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Bacterial and fungal diseases

Section edited by Ivan FN Hung, Jorge Garbino and Kelvin To

This section aims to publish studies looking at all aspects of the prevention, diagnosis and management of bacterial and fungal diseases in humans, as well as related molecular genetics, pathophysiology, and epidemiology. This section includes studies relating to antibiotic resistance and healthcare-associated infections.

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  1. Content type: Study protocol

    Pneumonia is the leading infectious cause of death in children under 5 years of age around the globe. In addition to preventing pneumonia, there is a critical need to provide greater access to appropriate and ...

    Authors: Amy Sarah Ginsburg, Susanne J. May, Evangelyn Nkwopara, Gwen Ambler, Eric D. McCollum, Tisungane Mvalo, Ajib Phiri, Norman Lufesi and Salim Sadruddin

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:476

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  2. Content type: Case report

    Trichosporon species may colonize the skin, respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract of human beings. The yeast is recognized as etiological agent of white piedra, a superficial mycosis. Nevertheless, immunoc...

    Authors: Eveline Pipolo Milan, Walicyranison Plinio Silva-Rocha, Jéssica Jacinto Salviano de Almeida, Tatiane Uetti Gomes Fernandes, André Luciano de Araújo Prudente, Matheus Firmino de Azevedo, Elaine Cristina Francisco, Analy Salles de Azevedo Melo, Arnaldo Lopes Colombo and Guilherme Maranhão Chaves

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:470

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  4. Content type: Research article

    Most guidelines recommend 6 to 12 weeks of parenteral antibiotic treatment for pyogenic spondylodiscitis. When surgical debridement is adequately performed, further intravenous antibiotic treatment duration ca...

    Authors: Yun-Da Li, Chak-Bor Wong, Tsung-Ting Tsai, Po-Liang Lai, Chi-Chien Niu, Lih-Huei Chen and Tsai-Sheng Fu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:468

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  5. Content type: Research article

    Helicobacter pylori is a major aetiologic agent associated with gastritis. H. pylori infections increase the expression of the Toll-like receptor (TLR), which in turn modulates the expression of microRNA (miRNA)-...

    Authors: Ana Caren Cortés-Márquez, Sandra Mendoza-Elizalde, Francisco Arenas-Huertero, Jimena Trillo-Tinoco, Pedro Valencia-Mayoral, Alejandra Consuelo-Sánchez, Jonathan Zarate-Franco, Ada Ruth Dionicio-Avendaño, José de Jesús Herrera-Esquivel, Elio Germán Recinos-Carrera, Christian Colín-Valverde, Sandra Rivera-Gutiérrez, Alfonso Reyes-López, Juan Carlos Vigueras-Galindo and Norma Velázquez-Guadarrama

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:463

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  6. Content type: Research article

    Multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction assays have improved diagnostic sensitivity for a wide range of pathogens. However, co-detection of multiple agents and bacterial colonization make it difficult to...

    Authors: Clarence C. Tam, Vittoria Offeddu, Kathryn B. Anderson, Alden L. Weg, Louis R. Macareo, Damon W. Ellison, Ram Rangsin, Stefan Fernandez, Robert V. Gibbons, In-Kyu Yoon and Sriluck Simasathien

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:462

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  7. Content type: Research article

    Microbial contamination of hospital environment, especially in operating theatres (OT) and other specialized units has greatly contributed to continuous and multiple exposure to nosocomial infections by patien...

    Authors: Sandra Matinyi, Muwanguzi Enoch, Deborah Akia, Valentine Byaruhanga, Edson Masereka, Isaac Ekeu and Collins Atuheire

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:460

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  8. Content type: Case report

    Burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis, which is a potentially life threatening disease endemic in Southeast Asian countries. In Malaysia, cystic fibrosis (CF) is an uncommon condition. T...

    Authors: Vanitha Mariappan, Surendran Thavagnanam, Kumutha Malar Vellasamy, Cindy Ju Shuan Teh, Nadia Atiya, Sasheela Ponnampalavanar and Jamuna Vadivelu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:455

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  9. Content type: Case report

    Members of Shewanella species are opportunistic pathogens that are found in marine environments. Currently more than sixty species have been identified, whereas the most commonly clinical cases associated with Sh...

    Authors: Furong Zhang, Yujie Fang, Feng Pang, Shengnan Liang, Xin Lu, Biao Kan, Jianguo Xu, Jinxing Zhao, Yinju Du and Duochun Wang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:454

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  10. Content type: Case report

    Melioidosis is endemic in Southeast Asia and northern Australia. Infection usually follows percutaneous inoculation or inhalation or ingestion of the causative bacterium, Burkholderia pseudomallei, which is prese...

    Authors: X. Y. Li, B. X. Ke, C. N. Chen, H. L. Xiao, M. Z. Liu, Y. C. Xiong, R. Bai, J. D. Chen and C. W. Ke

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:452

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  12. Content type: Research article

    Chronic rhinosinusitis is an inflammatory disorder in which the role of bacteria remains uncertain. While sinus outflow obstruction is often an initiating event, mucosal inflammation and dysbiosis may persist ...

    Authors: Ioannis Koutsourelakis, Ashleigh Halderman, Syed Khalil, Lauren E. Hittle, Emmanuel F. Mongodin and Andrew P. Lane

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:441

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  13. Content type: Research article

    Psittacosis outbreak investigations require rapid identification of cases in order to trace possible sources and perform public health risk assessments. In recent outbreaks in the Netherlands, such investigati...

    Authors: Annelies A. Nieuwenhuizen, Frederika Dijkstra, Daan W. Notermans and Wim van der Hoek

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:442

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  14. Content type: Research article

    To compare the risk of severe hepatotoxicity with anidulafungin versus caspofungin and micafungin in hospitalized adults.

    Authors: Francis Vekeman, Lisa Weiss, Jalal Aram, Raluca Ionescu-Ittu, Shahrzad Moosavi, Yongling Xiao, Wendy Y. Cheng, Rachel H. Bhak, Margaret Tawadrous, M. Rita Capparella, Philippe Montravers and Mei Sheng Duh

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:438

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  15. Content type: Research article

    Streptococcus pneumoniae is a commensal of the human upper respiratory tract and a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. This paper presents the distribution of serotypes and antimicrobial resistance ...

    Authors: Rachid Y. Yahiaoui, Hester J. Bootsma, Casper D. J. den Heijer, Gerlinde N. Pluister, W. John Paget, Peter Spreeuwenberg, Krzysztof Trzcinski and Ellen E. Stobberingh

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:440

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  16. Content type: Case report

    Septic cardiomyopathy represents cardiac impairment in sepsis and is a part of systemic involvement in sepsis. Cytokine storm is responsible for septic shock and for myocardial dysfunction of potentially rever...

    Authors: Andreja Sinkovic, Barbara Kit and Andrej Markota

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:433

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  17. Content type: Research article

    Increasing numbers of refractory or severe, even fatal, cases of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections have been reported in recent years. Excessive inflammatory responses play a vital role in the pathogenesis of refr...

    Authors: Ying Ding, Chu Chu, Yuqin Li, Gen Li, Xiaoli Lei, Weifang Zhou and Zhengrong Chen

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:439

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  18. Content type: Research article

    Necrotizing soft tissue infection is the most serious of all soft tissue infections. The patient’s life is dependent on prompt diagnosis and aggressive treatment. Diagnostic delays are related to increased mor...

    Authors: Annette Erichsen Andersson, Ingrid Egerod, Vibeke E. Knudsen and Ann-Mari Fagerdahl

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:429

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  19. Content type: Research article

    Oxidative stress is a modifiable risk-factor in infection causing damage to human cells. As an adaptive response, cells catabolize Tyrosine to 3-Nitrotyrosine (Tyr-NO2) by nitrosylation. We investigated whethe...

    Authors: Thomas Baumgartner, Giedré Zurauskaité, Yannick Wirz, Marc Meier, Christian Steuer, Luca Bernasconi, Andreas Huber, Mirjam Christ-Crain, Christoph Henzen, Claus Hoess, Robert Thomann, Werner Zimmerli, Beat Mueller and Philipp Schuetz

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:423

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  21. Content type: Research article

    Over the last two decades intra-aural tick infestation (otoacariasis) has been a common occurrence in the hilly central region in Sri Lanka. Very occasional detection of isolated unilateral facial nerve palsy ...

    Authors: Senanayake A. M. Kularatne, Ranjan Fernando, Sinnadurai Selvaratnam, Chandrasiri Narampanawa, Kosala Weerakoon, Sujanthe Wickramasinghe, Manoji Pathirage, Vajira Weerasinghe, Anura Bandara and Jayanthe Rajapakse

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:418

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  22. Content type: Research article

    Haemophilus influenzae (H. influenzae) is one of the most important pathogenic bacteria causing respiratory tract infection diseases in children. There are two main types of H. influenzae, encapsulated H. influen...

    Authors: Xingli Fan, Xiaoxiang Liu, Lei Ji, Damin Cai, Jinqin Jiang, Jingjing Zhu, Aihua Sun and Jie Yan

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:414

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  24. Content type: Case report

    Post cardiac surgery mediastinitis is the major infectious complication, despite the development of surgical techniques and the application of strict preventive measures.

    Authors: Badia Belarj, Souhail Dahraoui, Leila Rar, Noureddine Atmani, Mohammed Frikh, Yassine Ben Lahlou, Adil Maleb, Abdelhay Lemnouer, Mahdi Ait Houssa, Abdelatif Boulahya and Mostafa Elouennass

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:407

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  25. Content type: Software

    Bacterial meningitis is a life-threatening infection that remains a public health concern. Bacterial meningitis is commonly caused by the following species: Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Liste...

    Authors: Nadav Topaz, Dave Boxrud, Adam C. Retchless, Megan Nichols, How-Yi Chang, Fang Hu and Xin Wang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:405

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  26. Content type: Research article

    Yersinia pestis is a contributing agent to the epidemic disease, plague, which killed an estimated 200 million people during historical times. In this study, a rapid, cheap, sensitive, and specific technique, the...

    Authors: Hui-Ling Hsu, Chuan-Chang Chuang, Chung-Chih Liang, Der-Jiang Chiao, Hsueh-Ling Wu, Yu-Ping Wu, Feng-Ping Lin and Rong-Hwa Shyu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:402

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  27. Content type: Case report

    Helcococcus ovis, belonging to the genus of Helcococcu in Peptostreptococcaceae, is one kind of facultative anaerobic and gram-positive cocci, which was first isolated from a mixed infection in sheep in 1999. To ...

    Authors: Liyan Mao, Zhongju Chen, Yanfang Lu, Jing Yu, Yu Zhou, Qun Lin, Ying Luo and Ziyong Sun

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:401

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  28. Content type: Research article

    Between November 2013 and June 2014, 56 cases of bacteremia (15 deaths) associated with the use of Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) and/or calcium gluconate (CG) were reported in four Brazilian states.

    Authors: Marcelo Pillonetto, Lavinia Arend, Suzie M. T. Gomes, Marluce A. A. Oliveira, Loeci N. Timm, Andreza F. Martins, Afonso L. Barth, Alana Mazzetti, Lena Hersemann, Theo H. M. Smits, Marcelo T. Mira and Fabio Rezzonico

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:397

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  29. Content type: Research article

    Fungal bloodstream infections (BSI) may be serious and are associated with drastic rise in mortality and health care costs. Candida spp. are the predominant etiological agent of fungal sepsis. The prompt and spec...

    Authors: Gabor Fidler, Eva Leiter, Sandor Kocsube, Sandor Biro and Melinda Paholcsek

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:393

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  30. Content type: Research article

    The bicomponent leukotoxins and the pyrogenic toxin superantigens (PTSAgs) are important virulence factors of Staphylococcus aureus. It is necessary to survey the prevalence and expression of these toxin-encoding...

    Authors: Chunyan He, Su Xu, Huanqiang Zhao, Fupin Hu, Xiaogang Xu, Shu Jin, Han Yang, Fang Gong and Qingzhong Liu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:395

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  31. Content type: Case report

    Talaromyces marneffei (T. marneffei) is a thermal dimorphic pathogenic fungus that often causes fatal opportunistic infections in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. Although T. marneffei-infect...

    Authors: Xiaoming Yu, Keji Miao, Changsheng Zhou, Yuelin Cai, Xiaoying Huang, Yanfan Chen, Mayun Chen, Hui Cai and Lin Zhang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:390

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  32. Content type: Research article

    Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (SAB) causes considerable morbidity and mortality in children. Despite this, its epidemiology and risk factors are poorly understood, with minimal paediatric clinical trial data ...

    Authors: Alasdair P. S. Munro, Christopher C. Blyth, Anita J. Campbell and Asha C. Bowen

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:387

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  33. Content type: Research article

    Several studies have evaluated the impact of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) combined with antimicrobial stewardship in patients with positive bloo...

    Authors: Yong Duk Jeon, Hye Seong, Dokyun Kim, Mi Young Ahn, In Young Jung, Su Jin Jeong, Jun Yong Choi, Young Goo Song, Dongeun Yong, Kyungwon Lee, June Myung Kim and Nam Su Ku

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:385

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  34. Content type: Study protocol

    The emergence and spread of antibiotic resistant micro-organisms is a global concern, which is largely attributable to inaccurate prescribing of antibiotics to patients presenting with non-bacterial infections...

    Authors: C. B. van Houten, K. Oved, E. Eden, A. Cohen, D. Engelhard, S. Boers, R. Kraaij, R. Karlsson, D. Fernandez, E. Gonzalez, Y. Li, A. Stubbs, E. R. B. Moore, J. P. Hays and L. J. Bont

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:377

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  35. Content type: Case report

    Hypervirulent strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae are a recognized cause of a distinct invasive syndrome that results in pyogenic liver abscesses and metastatic complications, particularly in the Asia Pacific region...

    Authors: Emma Sturm, Alex Tai, Belinda Lin, Jason Kwong, Eugene Athan, Benjamin P. Howden, Richard D. Angliss, Rafik Asaid and James Pollard

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:380

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  36. Content type: Research article

    In spite of a local favorable environment, leptospirosis has never been described in Central African Republic so far mainly because of the weakness of diagnostic tests and differential diagnostic strategy for ...

    Authors: Pierre-Alain Rubbo, Marie-Estelle Soupé-Gilbert, Davy Martial Golongba, Florent Mbombo, Dominique Girault, Emmanuel Nakouné, Jean-Pierre Lombart, Sébastien Breurec and Cyrille Goarant

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:376

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  37. Content type: Case report

    Talaromyces marneffei, is an opportunistic pathogenic fungus that is most commonly reported in Southeast Asia and disseminated T.marneffei infection predominantly occurs in patients with immunodeficiency. With a ...

    Authors: Yi-Min Zhu, Jing-Wen Ai, Bin Xu, Peng Cui, Qi Cheng, Honglong Wu, Yi-Yi Qian, Hao-Cheng Zhang, Xian Zhou, Li Xing, Renhua Wu, Yongjun Li and Wen-Hong Zhang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:379

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  38. Content type: Research article

    With the increasing incidence of scrub typhus in recent years, it is of great value to analyse the spatial and temporal distribution of scrub typhus by applying micro-geographical studies at a reasonably fine ...

    Authors: Huiyan Yu, Changkui Sun, Wendong Liu, Zhifeng Li, Zhongming Tan, Xiaochen Wang, Jianli Hu, Shanqiu Shi and Changjun Bao

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:372

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  39. Content type: Research article

    Colonisation with Panton-Valentine Leukocidin expressing strains of Staphylococcus aureus (PVL + SA) is characterised by recurrent skin and soft tissue infections. While periorbital and orbital infections are com...

    Authors: Pia-Alice Hoppe, Leif G. Hanitsch, Rasmus Leistner, Michaela Niebank, Christoph Bührer, Horst von Bernuth and Renate Krüger

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:371

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  40. Content type: Case report

    Aspergillosis is a serious infection particularly affecting the immunodeficient host. Its co-infection with tuberculosis and cytomegalovirus has not been reported before. Embolic events are well recognized wit...

    Authors: Harsha Anuruddhika Dissanayake, Praveen Nilendra Weeratunga, Panduka Karunanayake, Rushika D. Lanerolle, M. V. Chandu de Silva and Saroj Jayasinghe

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:367

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  42. Content type: Research article

    An adjunctive topical therapy with gentamicin-sponges to systemic antibiotic therapy might improve the healing of infected diabetic foot ulcers (DFUI).

    Authors: Ilker Uçkay, Benjamin Kressmann, Sarah Malacarne, Anna Toumanova, Jaafar Jaafar, Daniel Lew and Benjamin A. Lipsky

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:361

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  43. Content type: Case report

    Clostridium ramosum is a generally non-pathogenic enteric anaerobe, and Fournier’s gangrene is a rare necrotizing soft tissue infection with male predisposition affecting the perineum and the genital area. We rep...

    Authors: Noriyoshi Takano, Midori Sasaki Yatabe, Junichi Yatabe, Masaaki Kato, Daisuke Sueoka, Shigekazu Iguchi, Atsushi Yoshida, Yutaka Uzawa, Ken Kikuchi, Kimitaka Tani, Shinpei Ogawa, Michio Itabashi, Masakazu Yamamoto, Daisuke Watanabe, Takashi Ando, Satoshi Morimoto…

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:363

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  44. Content type: Case report

    Infection with Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex (B. b. sl) spirochetes can cause Lyme borreliosis, manifesting as localized infection (e.g. erythema migrans) or disseminated disease (e.g. Lyme neuroborreli...

    Authors: A. Wagemakers, M. C. Visser, B. de Wever, J. W. Hovius, N. W. C. J. van de Donk, E. J. Hendriks, L. Peferoen, F. F. Muller and C. W. Ang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:362

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  45. Content type: Research article

    Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infections (BSIs) occur with significant prevalence and high mortality worldwide. Antimicrobial resistance and virulence are two main factors participating in the pathogenicity o...

    Authors: Min Xu, Yiqi Fu, Haishen Kong, Xiao Chen, Yu Chen, Lanjuan Li and Qing Yang

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:358

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  47. Content type: Research article

    MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MS) on whole cells enables the detection of different cell types and cell activation. Here, we wondered whether this approach would be useful to investigate the host response in se...

    Authors: Aurélie Daumas, Julie Alingrin, Richard Ouedraogo, Patrick Villani, Marc Leone and Jean-Louis Mege

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:355

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  48. Content type: Research article

    Maternal vaginal colonization with antibiotic resistant organisms is a growing concern in countries with high antibiotic resistance rates.

    Authors: Dulmini Nanayakkara, Veranja Liyanapathirana, Chaminda Kandauda, Champika Gihan, Asela Ekanayake and Dinuka Adasooriya

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:351

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  49. Content type: Research article

    One third of travellers to low- and middle-income regions of the tropics and subtropics become colonized by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE). The risk varies by destination ...

    Authors: Tinja Lääveri, Jessica A. Vlot, Alje P. van Dam, Hanni K. Häkkinen, Gerard J. B. Sonder, Leo G. Visser and Anu Kantele

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:341

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  50. Content type: Case report

    Blastomycosis is an endemic mycosis in North America that is caused by the dimorphic fungus Blastomyces dermatitidis. The illness is a systemic disease with a wide variety of pulmonary and extra-pulmonary manifes...

    Authors: Syed Mohammed Qasim Hussaini, Deng Madut, Betty C. Tong, Elizabeth N. Pavlisko, Wiley A. Schell, John R. Perfect and Nathan M. Thielman

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2018 18:336

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