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Table 1 Characteristics of the recovered and affected patients, 60 months after disease onset (n = 169)

From: The clinical manifestation and the influence of age and comorbidities on long-term chikungunya disease and health-related quality of life: a 60-month prospective cohort study in Curaçao

 

Total

Recovered

Affected

P-valuea

Participants, no (%)

169

107 (63.3)

62 (36.7)

 

Gender, no (%)

   

.04

Female

126 (74.6)

74 (69.2)

52 (83.9)

 

Male

43 (25.4)

33 (30.8)

10 (16.1)

 

Sex ratio (male/female)

0.34

0.45

0.19

 

Age acute disease, years (%)

   

.87

18–29

13 (7.7)

7 (6.5)

6 (9.7)

 

30–44

43 (25.4)

28 (26.2)

15 (24.2)

 

45–59

69 (40.8)

43 (40.2)

26 (41.9)

 

 ≥ 60

44 (26.0)

29 (27.1)

15 (24.2)

 

Age current, years (%)

   

.80

18–29

4 (2.4)

2 (1.9)

2 (3.2)

 

30–44

31 (18.3)

20 (18.7)

11 (17.7)

 

45–59

71 (42.0)

43 (40.2)

28 (45.2)

 

 ≥ 60

63 (37.3)

42 (39.3)

21 (33.9)

 

Education, no (%)

   

.85

Primary school or less

44 (26.0)

30 (28.0)

14 (22.6)

 

Secondary school

24 (14.2)

15 (14.0)

9 (14.5)

 

Intermediate vocational school

73 (43.2)

44 (41.1)

29 (46.8)

 

University (of applied sciences)

28 (16.6)

18 (16.8)

10 (16.1)

 

Occupation, no (%)

   

.80

Unemployed/homemaker/student

24 (14.2)

15 (14.0)

9 (14.5)

 

Paid work

107 (63.3)

66 (61.7)

41 (66.1)

 

Retired

38 (22.5)

26 (24.3)

12 (19.4)

 

Income, no (%)bc

   

.46

0–1000 ANG

31 (20.4)

19 (19.6)

12 (21.8)

 

1001–3000 ANG

70 (46.1)

47 (48.5)

23 (41.8)

 

3001–5000 ANG

27 (17.8)

14 (14.4)

13 (23.6)

 

 ≥ 5000 ANG

24 (15.8)

17 (17.5)

7 (12.7)

 

Pre-existing comorbidities, no (%)

    

Absence of comorbidities

73 (43.2)

46 (43.0)

27 (43.5)

1.000

Rheumatic disordersd

49 (29.0)

32 (29.9)

17 (27.4)

.86

Cardiovascular diseasese

51 (30.2)

29 (27.1)

22 (35.5)

.30

Diabetes mellitus

23 (13.6)

13 (12.1)

10 (16.1)

.49

Asthma

16 (9.5)

8 (7.5)

8 (12.9)

.28

 Allergiesf

19 (11.2)

11 (10.3)

8 (12.9)

.62

Post-infection comorbidities, no (%)

    

Absence of comorbidities

137 (81.1)

84 (78.5)

53 (85.5)

.31

Rheumatic disordersd

7 (4.1)

3 (2.8)

4 (6.5)

.26

Cardiovascular diseasese

19 (11.2)

16 (15.0)

3 (4.8)

.05

Diabetes mellitus

1 (0.6)

1 (0.9)

0 (0.0)

1.000

Asthma

2 (1.2)

1 (0.9)

1 (1.6)

1.000

 Allergiesf

8 (4.7)

6 (5.6)

2 (3.2)

.71

  1. aGroups were compared using the Fisher’s exact test, with Bonferroni multiple post hoc analysis, two-sided p-value corresponds to the comparison of the proportions between the recovered and affected groups; bAntillian Guilder, 1 ANG = 0.55 United States Dollar; cTotal recovered group n = 97, total affected group n = 55; dRheumatic disorders includes rheumatoid arthritis, joint pain, swelling, and weakness; eCardiovascular diseases includes, myocardial infarction, hypertension, hypotension, and hypercholesterolemia; fAllergies, includes hay fever, eczema, food intolerance and other
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