Holger Rohde, Martin Chistner, Carsten Schlickewei, Meike Sena Martins and Stefan Schmiedel

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:104

    Content type: Case report

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  18. Minimising antimicrobial overuse is needed to limit antimicrobial resistance. There is little evidence on how often microbiological testing informs antimicrobial de-escalation (e.g. stopping, shortening durati...

    Authors: William L. Hamilton, Sacha-Marie Pires, Samantha Lippett, Vikesh Gudka, Elizabeth L. A. Cross and Martin J. Llewelyn

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:102

    Content type: Research article

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  19. Invasive infections caused by Capnocytophaga canimorsus are rare. Immunocompromised patients, who report being bitten by or having a close contact with an animal, represent a high-risk group for this infection. T...

    Authors: Petr Prasil, Lenka Ryskova, Stanislav Plisek and Pavel Bostik

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:100

    Content type: Case report

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  20. The identification of the pathogens in pleural effusion has mainly relied on conventional bacterial culture or single species polymerase chain reaction (PCR), both with relatively low sensitivity. We investiga...

    Authors: Léo Franchetti, Desiree M. Schumann, Michael Tamm, Kathleen Jahn and Daiana Stolz

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:99

    Content type: Research article

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  21. Potentially pathogenic bacteria that colonise the lower genital tract of women in labour can be passed to the baby during birth. While many babies become colonised with these bacteria after delivery, a few dev...

    Authors: Josephine Tumuhamye, Hans Steinsland, James K. Tumwine, Olive Namugga, David Mukunya, Freddie Bwanga, Halvor Sommerfelt and Victoria Nankabirwa

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:98

    Content type: Research article

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  22. Salmonella species commonly causes infection in humans and on occasion leads to serious complications, such as mycotic aneurysms. Here, we present the first case reported of a patient with a mycotic aneurysm like...

    Authors: Jakub Nagrodzki, Katherine E. Sharrocks, Vanessa K. Wong and Andrew J. Carmichael

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:97

    Content type: Case report

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  23. Enterobacter cloacae complex (ECC) is one of the most common extended-spectrum β-lactamase and carbapenemase-producing pathogen that threatens millions of the elderly and vulnerable sick persons. The objective of...

    Authors: Yongxin Zhao, Jisheng Zhang, Yanjun Fu, Chunjiang Li, Kewang Hu, Shanshan Su, Lan Yu, Yuhang Guo, Yu Fu and Xiaoli Zhang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:94

    Content type: Research article

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  24. We compared the cryptococcal antigen detection and imaging findings between immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients in whom pulmonary cryptococcosis had been diagnosed. The aim of our study was to deter...

    Authors: Jingqi Min, Kunlun Huang, Chanmei Shi, Laifu Li, Fuye Li, Tao Zhu and Huojin Deng

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:91

    Content type: Research article

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  25. Plague is a highly fatal disease caused by Yersinia pestis. Late diagnosis hampers disease outcome and effectiveness of control measures, induces death and disease spread. Advance on its diagnosis was the use of ...

    Authors: Minoarisoa Rajerison, Marie Melocco, Voahangy Andrianaivoarimanana, Soloandry Rahajandraibe, Feno Rakotoarimanana, André Spiegel, Maherisoa Ratsitorahina and Laurence Baril

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:90

    Content type: Technical advance

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  26. Outbreaks of acute undifferentiated febrile illness (AUFI) are common in Nepal, but the exact etiology or risk factors for them often go unrecognized. Diseases like influenza, enteric fever and rickettsial fev...

    Authors: Sunil Pokharel, Manan Karki, Bhim Acharya, Baburam Marasini and Amit Arjyal

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:89

    Content type: Research article

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  28. Little is known about the potential use of the eosinophil count as a predictive marker of bloodstream infection. In this study, we aimed to assess the reliability of eosinopenia as a predictive marker of blood...

    Authors: Takanobu Hirosawa, Yukinori Harada, Kohei Morinaga, Hiroshi Takase, Michihiro Nin and Taro Shimizu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:85

    Content type: Research article

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  29. The more quickly bacterial pathogens responsible for foodborne illness outbreaks can be linked to a vehicle of transmission or a source, the more illnesses can be prevented. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) based...

    Authors: Andrea Ottesen, Padmini Ramachandran, Yi Chen, Eric Brown, Elizabeth Reed and Errol Strain

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:83

    Content type: Research article

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  30. Staphylococcus aureus is one of the major causes of bloodstream infections (BSI) worldwide, representing a major challenge for public health due to its resistance profile. Higher vancomycin minimum inhibitory con...

    Authors: Thaina Miranda da Costa, Gabriel Trova Cuba, Priscylla Guimarães Migueres Morgado, David P. Nicolau, Simone Aranha Nouér, Kátia Regina Netto dos Santos and Carlos Roberto Veiga Kiffer

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:74

    Content type: Research article

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  31. Whipple’s disease (WD) is a rare multisystem infectious disorder that is caused by the actinomycete Tropheryma whipplei. It presents with joint pain followed by abdominal pain, diarrhea, malabsorption and finally...

    Authors: Maxim Olivier, Carmelo Licitra, Zachary Field, Li Ge, Dustin Hill, Mario Madruga and S. J. Carlan

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:71

    Content type: Case report

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  32. Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is the most common fungal infection of the central nervous system and has high morbidity and mortality. Almost studies about prognostic factors have largely focused on the immunoco...

    Authors: Chen Zhang, Zheren Tan and Fafa Tian

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:69

    Content type: Research article

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  34. Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a rare and life-threatening necrotizing skin and soft-tissue infection. Infectious pathogens of NF must be detected early and treated rapidly to prevent loss of limb or a fatal ou...

    Authors: Tsung-Yu Huang, Kuo-Ti Peng, Cheng-Ting Hsiao, Wen-Chih Fann, Yao-Hung Tsai, Yen-Yao Li, Chien-Hui Hung, Fang-Yi Chuang and Wei-Hsiu Hsu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:60

    Content type: Research article

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  35. Critically ill patients undergo extensive physiological alterations that will have impact on antibiotic pharmacokinetics. Up to 60% of intensive care unit (ICU) patients meet the pharmacodynamic targets of bet...

    Authors: A. Abdulla, T. M. J. Ewoldt, N. G. M. Hunfeld, A. E. Muller, W. J. R. Rietdijk, S. Polinder, T. van Gelder, H. Endeman and B. C. P. Koch

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:57

    Content type: Study protocol

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  36. Nocardiosis is an uncommon disease caused by aerobic gram-positive bacteria Nocardia spp. Although it is usually an opportunistic infection affecting immunocompromised patients, even one third of cases occur in i...

    Authors: Anna Moniuszko-Malinowska, Piotr Czupryna, Izabela Swiecicka, Henryk Grześ, Agnieszka Siemieniako, Sambor Grygorczuk, Eugeniusz Tarasów and Sławomir Pancewicz

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:56

    Content type: Case report

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  37. Candidaemia is the most common form of invasive candidiasis. Resistant Candida blood stream infection (BSI) is rising, with limitations on the development of broader-spectrum antifungal agents worldwide. Our stud...

    Authors: Namareq F. Aldardeer, Hadiel Albar, Majda Al-Attas, Abdelmoneim Eldali, Mohammed Qutub, Ashraf Hassanien and Basem Alraddadi

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:55

    Content type: Research article

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  38. Ureaplasma urealyticum is a fastidious bacteria which lacks a cell wall. Extragenital infections are rare in immunocompetent adults. There are few literature reports of perinephric abscess. We present a case of n...

    Authors: Carolina Diaz Pallares, Thomas Griener and Stephen Vaughan

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:47

    Content type: Case report

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  39. Acinetobacter baumannii is a gram-negative aerobic bacillus that is commonly causes of hospital-acquired infections. Community-acquired pneumonia caused by Acinetobacter baumannii (CAP-Ab) is rare but fatal if di...

    Authors: Ancong Xu, Hong Zhu, Bingqi Gao, Haixu Weng, Zhangna Ding, Mianmian Li, Xing Weng and Guoxin He

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:45

    Content type: Case report

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  40. In recent decades, there has been a marked increase in the number of reported cases of pertussis around the world, and pertussis continues to be a frequently occurring disease despite an effective childhood va...

    Authors: Khalid Katfy, Idrissa Diawara, Fakhredine Maaloum, Siham Aziz, Nicole Guiso, Hassan Fellah, Bouchra Slaoui, Khalid Zerouali, Houria Belabbes and Naima Elmdaghri

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:43

    Content type: Research article

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  41. Group B Streptococcal (GBS) infections in the United States are a leading cause of meningitis and sepsis in newborns. The CDC therefore recommends GBS screening for all pregnant women at 35–37 weeks of gestati...

    Authors: Tsokyi Choera, Brittney Jung-Hynes and Derrick J. Chen

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:38

    Content type: Research article

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  42. Streptococcus agalctiae (Group B Streptococcus, GBS) is a perinatal pathogen and a leading cause of neonatal infections worldwide. Serotype, sequence type, clonality, antibiotic resistance genes and surface prote...

    Authors: Mucheye Gizachew, Moges Tiruneh, Feleke Moges, Mulat Adefris, Zemene Tigabu and Belay Tessema

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:35

    Content type: Research article

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  43. Vaginal candidiasis is frequent in pregnant women and is associated with sepsis and adverse neonatal outcomes. This study determined the prevalence of candida species in symptomatic pregnant women and evaluated t...

    Authors: Nahed Ghaddar, Elie Anastasiadis, Rawad Halimeh, Ali Ghaddar, Rita Dhar, Wadha AlFouzan, Hoda Yusef and Mira El Chaar

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:32

    Content type: Research article

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  44. Human brucellosis is an infectious zoonotic disease caused by Brucella spp. It is one of the most public health problems that remains largely neglected in developing counties, including Saudi Arabia. Brucellosis ...

    Authors: Abdullah M. Alkahtani, Mohammed M. Assiry, Harish C. Chandramoorthy, Ahmed M. Al-Hakami and Mohamed E. Hamid

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:26

    Content type: Research article

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  45. Despite recent improvement in management, infective endocarditis (IE) continues to be associated with considerable risk of morbidity and mortality. Early identification of predictors of inpatient mortality is ...

    Authors: William Lorson, Michael P. Veve, Eric Heidel and Mahmoud A. Shorman

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:24

    Content type: Research article

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  46. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus continues to inexorably rise in the United States and throughout the world. Lower limb amputations are a devastating comorbid complication of diabetes mellitus. Osteomyeliti...

    Authors: Mary T. Bessesen, Gheorghe Doros, Adam M. Henrie, Kelly M. Harrington, John A. Hermos, Robert A. Bonomo, Ryan E. Ferguson, Grant D. Huang and Sheldon T. Brown

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:23

    Content type: Study protocol

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  47. Brucellosis is one of the most widespread zoonosis in the world. In China, 90% of human brucellosis occurs in six northern agricultural provinces. However, there is a recent increase in the trend of human bruc...

    Authors: Hai-Yan Ye, Fan-Fan Xing, Jin Yang, Simon Kam-Fai Lo, Ricky Wing-Tong Lau, Jonathan Hon-Kwan Chen, Kelvin Hei-Yeung Chiu and Kwok-Yung Yuen

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:22

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  49. Bacillus cereus sometimes causes central nervous system infection, especially in compromised hosts. In cases of meningitis arising during neutropenia, CSF abnormalities tend to be subtle and can be easily overloo...

    Authors: Yusuke Koizumi, Takafumi Okuno, Hitoshi Minamiguchi, Keiko Hodohara, Hiroshige Mikamo and Akira Andoh

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:15

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  50. The development of respiratory infections secondary to Aspergillus spp. spores found ubiquitously in the ambient environment is uncommon in immunocompetent patients. Previous reports of invasive upper airway aspe...

    Authors: Shihan N. Khan, Rashmi Manur, John S. Brooks, Michael A. Husson, Kevin Leahy and Matthew Grant

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:13

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

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