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Table 5 TBE under-testing and under-diagnosis by headache status

From: Evaluation of under-testing and under-diagnosis of tick-borne encephalitis in Germany

Patients

N

TBE tested, n (%)

Not TBE tested, n (%)

TBE positive, n (%)

TBE positive, p-value

Headache

 All patients

855

597 (69.8%)

258 (30.2%)

128 (21.4%)

NA

 Meningitis Only

342

230 (67.3%)

112 (32.7%)

80 (34.8%)

 < 0.001

 Encephalitis Only

279

207 (74.2%)

72 (25.8%)

43 (20.8%)

 Myelitis Only

108

84 (77.8%)

24 (22.2%)

10 (11.9%)

 Combination of Meningitis, Encephalitis, and/or Myelitis

660

472 (71.5%)

188 (28.5%)

121 (25.6%)

 Non-specific Neurological Symptoms (exclusive)

195

125 (64.1%)

70 (35.9%)

7 (5.6%)

No headache

 All patients

543

251 (46.2%)

292 (53.8%)

41 (16.3%)

NA

 Meningitis Only

133

65 (48.9%)

68 (51.1%)

27 (41.5%)

 < 0.001

 Encephalitis Only

147

73 (49.7%)

74 (50.3%)

10 (13.7%)

 Myelitis Only

148

68 (45.9%)

80 (54.1%)

4 (5.9%)

 Combination of Meningitis, Encephalitis, and/or Myelitis

387

186 (48.1%)

201 (51.9%)

36 (19.4%)

 Non-specific Neurological Symptoms (exclusive)

156

65 (41.7%)

91 (58.3%)

5 (7.7%)

  1. Percentages values are row percentages. NA: not applicable; TBE: tick-borne encephalitis