A case control investigation of COVID-19 associated mucormycosis in India

BMC Infectious Diseases

Table 3 Logistic regression analysis towards identification of risk factors associated with CAM cases in India

Characteristics	OR	95% CI of OR	p value
Age in years
< 44	Ref
45–59	1.01	0.46, 2.26	0.96
> 60	0.63	0.28, 1.43	0.27
Sex
Female	Ref
Male	0.83	0.36, 1.88	0.65
History of working in dusty environment
None	Ref
Farming/gardening	3.23	1.34, 7.82	< 0.01
Construction sites	0.60	0.14, 2.53	0.49
Occupation
Unemployed	Ref
Employed	1.53	0.63, 3.71	0.34
Education
Illiterate (no school education)	Ref
Till 12th standard	0.78	0.29, 2.09	0.62
Graduate	1.17	0.37, 3.68	0.79
Post-graduate and above	2.19	0.43, 11.19	0.34
Type of house
Cemented house	Ref
Cemented house with thatched roof	0.48	0.15, 1.58	0.23
Cemented house with asbestos roof	1.17	0.30, 4.57	0.81
Mud house with thatched roof	3.77	0.77, 18.38	0.10
Duration of hospital stay in days during COVID-19	1.06	1.02, 1.11	< 0.01
Diabetes mellitus
No	Ref
Yes	31.83	13.96, 72.63	< 0.001
Type of oxygen supplementation
Face mask	Ref
NRBM	0.18	0.08, 0.41	< 0.001
HFNC	0.71	0.17, 2.95	0.64
Ventilatory support
No	Ref
Yes	0.51	0.22, 1.20	0.12
Type of steroid
Dexamethasone	Ref
Methylprednisolone	2.71	1.37, 5.37	< 0.01
Prednisolone	6.83	0.91, 51.52	0.06
Hydrocortisone	3.39	0.37, 31.36	0.28
Route of steroid
Parenteral	Ref
Oral	2.34	0.76, 7.21	0.14

OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval, NRBM: non-rebreather mask; HFNC: high flow nasal canula
Pseudo R²: 0.4212, n = 458

ISSN: 1471-2334