Variable | BKVN cases (N = 64) n (%); median [IQR] | Controls (N = 64) n (%); median [IQR] | p-value |
---|---|---|---|
Demographic features | |||
Age at the time of KT (years) | 53 [43–61] | 52 [43–61] | 0.88 |
Male sex | 37 (58) | 45 (70) | 0.2 |
Ethnicity | 0.36 | ||
Caucasian | 34 (53) | 26 (41) | |
African | 25 (39) | 30 (47) | |
Other * | 5 (8) | 8 (12) | |
Primary kidney disease | 0.36 | ||
Vascular and/or diabetes | 20 (31) | 21 (33) | |
Chronic glomerulonephritis | 19 (30) | 19 (30) | |
Interstitial nephropathy | 7 (11) | 6 (9) | |
Other** | 18 (28) | 18 (28) | |
Diabetes mellitus | 20 (31) | 19 (30) | 0.92 |
Characteristics of KT | |||
Duration of pre-transplantation dialysis (months) | 43.5 [12–72] | 47.5 [22–81] | 0.47 |
CMV serostatus donor / recipient (NA = 1) | 0.85 | ||
D + /R− | 8 (13) | 5 (8) | |
D−/R− | 5 (8) | 5 (8) | |
D + /R + | 33 (52) | 34 (54) | |
D−/R + | 17 (27) | 19 (30) | |
First transplantation | 50 (78) | 55 (87) | 0.49 |
Deceased donor | 51 (80) | 51 (80) | 1 |
c-PRA score | 50 [6–90] | 12.5 [0–50] | 0.002 |
HLA mismatch | 4 [3–4.5] | 4 [2–4] | 0.26 |
Cold ischemia time (hours) | 14 [7–16] | 14 [8–20] | 0.54 |
Delayed graft function | 11 (17) | 23 (36) | 0.028 |
Induction therapy | 0.98 | ||
ATG | 63 (98) | 62 (97) | |
Basiliximab | 1 (2) | 2 (3) | |
Maintenance therapy | 0.26 | ||
Dual therapy | 17 (27) | 23 (36) | |
Triple therapy | 47 (73) | 41 (64) | |
Events between KT and BKVN diagnosis (or index date for controls) | |||
Acute rejection episode | 11 (17) | 7 (11) | 0.43 |
Antibody-mediated | 8 | 4 | |
Cellular-mediated | 1 | 2 | |
Mixed rejection | 2 | 1 | |
Treatment for acute rejection | |||
Solumedrol pulses | 10 (16) | 7 (11) | 0.6 |
IV Immunoglobulin administration | 5 (8) | 6 (9) | 1 |
Plasma exchange | 9 (14) | 6 (9) | 0.58 |
Anti-CD20 | 6 (9) | 4 (6) | 0.74 |
Plasma CMV reactivation | 36 (58) | 29 (46) | 0.77 |
Data at BKVN diagnosis (or index date for controls) | |||
Immunosuppressive regimen | |||
Corticosteroid | 48 (75) | 42 (66) | 0.33 |
Median dose (mg/day) | 10 [5–10] | 5 [0–10] | 0.005 |
Mycophenolic acid | 63 (98) | 64 (100) | 0.96 |
Tacrolimus | 49 (77) | 45 (70) | 0.55 |
Ciclosporin | 13 (20) | 16 (25) | 0.67 |
m-TOR inhibitors | 2 (3) | 2 (3) | 1 |
Biological data | |||
Serum creatinine level (µmol/L) | 205 [142–269] | 126 [100–159] | < 0.0001 |
Lymphocyte count (/mm3) | 425 [300–700] | 585 [368–950] | 0.12 |
Gamma-globulin level (g/L) | 9 [7–11] | 9.2 [7–11] | 0.63 |