Prevalence and correlates of substance use and associations with HIV-related outcomes among trans women in the San Francisco Bay Area

Table 1 Demographic characteristics of trans women at recruitment, San Francisco, 2016–2017 (N = 629)

Characteristic	n	%
Age group in years (Mean = 40.5, Standard Deviation = 13)
18–24	70	11.1
25–34	168	26.7
35–44	144	22.9
45–54	139	22.1
55–64	89	14.1
65 +	19	3.0
Gender identity
Female, woman, or transgender	572	90.9
Genderqueer/Genderfluid	23	3.7
Androgynous/Ambigender	3	0.5
Questioning	2	0.3
Other	29	4.6
Currently living full-time as gender identity
No	25	4.0
Yes	602	95.7
Race/ethnicity
Hispanic/Latinx	205	32.6
White	182	28.9
Black/African American	107	17.0
Asian/Asian American	20	3.2
Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander	9	1.4
Native American	4	0.6
Other or Multiple	102	16.2
Ever experienced adult housing instability^a	456	72.5
Current living situation
Own or rent	295	46.9
Single room occupancy hotel	122	19.4
Homeless/shelter	106	16.9
Couch surfing or other	69	11.0
Transitional/supportive housing	20	3.2
Residential treatment facility	17	2.7
Education
Grades 1–8	33	5.2
Grades 9–11	91	14.5
Completed high school or GED^b	179	28.5
Some college, Associates in Arts degree, or technical degree	208	33.1
Bachelor’s degree	83	13.2
Any postgraduate studies	35	5.6
Annual income
< $12,060	362	57.6
$12,060–20,000	86	13.7
$20,000–30,000	84	13.4
$30,000–45,000	40	6.4
$45,000–70,000	22	3.5
> $70,000	35	5.6
At or below extremely low-income limit for San Francisco ($27,650 per year)	488	77.6
Sexual orientation
Straight/Heterosexual	269	42.8
Bisexual	96	15.3
Gay/Lesbian	89	14.1
Queer	73	11.6
Pansexual	52	8.3
Questioning	11	1.7
Other	36	5.7
Marital status
Never married	436	69.3
Separated or divorced	89	14.1
Married	47	7.5
Living together as married	34	5.4
Widowed	23	3.7
Ever sex work	406	64.5

^aDefined as ever living on the street, in the shelter, or in a single room occupancy hotel as an adult
^bGeneral Educational Development tests, an equivalent alternative to the United States high school diploma

ISSN: 1471-2334