Table 2 Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis according to sublineage aggregated, determined by 24-loci MIRU–VNTR, Orizaba Veracruz 1997–2010 (n = 755)
From: Mycobacterium tuberculosis lineage 4 associated with cavitations and treatment failure
Variables | Total | Haarlem | LAM | Other than Haarlem and LAM | p-value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n/total (%) | n/total (%) | n/total (%) | n/total (%) | ||
Male | 442/755 (58.5) | 257/419 (61.3) | 81/163 (49.7) | 104/173 (60.1) | 0.034 |
Age (years) (median [IQR]) | 45 (32–59) | 45 (33–59) | 43 (30–55) | 47 (31–60) | 0.503† |
> 6 years of formal schooling | 507/754 (67.2) | 277/418 (66.3) | 115/163 (70.6) | 115/173 (24.3) | 0.595 |
House with dirt floor | 174/755 (23.1) | 88/419 (21.0) | 44/163 (27.0) | 42/173 (24.0) | 0.277 |
Rural residence | 99/732 (13.5) | 47/409 (11.5) | 30/159 (18.9) | 22/164 (13.4) | 0.070 |
Nearest health center distance (meters) (median [IQR]) | 708 (414–1099) | 775 (432–1184) | 775 (432–1183.7) | 737 (455–1118) | 0.241† |
Access to social security | 254/755 (33.6) | 152/419 (36.3) | 48/163 (29.5) | 54/173 (31.2) | 0.218 |
Used alcohol | 330/753 (43.8) | 194/417 (46.5) | 64/163 (39.3) | 72/173 (41.6) | 0.229 |
Used tobacco | 164/753 (21.8) | 106/417 (25.4) | 22/163 (13.5) | 36/173 (20.8) | 0.007 |
Used illegal drugs | 35/754 (4.6) | 19/418 (4.6) | 5/163 (3.1) | 11/173 (6.4) | 0.355 |
Homelessness or residence in shelters | 20/754 (2.7) | 12/419 (2.9) | 4/162 (2.5) | 4/173 (2.3) | 0.918 |
Diabetes mellitus type 2 | 250/755 (33.1) | 138/419 (32.9) | 52/163 (31.9) | 60/173 (34.7) | 0.858 |
HIV coinfection | 13/739 (1.8) | 7/410 (1.7) | 3/163 (1.8) | 3/166 (1.8) | 0.993 |
New case | 688/754 (91.3) | 384/418 (91.9) | 145/163 (89.0) | 159/173 (91.9) | 0.505 |
AFB sputum positivity grade of 3+ | 211/755 (28.0) | 123/419 (29.4) | 47/163 (28.8) | 41/173 (23.7) | 0.363 |
Resistance to at least one drug | 117/612 (19.1) | 68/337 (20.2) | 25/131 (19.1) | 24/144 (16.7) | 0.669 |
MDR | 21/612 (3.4) | 8/337 (2.4) | 8/131 (6.1) | 5/144 (3.5) | 0.138 |
Fever | 531/752 (70.6) | 292/417 (70.0) | 114/162 (70.4) | 125/173 (72.3) | 0.861 |
Haemoptysis | 250/753 (33.2) | 141/417 (33.8) | 39/163 (23.9) | 70/173 (40.5) | 0.005 |
Cavitations presence on chest radiograph | 282/626 (45.1) | 152/344 (44.2) | 74/136 (54.5) | 56/146 (38.4) | 0.023 |
BMI (median [IQR]) | 20.9(18.4–23.8) | 20.5(18.1–23.4) | 21.0(18.9–24.1) | 21.6(19.0–23.9) | 0.016† |
Number of days between symptom onset and start of treatment (median [IQR]) | 105 (67–182) | 106 (63–180) | 119 (80–196) | 97 (66.5–175) | 0.098† |
Cluster belonging | 519/755 (68.7) | 318/419 (75.9) | 95/163 (58.3) | 106/173 (61.3) | < 0.001 |