Table 1 Baseline characteristics of study participants
|  | Overall (n = 291) | Methadone (n = 214) | No methadone (n = 77) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 39.0 (SD 6.6) | 38.7 (SD 6.5) | 39.9 (SD 6.7) | 0.290 |
Malay ethnicity | 212 (72.9%) | 159 (74.3%) | 53 (68.8%) | 0.372 |
Married | 32 (11.0%) | 26 (12.1%) | 6 (7.8%) | 0.254 |
Educational attainment | 2.29 (SD 1.05) | 2.27 (SD 1.1) | 2.33 (SD 1.0) | 0.632 |
Employed†| 186 (63.9%) | 141 (65.9%) | 45 (58.4%) | 0.259 |
CD4+ T-cell count (cells/mm3) | 445 (SD 282) | 432 (SD 274) | 482 (SD 303) | 0.270 |
HIV symptom index (0–20) | 4.9 (SD 3.6) | 4.8 (SD 3.4) | 5.1 (SD 4.1) | 0.824 |
History of tuberculosis | 67 (23.0%) | 48 (22.4%) | 19 (24.7%) | 0.695 |
Addiction severity index (0–100)§ | 24.5 (SD 9.6) | 24.5 (SD 9.4) | 28.0 (SD 9.5) | 0.002 |
Ever injected drugs | 277 (95.2%) | 202 (94.4%) | 75 (97.4%) | 0.213 |
Benzodiazepine use†| 34 (11.7%) | 21 (9.8%) | 13 (16.9%) | 0.140 |
Methamphetamine use†| 161 (55.3%) | 121 (56.5%) | 40 (51.9%) | 0.492 |
Opioid use†| 271 (93.1%) | 198 (92.5%) | 73 (94.8%) | 0.466 |
Alcohol use†| 56 (19.2%) | 41 (19.2%) | 15 (19.5%) | 0.952 |