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Table 2 Thematic network of emerging findings

From: Temporal discrepancies in “rapid” HIV testing: explaining misdiagnoses at the point-of-care in Zimbabwe

Emerging themes (basic themes)

Temporal discrepancies (organizing themes)

Overarching story (global theme)

Clinics and hospitals experience staff shortages and high client volumes

1. High frequency testing affects correct labelling

Temporal factors shaping a discrepant flow of labelling, reading, and recording rapid HIV test results

Multiple clients are consulted at a time due to high client volumes to high frequency (and occasional repeat) testing

High frequencies of clients cause confusion which leads to incorrect labelling

Proper timing is essential to assess test results inside the valid results interval (VRI)

2. Mistiming the reading of test results

Due to inadequate timekeeping practices, HIV testers read and report invalid tests

Stress and pressure lead to inadequate timing of test results

Timing specifications differ between RDTs

It is easier to subscribe to timing practices if one client is tested at a time

Recording results in multiple registers is considered time-consuming

3. Recording is time-consuming, but prioritized, affecting sequential steps

Time-constraints, coupled with honouring recording requirements, affects counselling practices