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Bacterial and fungal diseases

Section edited by Ivan FN Hung, Jorge Garbino and Kelvin To

This section aims to publish studies looking at all aspects of the prevention, diagnosis and management of bacterial and fungal diseases in humans, as well as related molecular genetics, pathophysiology, and epidemiology. This section includes studies relating to antibiotic resistance and healthcare-associated infections.

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  1. Content type: Research article

    The effectiveness of Helicobacter pylori first-line treatment has decreased drastically with the rise of strains resistant to clarithromycin. Therapy failure has also been described in patients with infections by...

    Authors: Betsy Verónica Arévalo-Jaimes, Diana F. Rojas-Rengifo, Carlos Alberto Jaramillo, Belén Mendoza de Molano, José Fernando Vera-Chamorro and María del Pilar Delgado

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:546

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  2. Content type: Research article

    Clinical microbiology laboratories are asked to process large numbers of urine specimens for culture, but only 20–40% of them are positive. Therefore, a rapid, reliable screening method is necessary to speed u...

    Authors: Jong-Mi Lee, Doo-Jin Baek, Kang Gyun Park, Eunhee Han and Yeon-Joon Park

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:531

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  3. Content type: Case report

    Infective endocarditis (IE) caused by gram-negative bacilli is rare. However, the incidence of this severe infection is rising because of the increasing number of persons at risk, such as patients with immunos...

    Authors: Nicolas Gürtler, Michael Osthoff, Florian Rueter, Daniel Wüthrich, Lukas Zimmerli, Adrian Egli and Stefano Bassetti

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:530

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  4. Content type: Research article

    A cholera outbreak started on 29 February in Bwikhonge Sub-county, Bulambuli District in Eastern Uganda. Local public health authorities implemented initial control measures. However, in late March, cases shar...

    Authors: Paul Edward Okello, Lilian Bulage, Alex Ario Riolexus, Daniel Kadobera, Benon Kwesiga, Henry Kajumbula, Muhamed Mulongo, Eunice Jennifer Namboozo, Godfrey Pimundu, Isaac Ssewanyana, Charles Kiyaga, Steven Aisu and Bao-Ping Zhu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:516

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  5. Content type: Research article

    Monofocal necrotizing fasciitis (MONF) involves a single site in a rapidly progressing infection and necrosis of the fascia and surrounding soft tissue. Synchronous multifocal necrotizing fasciitis (SMNF), the...

    Authors: Ching-Yu Lee, Tsan-Wen Huang, Meng-Huang Wu, Tsung-Jen Huang, Yan-Rong Li, Evelyn Jou-Chen Huang and Yao-Hung Tsai

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:513

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  7. Content type: Research article

    In China multidrug-resistant bacteria pose a considerable threat to public health. Antimicrobial resistance has weakened the effectiveness of many medicines widely used today. Thus, discovering new antibacteri...

    Authors: Chunjiang Zhao, Xiaojuan Wang, Yawei Zhang, Ruobing Wang, Qi Wang, Henan Li and Hui Wang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:508

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  8. Content type: Case report

    Scalp mycosis is often caused by dermatophytes and was so called tinea capitis. There is no published report caused by Aspergillus protuberus. We report a rare case of kerion-type scalp mycosis caused by A. protu...

    Authors: Jinjing Jia, Min Chen, Xiumei Mo, Junfeng Liu, Fenggen Yan, Zhengxiao Li, Shaoqiong Xie and Dacan Chen

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:506

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  9. Content type: Research article

    Urinary tract infection (UTI) is frequently diagnosed in the Emergency Department (ED). Staphylococcus aureus (SA) is an uncommon isolate in urine cultures (0.5–6% of positive urine cultures), except in patients ...

    Authors: Thomas Lafon, Ana Catalina Hernandez Padilla, Arthur Baisse, Lucie Lavaud, Marine Goudelin, Olivier Barraud, Thomas Daix, Bruno Francois and Philippe Vignon

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:504

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  10. Content type: Research article

    Francisella tularensis is the causative agent of tularemia in humans and a large number of animal species. Considering recent evidence of the circulation of this bacterium in different parts of Iran, especially i...

    Authors: Saber Esmaeili, Ahmad Ghasemi, Razi Naserifar, Ali Jalilian, Leila Molaeipoor, Max Maurin and Ehsan Mostafavi

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:502

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  11. Content type: Research article

    There is currently no research on the diagnostic value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for a single pathogens in CSF. The aim of this study was to analyse the value of mNGS for identifying Strept...

    Authors: Xi-xi Zhang, Ling-yun Guo, Lin-lin Liu, Ao Shen, Wen-ya Feng, Wen-hua Huang, Hui-li Hu, Bing Hu, Xin Guo, Tian-ming Chen, He-ying Chen, Yong-qiang Jiang and Gang Liu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:495

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  12. Content type: Research article

    We describe the clinical features of a cohort of patients with liver abscesses and investigate relationships between clinical, radiological and microbiological findings and mortality.

    Authors: Lorna Neill, Frances Edwards, Simon M. Collin, David Harrington, Dominic Wakerley, Guduru Gopal Rao and Alastair C. McGregor

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:490

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  13. Content type: Research article

    There are limited studies focusing on liver abscess with negative microbiological cultures. This study evaluated the clinical and prognostic differences of patients with culture-negative liver abscess (CNLA) c...

    Authors: Jai Hoon Yoon, Youn Jeong Kim and Sang Il Kim

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:488

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  14. Content type: Research article

    Typhoid fever remains a major public health problem in Zimbabwe with recurrent outbreaks reported since 2009. To provide guidance on appropriate treatment choice in order to minimise the morbidity and mortalit...

    Authors: Tapfumanei Mashe, Muchaneta Gudza-Mugabe, Andrew Tarupiwa, Ellen Munemo, Sekesai Mtapuri-Zinyowera, Shannon L. Smouse, Arvinda Sooka, Babill Stray-Pedersen, Anthony M. Smith and Joshua Mbanga

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:487

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  15. Content type: Research article

    The increase in drug resistance to affordable antibiotics used to treat Gram positive bacterial infections has complicated the management of enterococcal infections. Resistance to vancomycin, one of the most p...

    Authors: David P. Kateete, Moses Edolu, Edgar Kigozi, Jeffrey Kisukye, Hannington Baluku, Frank Nobert Mwiine and Christine F. Najjuka

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:486

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  16. Content type: Case report

    Bordetella trematum is an infrequent Gram-negative coccobacillus, with a reservoir, pathogenesis, a life cycle and a virulence level which has been poorly elucidated and understood. Related information is scarce ...

    Authors: Thaís Regina y Castro, Roberta Cristina Ruedas Martins, Nara Lúcia Frasson Dal Forno, Luciana Santana, Flávia Rossi, Alexandre Vargas Schwarzbold, Silvia Figueiredo Costa and Priscila de Arruda Trindade

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:485

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  17. Content type: Research article

    Staphylococcus aureus and beta-hemolytic streptococci (BHS) diseases disproportionately affect populations in middle/low-income countries. To assess if this disparity is reflected in colonization by these organis...

    Authors: Felipe Piedade Gonçalves Neves, Mariel Asbury Marlow, Gabriel Rezende-Pereira, Marcos Gabriel Pinheiro, Allyne Fandino Martinez dos Santos, Maria de Fátima Nogueira de Freitas, Rosana Rocha Barros, Fábio Aguiar-Alves, Claudete Aparecida Araújo Cardoso and Lee Woodland Riley

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:478

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  18. Content type: Case report

    Leptospirosis is one of the leading global zoonotic causes of morbidity and mortality. It is induced by a pathogenic spirochete of the genus Leptospira. The icteric form of leptospirosis is characterized by pr...

    Authors: Alicja J. Kunikowska, Monika Wildgruber, Ewert Schulte-Frohlinde, Tobias Lahmer, Roland M. Schmid and Wolfgang Huber

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:473

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  19. Content type: Case report

    Bicycle-spoke injuries rarely cause late complications of infection, including sepsis and sepsis-associated encephalopathy, with appropriate treatments.

    Authors: Ryuichi Takemoto, Yoshitomo Motomura, Noriyuki Kaku, Yuko Ichimiya, Mamoru Muraoka, Shunsuke Kanno, Tamami Tanaka, Yasunari Sakai, Yoshihiko Maehara and Shouichi Ohga

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:472

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  20. Content type: Research article

    Pulmonary computed tomography (CT) scans are commonly used as part of the clinical criteria in diagnostic workup of invasive fungal diseases like invasive aspergillosis, and may identify radiographic abnormali...

    Authors: Jie Jin, Depei Wu, Yang Liu, Sisi Pan, Jean Li Yan, Jalal A. Aram, Yin-jun Lou, Haitao Meng, Xiaochen Chen, Xian’an Zhang, Ilan S. Schwartz and Thomas F. Patterson

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:471

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  21. Content type: Research article

    Antibiotic resistance due to overuse of antimicrobials is an issue that has been of concern to many health institutions and society in general. Resistant infections have high impact in low income countries sin...

    Authors: Yohana Haile Berhe, Nebyu Daniel Amaha and Amon Solomon Ghebrenegus

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:465

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  23. Content type: Research article

    The emergence of leptospirosis-associated severe pulmonary hemorrhagic syndrome (SPHS) with high case fatality has been reported from many countries. Understanding of clinical disease and sequel of SPHS needs ...

    Authors: Nalaka Herath, Wimalasiri Uluwattage, Theshanthi Weliwitiya, Lilani Karunanayake, Sarath Lekamwasam, Neelakanthi Ratnatunga, Panduka Karunanayake, Sugeesha Wickramasinghe, Sanjitha Patabendi, Suranjith Senaviratne and Suneth Agampodi

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:451

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  24. Content type: Research article

    Brucellosis is an infectious zoonotic disease and is common especially among pastoral communities in most low and middle-income countries. The aim of this study was to determine sero-prevalence, and risk facto...

    Authors: Nuol Aywel Madut, Moses Ocan, Adrian Muwonge, John Bwalya Muma, George William Nasinyama, Jacques Godfroid, Ambrose Samuel Jubara and Clovice Kankya

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:450

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  25. Content type: Research article

    Human pathogens transmitted through environmental pathways are subject to stress and pressures outside of the host. These pressures may cause pathogen pathovars to diverge in their environmental persistence an...

    Authors: Andrew F. Brouwer, Marisa C. Eisenberg, Nancy G. Love and Joseph N.S. Eisenberg

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:449

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  26. Content type: Case report

    Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) forms part of the normal flora of many animals. Although it is a common causative agent of skin and soft tissue infection after an animal bite or scratch, in rare cases it can...

    Authors: Koji Oh, Takafumi Inoue, Toshihiko Saito, Chihiro Nishio and Hiroki Konishi

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:448

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  27. Content type: Research article

    Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) infection is a common medical problem in resource limited areas. The treatment outcome after triple therapy has not been well studied in developing countries and preliminary data su...

    Authors: Hyasinta Jaka, Andreas Mueller, Christa Kasang and Stephen E. Mshana

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:447

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  28. Content type: Research article

    Candidaemia is associated with high mortality. Variables associated with mortality have been published previously, but not developed into a risk predictive model for mortality. We sought to describe the curren...

    Authors: C. Keighley, S. C-A. Chen, D. Marriott, A. Pope, B. Chapman, K. Kennedy, N. Bak, N. Underwood, H. L. Wilson, K. McDonald, J. Darvall, C. Halliday, S. Kidd, Q. Nguyen, K. Hajkowicz, T. C. Sorrell…

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:445

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  29. Content type: Research article

    Brucellosis has extensive clinical spectrum, clinicians have insufficient understanding of the disease, and the misdiagnosis rate is still high. By collecting and analyzing the clinical characteristics of pati...

    Authors: Wenhui Jiang, Jiwang Chen, Qian Li, Lisheng Jiang, Yanxin Huang, Yinghua Lan and Yongguo Li

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:439

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  30. Content type: Research article

    Gram-positive organisms are a leading cause of infection in cardiovascular surgery. Furthermore, these patients have a high risk of developing postoperative renal failure in intensive care unit (ICU). Some ant...

    Authors: Philippe Gaudard, Marine Saour, David Morquin, Hélène David, Jacob Eliet, Maxime Villiet, Jean-Pierre Daures and Pascal Colson

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:438

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  31. Content type: Research article

    Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a common cause of bacteremia, which leads to significant morbidity and mortality. We investigated the relationship between time to positivity (TTP) and clinical outcomes in ch...

    Authors: Yuanyuan Li, Qinyuan Li, Guangli Zhang, Huan Ma, Yi Wu, Qian Yi, Lili Jiang, Jiao Wan, Fengtao Suo and Zhengxiu Luo

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:437

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  32. Content type: Research article

    Four species within Anaplasma genus are emerging zoonotic pathogens, which are transmitted by ticks and generate veterinary and public health concerns. Here, we performed a molecular survey of Anaplasma in Ankang...

    Authors: Wen-Ping Guo, Bing Zhang, Yi-Han Wang, Gang Xu, Xiaoquan Wang, Xuebing Ni and En-Min Zhou

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:434

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  34. Content type: Research article

    Determining the etiology of pneumonia is essential to guide public health interventions. Diagnostic test results, including from polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays of upper respiratory tract specimens, hav...

    Authors: Ying Lu, Lawrence Joseph, Patrick Bélisle, Pongpun Sawatwong, Anchalee Jatapai, Toni Whistler, Somsak Thamthitiwat, Wantana Paveenkittiporn, Supphacoke Khemla, Chris A. Van Beneden, Henry C. Baggett and Christopher J. Gregory

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:423

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  35. Content type: Research article

    Urinary tract infection is an infection affecting infants and children. The aim of this study was to determine the etiology of urinary tract infection along with their antimicrobial resistance.

    Authors: Rabina Ganesh, Dhiraj Shrestha, Balkrishna Bhattachan and Ganesh Rai

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:420

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  36. Content type: Research article

    In Ethiopia, morbidity and mortality due to diarrhea is significantly high. Most importantly, burden of diarrhea is disproportionately high among under-five children. Therefore, the objective of this study was...

    Authors: Amare Belachew Dagnew, Tilahun Tewabe, Yihun Miskir, Tariku Eshetu, Wosin Kefelegn, Kidanu Zerihun, Mekonnen Urgessa and Tiruha Teka

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:417

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  37. Content type: Research article

    Establishing epidemiological models and conducting predictions seems to be useful for the prevention and control of human brucellosis. Autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models can capture the lo...

    Authors: Wei Wu, Shu-Yi An, Peng Guan, De-Sheng Huang and Bao-Sen Zhou

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:414

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  39. Content type: Research article

    Implementation of sputum Gram stain in the initial assessment of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) patients is still controversial. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the useful...

    Authors: Gaspar Del Rio-Pertuz, Juan F. Gutiérrez, Abel J. Triana, Jorge L. Molinares, Andrea B. Robledo-Solano, José L. Meza, Orlando M. Ariza-Bolívar, Jorge Acosta-Reyes, Argenis Garavito, Diego Viasus and Jordi Carratalà

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:403

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  40. Content type: Research article

    There have been no reports regarding clinical features and molecular characteristics of childhood methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) infections in Taiwan.

    Authors: Yu-Jen Chen, Po-An Chen, Chih-Jung Chen and Yhu-Chering Huang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:402

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  41. Content type: Case report

    Leptospirosis or Weil’s disease is caused by pathogenic spirochete bacteria called Leptospira. It is considered the most common zoonosis in the world and is usually transmitted by urine of rodents and dogs with a...

    Authors: Alexander Maier, Rafael Kaeser, Robert Thimme and Tobias Boettler

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:395

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  42. Content type: Case report

    Ewingella americana (Ea) is a Gram-negative, lactose-fermenting, oxidase-negative and catalase-positive bacterium that was first described in 1983 as a new genus and species in the family Enterobacteriaceae. It i...

    Authors: Susanna Esposito, Francesco Miconi, Daniela Molinari, Emanuela Savarese, Federica Celi, Livio Marchese, Sara Valloscuro, Giovanni Miconi and Nicola Principi

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:386

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  43. Content type: Research article

    An outbreak of Candida auris began globally in 2014 including Pakistan and since then it has emerged as a nosocomial multi-drug resistant pathogen. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical spectrum and ou...

    Authors: Muneeba Ahsan Sayeed, Joveria Farooqi, Kausar Jabeen, Safia Awan and Syed Faisal Mahmood

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:384

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  44. Content type: Research article

    Climate change is expected to increase the chance of extreme rainfall events in the Northern Hemisphere and herewith, there is an increased chance of urban pluvial flooding. Urban pluvial flooding often consis...

    Authors: Annemieke Christine Mulder, Roan Pijnacker, Heleen de Man, Jan van de Kassteele, Wilfrid van Pelt, Lapo Mughini-Gras and Eelco Franz

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:377

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  45. Content type: Research article

    Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common bacterial infections. High recurrence rates and the increasing antibiotic resistance among uropathogens constitute a large social and economic problem...

    Authors: Urszula Wnorowska, Ewelina Piktel, Bonita Durnaś, Krzysztof Fiedoruk, Paul B. Savage and Robert Bucki

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:369

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  46. Content type: Research article

    Whilst previous work has identified clustering of the active trachoma sign “trachomatous inflammation—follicular” (TF), there is limited understanding of the spatial structure of trachomatous trichiasis (TT), ...

    Authors: Rebecca Mann Flueckiger, Emanuele Giorgi, Jorge Cano, Mariamo Abdala, Olga Nelson Amiel, Gilbert Baayenda, Ana Bakhtiari, Wilfrid Batcho, Kamal Hashim Bennawi, Michael Dejene, Balgesa Elkheir Elshafie, Aba Ange Elvis, Missamou François, André Goepogui, Khumbo Kalua, Biruck Kebede…

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:364

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  47. Content type: Research article

    Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that is widely identified worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the phenotypic characterization and molecular typing of Clostridium difficile is...

    Authors: Parisa Shoaei, Hasan Shojaei, Mohammad Jalali, Farzin Khorvash, Sayed Mohsen Hosseini, Behrooz Ataei, Bahareh Vakili, Fatemeh Ebrahimi, Hossein Tavakoli, Zahra Esfandiari and J. Scott Weese

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:361

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  48. Content type: Case report

    Necrotizing fasciitis is a deep infection of the fascia and subcutaneous tissue with a high mortality rate. Meningitis is an infection of the membranes surrounding the brain with a likewise high mortality rate. S...

    Authors: Nichlas Hovmand, Sarah Byberg, Morten Bo Larsen, Daria Podlekareva, David Levarett Buck and Birgitte Rønde Hansen

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:358

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  49. Content type: Research article

    In developing countries particularly in sub-Saharan Africa trachoma is still a public health concern. Ethiopia is the most affected of all and bears the highest burden of active trachoma. In spite of this, the...

    Authors: Kemal Kassim, Jeylan Kassim, Rameto Aman, Mohammedawel Abduku, Mekonnen Tegegne and Biniyam Sahiledengle

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:353

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  50. Content type: Case report

    Brevibacteria are obligate aerobic gram-positive rods that are associated with milk products and are also found on human skin. Brevibacterium has been reported as a rare cause of catheter related blood steam infe...

    Authors: Nobuhiro Asai, Hiroyuki Suematsu, Atsuko Yamada, Hiroki Watanabe, Naoya Nishiyama, Daisuke Sakanashi, Hideo Kato, Arufumi Shiota, Mao Hagihara, Yusuke Koizumi, Yuka Yamagishi and Hiroshige Mikamo

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2019 19:344

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