Table 2 Preterm, low birth weight and small for gestational age by peripartum antiretroviral exposure, 2012–2014, South Africa
Birth outcome | Total N = 2526 | Pre-conception ART N = 617 | Post-conception ART N = 782 | AZT prophylaxis N = 879 | None N = 189 | Newly-infected mothers N = 59 | P-value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | Â |
Preterm | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Yes | 259 (14.4) | 66 (14.7) | 65 (11.5) | 92 (14.8) | 24 (20.0) | 12 (26.1) | 0.02 |
 No | 1543 (85.6) | 383 (85.3) | 499 (88.5) | 531 (85.2) | 96 (80.0) | 34 (73.9) |  |
 Missing | 724 | 168 | 218 | 256 | 69 | 13 |  |
Low birthweight | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Yes | 352 (14.3) | 87 (14.4) | 119 (15.6) | 102 (11.9) | 35 (19.1) | 9 (16.1) | 0.07 |
 No | 2114 (85.7) | 517 (85.6) | 646 (84.4) | 756 (88.1) | 148 (80.9) | 47 (83.9) |  |
 Missing | 60 | 13 | 17 | 21 | 6 | 3 |  |
Birthweight (kg) n [mean ± SD] | 2465, 3.00 (0.54) | 604, 2.96 (0.51) | 765, 2.99 (0.54) | 857, 3.04 (0.52) | 183, 2.99 (0.63) | 56, 2.99 (0.67) | 0.08** |
Small for gestational age | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Yes | 311 (12.6) | 85 (14.1) | 108 (14.1) | 95 (11.1) | 15 (8.2) | 8 (14.3) | 0.09 |
 No | 2154 (87.4) | 519 (85.9) | 657 (85.9) | 762 (88.9) | 168 (91.8) | 48 (85.7) |  |
 Missing | 61 | 13 | 17 | 22 | 6 | 3 |  |
Birthweight for gestational age Z-score n [mean ± SD] | 1777, − 0.16 (1.22) | 443, − 0.21 (1.27) | 559, − 0.23 (1.20) | 610, − 0.10 (1.20) | 119, − 0.03 (1.22) | 46, 0.03 (1.33) | 0.19** |
Birth length (cm) n [mean ± SD] | 2401, 49.30 (3.52) | 590, 49.20 (3.29) | 746, 49.24 (3.66) | 839, 49.46 (3.56) | 174, 49.19 (3.44) | 52, 48.85 (3.60) | 0.47** |