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Bacterial and fungal diseases

Section edited by Ivan FN Hung, Jorge Garbino and Kelvin To

This section aims to publish studies looking at all aspects of the prevention, diagnosis and management of bacterial and fungal diseases in humans, as well as related molecular genetics, pathophysiology, and epidemiology. This section includes studies relating to antibiotic resistance and healthcare-associated infections.

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  1. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) prophylaxis is recommended after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). In patients who are unable to take first-line prophylaxis, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, aero...

    Authors: Wedad B. Awad, Alaa Asaad, Nardin Al-Yasein and Rula Najjar

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:400

    Content type: Research article

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  2. Disseminated cryptococcosis is a well-characterized complication in immunocompromised patients with cryptococcal pneumonia or meningitis; however, isolated cryptococcal osteomyelitis is a rare entity that occu...

    Authors: Takashi Matsuki, Shunsuke Miyamoto and Taku Yamashita

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:399

    Content type: Case report

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  3. Primary aim of this study was to compare cognitive performance of patients with chronic Q fever or Q fever fatigue syndrome (QFS) to matched controls from the general population, while taking performance valid...

    Authors: Daphne F. M. Reukers, Justine Aaronson, Joris A. F. van Loenhout, Birte Meyering, Koos van der Velden, Jeannine L. A. Hautvast, Cornelia H. M. van Jaarsveld and Roy P. C. Kessels

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:397

    Content type: Research article

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  4. Delayed antifungal therapy for candidemia leads to increased mortality. Differentiating bacterial infection from candidemia in systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) patients is complex and difficult. ...

    Authors: So Yeon Park, Jin Seo Lee, Jihyu Oh and Ji-Young Park

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:396

    Content type: Research article

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  5. Talaromyces marneffei is a highly pathogenic fungus that can cause life-threatening fatal systemic mycosis. Disseminated Talaromycosis marneffei affects multiple organs, including the lungs, skin, and reticuloend...

    Authors: Mianluan Pan, Ye Qiu, Wen Zeng, Shudan Tang, Xuan Wei and Jianquan Zhang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:394

    Content type: Case report

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  6. The first yaws eradication campaign reduced the prevalence of yaws by 95%. In recent years, however, yaws has reemerged and is currently subject to a second, ongoing eradication campaign. Yet, the epidemiologi...

    Authors: Clara K. C. Lubinza, Simone Lueert, Luisa K. Hallmaier-Wacker, Esther Ngadaya, Idrissa S. Chuma, Rudovick R. Kazwala, Sayoki G. M. Mfinanga, Klaus Failing, Christian Roos and Sascha Knauf

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:392

    Content type: Research article

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  8. Intracranial infections with Corynebacterium striatum (C. striatum) have been described sporadically in the literature over the last two decades. However, C. striatum meningitis combined with multiple abscesses h...

    Authors: Ming-Jie Zhang, Xiao-Jie Cao, Jin Fan, Ze-Gang Yin and Ke Yu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:389

    Content type: Case report

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  9. A particular ability of the Staphylococcus aureus clonal complex 398 (CC398) to cause bone and joint infections (BJI) remains questionable, since some studies have described high prevalence of MSSA CC398 in prost...

    Authors: Kevin Bouiller, Didier Hocquet, Marlene Sauget, Xavier Bertrand and Catherine Chirouze

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:384

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Clinicians may be less inclined to consider a diagnosis of cryptococcal meningitis in people without HIV infection or transplant-related immunosuppression. This may lead to a delay in diagnosis particularly if...

    Authors: Christopher Polk, Jacqueline Meredith, Alyssa Kuprenas and Michael Leonard

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:381

    Content type: Case report

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  11. Brain abscesses are the rare and most severe form of actinomycosis, which usually manifests as abscesses of the occipital or parietal lobe due to direct expansion from an adjacent area, the oral cavity. In the...

    Authors: Ranjit Sah, Gaurav Nepal, Sanjit Sah, Sonam Singla, Priti Upadhyay, Ali A. Rabaan, Kuldeep Dhama, Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales and Rabindra Ghimire

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:378

    Content type: Case report

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  12. Candida diddensiae, a yeast found in olive oil, is considered non-pathogenic to humans. Here, we describe the first case of fungemia caused by C. diddensiae in a hospitalized patient with underlying diseases.

    Authors: Seong Eun Kim, Sook In Jung, Kyung-Hwa Park, Yong Jun Choi, Eun Jeong Won and Jong Hee Shin

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:377

    Content type: Case report

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  13. Elevated Staphylococcus aureus and oral bacterial concentrations are known to correlate with pneumonia hospitalization in nursing home residents. However, the effects of a professional oral care intervention on t...

    Authors: Tien-Cheng Chiang, Ming-Shyan Huang, Po-Liang Lu, Shun-Te Huang and Ying-Chu Lin

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:374

    Content type: Research article

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  14. Brain abscesses, a severe infectious disease of the CNS, are usually caused by a variety of different pathogens, which include Streptococcus intermedius (S. intermedius). Pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas (PAVFs),...

    Authors: Lu-Yao Gao, Guang-Run Xu and Ting-Jun Dai

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:370

    Content type: Case report

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  15. Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) is one of the most common causes of community acquired pneumonia (CAP). Establishing an early diagnosis of M. pneumoniae pneumonia in patients with acute respiratory distress...

    Authors: Lin Ding, Yu Zhao, Xuyan Li, Rui Wang, Ying Li, Xiao Tang, Bing Sun and Hangyong He

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:367

    Content type: Research article

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  16. Kosakonia cowanii, formerly known as Enterobacter cowanii, is a Gram-negative bacillus belonging to the order Enterobacterales. The species is usually recognized as a plant pathogen and has only anecdotally been ...

    Authors: Benjamin Berinson, Eugen Bellon, Martin Christner, Anna Both, Martin Aepfelbacher and Holger Rohde

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:366

    Content type: Case report

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  17. Reports of human rickettsial infection in Indonesia are limited. This study sought to characterize the epidemiology of human rickettsioses amongst patients hospitalized with fever at 8 tertiary hospitals in In...

    Authors: Dewi Lokida, Usman Hadi, Chuen-Yen Lau, Herman Kosasih, C. Jason Liang, Musofa Rusli, Pratiwi Sudarmono, Nurhayati Lukman, Kanti Laras, Rizka Humardewayantie Asdie, Dewi Murniati, I Made Susila Utama, Risna Halim Mubin, Muhammad Karyana, Muhammad Hussein Gasem and Bachti Alisjahbana

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:364

    Content type: Research article

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  19. Globally, in 2012, about 1.2 million estimated cases were reported with ~ 135,000 deaths annually. In Ethiopia, specifically in our study area, limited information is found on the oropharyngeal carriage, antim...

    Authors: Zelalem Tefera, Feleke Mekonnen, Moges Tiruneh and Teshome Belachew

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:358

    Content type: Research article

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  20. We report a case of subdural empyema in a homeless patient caused by Bartonella quintana. B. quintana is a facultative intracellular bacteria for which bacterial growth is fastidious. The molecular biology approa...

    Authors: Cécile Brin, Wladimir Sougakoff, Franck Bielle, Samya Abi Jaoude, Isabelle Bonnet, Elie Haddad, Eric Caumes and Stéphane Jauréguiberry

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:357

    Content type: Case report

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  21. Mediastinitis caused by hematogenous spread of an infection is rare. We report the first known case of community-acquired mediastinitis from hematogenous origin in an immunocompetent adult. This rare invasive ...

    Authors: Josselin Brisset, Thomas Daix, Jérémy Tricard, Bruno Evrard, Philippe Vignon, Olivier Barraud and Bruno François

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:354

    Content type: Case report

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  22. The aim of the study was to identify the pathogens, in addition to bordetella pertussis (B. pertussis), which cause pertussis-like syndrome in children and to compare clinical presentation between those with B. p...

    Authors: Wenjing Gu, Kun Wang, Xinxing Zhang, Chuangli Hao, Yanhong Lu, Min Wu, Sainan Chen, Yanyu He, Jun Xu, Xuejun Shao and Yuqing Wang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:353

    Content type: Research article

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  23. Eikenella corrodens and Streptococcus anginosus, which are primary colonization bacteria of the normal flora of the oropharynx, are infrequent bacteria, especially the former. Here, we report a case of lung absce...

    Authors: Leihao Hu, Jietao Lin, Jing Li, Yang Cao and Lizhu Lin

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:351

    Content type: Case report

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  24. Purulent pericarditis is an infectious disease, frequently caused by gram-positive bacteria, that is rarely observed in healthy individuals, and is often associated with predisposing conditions.

    Authors: Ilenia Magnani, Alberto Spadotto, Pasquale Paolisso, Alberto Foà, Carlo Savini, Davide Pacini, Carmine Pizzi and Nazzareno Galiè

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:342

    Content type: Case report

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  25. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of patient body mass index (BMI) and estimated creatinine clearance (CrCl) on serum vancomycin concentrations to define a possible optimal dosage regimen in ...

    Authors: Yuyan Pan, Xiaomei He, Xinyu Yao, Xiaofeng Yang, Fengjiao Wang, Xinyuan Ding and Wenjuan Wang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:341

    Content type: Research article

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  26. Antibiotic resistance is an emerging problem caused due to antibiotic use. In countries with high rates of infectious diseases, antibiotic resistance is a frequent cause of mortality. The aim was to analyse an...

    Authors: Anna Damlin, Megha Sharma, Gaetano Marrone and Cecilia Stålsby Lundborg

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:340

    Content type: Research article

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  27. Although C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) are widely used inflammatory markers for infectious diseases, their role and potential application for rickettsioses were rarely studied.

    Authors: I-Fan Lin, Jiun-Nong Lin, Chia-Ta Tsai, Yu-Ying Wu, Yen-Hsu Chen and Chung-Hsu Lai

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:334

    Content type: Research article

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  29. Brain abscess due to the Nocardia genus is rare and usually found in immunocompromised patients. The most common subtype implicated is Nocardia farcinica while brain abscess due to Nocardia brasiliensis is compar...

    Authors: Jian-Wei Zhu, Hui Zhou, Wei-Qiang Jia, Jian You and Ru-Xiang Xu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:328

    Content type: Case report

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  30. Tularemia, a re-emerging, potential life threatening infectious disease, can present itself with nonspecific clinical symptoms including fever, chills and malaise. Taking a detailed history of exposure and a h...

    Authors: Lukas Antonitsch, Gerhard Weidinger, Gerold Stanek and Mateusz Markowicz

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:327

    Content type: Case report

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  31. While there is increasing knowledge about the gut microbiome, the factors influencing and the significance of the gut resistome are still not well understood. Infant gut commensals risk transferring multidrug-...

    Authors: Evelyn Xiu Ling Loo, Amanda Zain, Gaik Chin Yap, Rikky W. Purbojati, Daniela I. Drautz-Moses, Yan Qing Koh, Yap Seng Chong, Kok Hian Tan, Peter D. Gluckman, Fabian Yap, Johan Gunnar Eriksson, Elizabeth Tham, Lynette Pei-chi Shek, Staffan Kjelleberg, Stephan C. Schuster, Ritu Banerjee…

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:312

    Content type: Research article

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  32. Investigating distinct individual- and household-level risk factors for acquiring Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection can inform disease prevention efforts and implicate possible routes of transmission. Thi...

    Authors: Kayla Schacher, Hannah Spotts, Caroline Correia, Sosina Walelign, Mehret Tesfaye, Kassu Desta, Aster Tsegaye and Bineyam Taye

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:310

    Content type: Research article

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  33. Diphtheria outbreaks occurred in endemic areas and imported and indigenous cases are reported in UE/EEA. Because of the high infectiveness and severity of the disease, early and accurate diagnosis of each susp...

    Authors: Aleksandra A. Zasada, Aldona Wiatrzyk, Urszula Czajka, Klaudia Brodzik, Kamila Formińska, Ewa Mosiej, Marta Prygiel, Katarzyna Krysztopa-Grzybowska and Karol Wdowiak

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:308

    Content type: Research article

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  34. It is commonly recommended that microbiological assessment should accompany the use of antibiotics prone to resistance. We sought to estimate the rate of microbiology testing and compare this to dispensing of ...

    Authors: Zhuoxin Peng, Andrew Hayen, Martyn D. Kirk, Sallie Pearson, Allen C. Cheng and Bette Liu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:306

    Content type: Research article

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  35. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analyses are recommended in patients with meningitis and/or encephalitis, but evidence regarding its diagnostic yield is low. We aimed to determine predictors of infectious pathogens ...

    Authors: Tolga Dittrich, Stephan Marsch, Adrian Egli, Stephan Rüegg, Gian Marco De Marchis, Sarah Tschudin-Sutter and Raoul Sutter

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:304

    Content type: Research article

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  36. Estimates of Group B Streptococcus (GBS) disease burden, antimicrobial susceptibility, and serotypes in pregnant women are limited for many resource-limited countries including Kenya. These data are required to i...

    Authors: Salano Clayton Jisuvei, Alfred Osoti and Maina Anne Njeri

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:302

    Content type: Research article

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  37. The prevalence of infections due to carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) is on the rise worldwide. Polymyxins are considered as last-resort drugs for CRAB infections, but there is still controversy...

    Authors: Cheng Lyu, Yuyi Zhang, Xiaofen Liu, Jufang Wu and Jing Zhang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:296

    Content type: Research article

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  38. Studies on bacterial meningitis in diabetics patients versus non-diabetics are scarce. In patients with diabetes, bacterial meningitis may have a different presentation, etiology and course. We analyzed and co...

    Authors: Virginia Pomar, Natividad de Benito, Albert Mauri, Pere Coll, Mercè Gurguí and Pere Domingo

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:292

    Content type: Research article

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  39. Bacterial meningitis remains a major threat for the population of the meningitis belt. Between 2004 and 2009, in the countries of this belt, more than 200,000 people were infected with a 10% mortality rate. Ho...

    Authors: Serge Mazamay, Didier Bompangue, Jean-François Guégan, Jean-Jacques Muyembe, Francis Raoul and Hélène Broutin

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:291

    Content type: Research article

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  40. The diagnosis of human anaplasmosis remains elusive and is probably often missed. This case report highlights the efficacy of molecular diagnostic techniques.

    Authors: Wolfgang Hoepler, Mateusz Markowicz, Anna-Margarita Schoetta, Alexander Zoufaly, Gerold Stanek and Christoph Wenisch

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:288

    Content type: Case report

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  41. Accurate identification Candida is important for successful therapy and epidemiology study. The aim of research is to study API 20C yeast identification system identification rate by using molecular identifica...

    Authors: Yu Shi, Yuxia Zhu, Shangrong Fan, Xiaoping Liu, Yiheng Liang and Yingying Shan

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:287

    Content type: Research article

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  42. Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) may be caused by several allergens. However, to date, HSP caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi has not been reported. Here, we report an unusual rash with features of HSP caused by Orie...

    Authors: Jae Hyoung Im, Suk Jin Choi, Moon-Hyun Chung, Seung Yun Lee, Young Kyoung Park, Hea Yoon Kwon, Ji Hyeon Baek and Jin-Soo Lee

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:286

    Content type: Case report

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  43. Primary care is likely to see the highest number of Lyme disease patients. Despite this, there is limited published data regarding Lyme disease patients accessing primary care in the UK. We aim to describe tre...

    Authors: John S. P. Tulloch, Robert M. Christley, Alan D. Radford, Jenny C. Warner, Mike B. J. Beadsworth, Nick J. Beeching and Roberto Vivancos

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:285

    Content type: Research article

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  44. The spread of Enterobacteriaceae producing both carbapenemases and Mcr, encoded by plasmid-mediated colistin resistance genes, has become a serious public health problem worldwide. This study describes three clin...

    Authors: Pegah Kananizadeh, Satoshi Oshiro, Shin Watanabe, Shu Iwata, Kyoko Kuwahara-Arai, Masahiro Shimojima, Miho Ogawa, Tatsuya Tada and Teruo Kirikae

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:282

    Content type: Research article

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  45. The 13-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV-13) was introduced in the National Immunization Programme (NIP) schedule in Russia in March 2014. Previously, the 7-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV-...

    Authors: V. Vorobieva S. Jensen, A-S Furberg, H-C Slotved, T. Bazhukova, B. Haldorsen, D. A. Caugant, A. Sundsfjord, P. Valentiner-Branth and G. S. Simonsen

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:279

    Content type: Research article

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  46. Understanding potential risks of multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens from the booming poultry sector is a crucial public health concern. Campylobacter spp. are among the most important zoonotic pathogens associa...

    Authors: Sucharit Basu Neogi, Md. Mehedul Islam, S. K. Shaheenur Islam, A. H. M. Taslima Akhter, Md. Mahmudul Hasan Sikder, Shinji Yamasaki and S. M. Lutful Kabir

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:278

    Content type: Research article

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  47. Shigellosis is one of the main diarrhea diseases in developing countries. However, the transmissibility of shigellosis remains unclear.

    Authors: Qi Chen, Jia Rui, Qingqing Hu, Ying Peng, Hao Zhang, Zeyu Zhao, Yeqing Tong, Yang Wu, Yanhua Su, Benhua Zhao, Xuhua Guan and Tianmu Chen

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:272

    Content type: Research article

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  48. Scrub typhus is an acute febrile illness, which was caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi and transmitted through the bite of chiggers. The diagnosis of scrub typhus could be missed diagnosis due to the absence of ...

    Authors: Jie Chen, Xu-dong Zheng, Qi-he Dai, Wei-li Hong, You-peng Li, Rui Chen, Bing-bing Ye, Xiao-jie Mo, Peng Cui and Zhan-wei Ruan

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:270

    Content type: Case report

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  49. The purpose of the study is to discuss the correlation between the resistance rate of gram negative bacteria to fluoroquinolones (FQ) and antibiotic consumption intensity of 145 China tertiary hospitals in 2014.

    Authors: Ping Yang, Yunbo Chen, Saiping Jiang, Ping Shen, Xiaoyang Lu and Yonghong Xiao

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:269

    Content type: Research article

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  50. Leptospirosis is a neglected zoonotic disease which is a major challenge for clinicians and public health professionals in tropical countries. The cytokine storm during the second (immune) phase is thought to ...

    Authors: Indika Senavirathna, Devarajan Rathish and Suneth Agampodi

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2020 20:268

    Content type: Research article

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