Heavily treatment-experienced people living with HIV in the OPERA® cohort: population characteristics and clinical outcomes

Table 1 Baseline^a characteristics of heavily treatment-experienced (HTE) and non-heavily treatment-experienced (non-HTE) people living with HIV

	HTE population N = 2277	Non-HTE population N = 21,906
Demographic characteristics
Age (yrs), median (IQR)	50 (42, 56)	44 (33, 52)
Sex, n (%)
Female	431 (19)	3615 (17)
Male	1844 (81)	18,280 (83)
Unknown	2 (0)	11 (0)
Race, n (%)
Black	906 (40)	8612 (39)
White	1239 (54)	11,693 (53)
Other	58 (3)	776 (4)
Unknown	74 (3)	825 (4)
Ethnicity, n (%)
Hispanic	572 (25)	5626 (26)
Non-Hispanic	1644 (72)	15,813 (72)
Unknown	61 (3)	467 (2)
MSM, n (%)	1190 (52)	12,798 (58)
US geographic region, n (%)
Northeast	109 (5)	2039 (9)
South	1189 (52)	11,267 (51)
Midwest	37 (2)	845 (4)
West	940 (41)	7755 (35)
US territories	≤ 5^b	0 (0)
Clinical characteristics
VL (copies/mL), n (%)
Median (IQR)	82 (19, 15,650)	19 (19, 100)
< 50	900 (40)	14,645 (67)
50 to < 200	209 (9)	1729 (8)
≥ 200 to < 10,000	331 (15)	1856 (9)
≥ 10,000 to < 100,000	345 (15)	1957 (9)
≥ 100,000	202 (9)	818 (4)
Missing	290 (13)	901 (4)
CD4 cell count (cells/µL), n (%)
Median (IQR)	412 (209, 636)	587 (396, 801)
> 500	761 (33)	13,007 (59)
> 350 to ≤ 500	402 (18)	3833 (18)
> 200 to ≤ 350	345 (15)	2505 (11)
> 50 to ≤ 200	337 (15)	1299 (6)
≤ 50	146 (6)	355 (2)
Missing	286 (13)	907 (4)
Years since HIV diagnosis, median (IQR)	15 (7, 22)	7 (3, 15)
Year of ART initiation, median (IQR)	2012 (2005, 2015)	2013 (2011, 2015)
History of ADE^c, n (%)	1221 (54)	6294 (29)
Morbid conditions^d	1823 (80)	15,132 (69)
VACS mortality risk^e, median (IQR)	24 (13, 41)	12 (6, 23)
Concomitant medications^f	1477 (65)	11,071 (51)

ADE AIDS defining event; ART antiretroviral therapy; HTE heavily treatment-experienced; IQR interquartile range; mL milliliter; MSM men who have sex with men; n number; N/A not available; µL microliter; US United States; VACS Veterans Aging Cohort Score; VL viral load; yrs years
^aBaseline defined as the start of the regimen taken on December 31, 2016
^bHIPAA requires the masking of cells with 1 to 5 individuals
^cHistory of ADE refers to the time period at or prior to baseline
^dDiagnosis of autoimmune disease, cardiovascular disease, invasive cancer, endocrine disorder, mental health disorder, liver disease, bone disorder, peripheral neuropathy, renal disease, or hypertension
^eVACS Mortality Index: Scored by summing pre-assigned points for age, CD4 count, HIV-1 RNA, hemoglobin, platelets, aspartate and alanine transaminase, creatinine, and viral hepatitis C infection. A higher score is associated with a higher risk of 5-year all-cause mortality [17]
^fDirect acting antivirals, antidepressants, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, immune modulators, antibiotics, anxiolytics/hypnotics/sedatives, lipid lowering agents, anti-diabetics

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