Fig. 1

MAMS, BAR, & Simulation workflow schematics. A Basic schematic of Multi-Arm Multi-Stage adaptive trial design, where each experimental regimen must pass a predefined criteria at interim analysis to continue recruitment. B Basic schematic of Bayesian Adaptive Randomization adaptive trial design, where each week the efficacy of each experimental arm is estimated and randomization probabilities are weighted in favor of well performing arms. C Trial simulation workflow schematic, where simulation trial and design parameters were inputted and for each week in the trial patients are recruited and randomized, their individual TCC and TTR are calculated, and accumulated trial data is analyzed, and then randomization is adjusted or arms are stopped as needed. This is repeated until trial stopping conditions are met or the maximum number of patients are recruited