Table 2 A list of four documented case reports of Whipple’s endocarditis causing embolism, all with valvular replacement and valve tissue NAAT diagnosis
Citation | Patient | Microbiology Diagnostics | Treatment and Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|
Naegeli 2000 [16] | 51 year old woman with recurrent strokes, found to have mitral valve involvement | PAS positive valve histology confirmed with unspecified NAAT of valve tissue | TMP-SMX with clinical improvement |
Richardson 2003 [17] | 51 year old man with right axillary embolism, found to have aortic valve vegetations | Aortic valve broad-range bacterial NAAT | 4 weeks of vancomycin followed by 12 months of TMP-SMX with clinical improvement |
Seddon 2017 [18] | 54 year old woman with ulnar artery embolism, found to have aortic valve vegetations | Aortic valve broad-range bacterial NAAT | 6 weeks of empiric amoxicillin and gentamicin with clinical improvement |
He 2021 [19] | 53 year old man with right calf pain and popliteal, tibial-peroneal trunk, and tibial artery clot, found to have aortic valve vegetations | PAS positive valve histology confirmed with broad-range bacterial NAAT of valve tissue | Ceftriaxone 2 g daily for 6 weeks, followed by TMP-SMX double-strength two tablets twice daily for 18 months with clinical improvement |