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Table 1 Demographic, socioeconomic and clinical characteristics of study participants

From: Pneumococcal concentration and serotype distribution in preschool children with radiologically confirmed pneumonia compared to healthy controls prior to introduction of pneumococcal vaccination in Zanzibar: an observational study

Characteristics

Patients

Healthy controls

Number of enrolled participants

677 (100%)

167 (100%)

Female

325 (48%)

81 (49%)

Age

  

 Median age months (IQR)

14 (9–24)

24 (12–36)

  2–11 months

232 (34%)

32 (19%)

  12–23 months

231 (34%)

42 (25%)

  24–35 months

109 (16%)

41 (25%)

  36–59 months

105 (16%)

52 (31%)

Care taker level of education

  

 No school education

253 (37%)

 

 > 6 years education

317 (47%)

 

Breastfeeding children (a) < 24 months

434 (94%)a

 

Fully immunizedb > 11 months

420 (94%)c

 

Antibiotics consumed before study inclusion

56 (8%)

 

Underweight; % below -2SD (CI)

28.3 (24.9–31.8)

 

Temperature

  

 Median temperature (IQR)

37.3 (36.8–38.0)

 

  36.0–37.4

375 (55%)

 

  37.5–39.0

240 (35%)

 

  > 39.0

46 (7%)

 

Severe clinical picture after study inclusion

29 (4%)

 

Most common main complaints

  

 Fever

644 (95%)

 

 Cough

580 (86%)

 

 Runny nose

455 (67%)

 

 Vomiting

34 (5%)

 

 Ear pain

21 (3%)

 

Antibiotic prescription on day 0

500 (74%)

 

 One type of antibiotic

394 (79%)

 

 Two types of antibiotics

103 (21%)

 

 Beta lactam antibiotics/parenteral benzyl penicillin

470 (93%) / 112 (17%)

 

 Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole

74 (11%)

 

 Other types of antibiotics

95 (14%)

 
  1. n ≤ 10 missing if not indicated)
  2. IQR Interquartile range
  3. aDenominator for patients < 24 months: n = 463
  4. bBCG, OPV3, Pentavalent/DPT3, measles
  5. cDenominator for patients > 11 months: n = 445