Standard of Care (SC) (N = 60) | SC + Standard Plasma (N = 60) | SC + COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma (N = 60) | Total (N = 180) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex—no (%) | ||||||||
Males | 40 | 66.7 | 47 | 78.3 | 46 | 76.7 | 133 | 73.9 |
Females | 20 | 33.3 | 13 | 21.7 | 14 | 23.3 | 47 | 26.1 |
Age (years)—no (%) | ||||||||
< 55 | 11 | 18.3 | 13 | 21.7 | 11 | 18.3 | 35 | 19.4 |
55–64 | 14 | 23.3 | 12 | 20.0 | 18 | 30.0 | 44 | 24.4 |
65–74 | 24 | 40.0 | 20 | 33.3 | 21 | 35.0 | 65 | 36.1 |
75 + | 11 | 18.3 | 15 | 25.0 | 10 | 16.7 | 36 | 20.0 |
Median—(IQR) | 67.5 (58.5–72.0) | 67.0 (56.5–74.5) | 65.0 (57.5–73.0) | 66.6 (57.0–73.0) | ||||
Charlson Comorbidity Index—no (%) | ||||||||
0 | 34 | 56.7 | 36 | 60.0 | 31 | 51.7 | 101 | 56.1 |
1 | 12 | 20.0 | 10 | 16.7 | 19 | 31.7 | 41 | 22.8 |
2–3 | 8 | 13.3 | 9 | 15.0 | 9 | 15.0 | 26 | 14.4 |
4 + | 6 | 10.0 | 5 | 8.3 | 1 | 1.7 | 12 | 6.7 |
Comorbidities—no (%) | ||||||||
Cardiovascular diseases | 9 | 15.0 | 10 | 16.7 | 14 | 23.3 | 33 | 18.3 |
Cerebrovascular diseases | 3 | 5.0 | 1 | 1.7 | 1 | 1.7 | 5 | 2.8 |
Chronic pulmonary diseases | 3 | 5.0 | 8 | 13.3 | 3 | 5.0 | 14 | 7.8 |
Diabetes | 9 | 15.0 | 11 | 18.3 | 9 | 15.0 | 29 | 16.1 |
Chronic kidney diseases | 1 | 1.7 | 4 | 6.7 | 1 | 1.7 | 6 | 3.3 |
Liver diseases | 2 | 3.3 | 1 | 1.7 | 1 | 1.7 | 4 | 2.2 |
Previous neoplasia | 7 | 11.7 | 5 | 8.3 | 6 | 10.0 | 18 | 10.0 |
Hypertension | 25 | 41.7 | 24 | 40.0 | 20 | 33.3 | 69 | 38.3 |
Solid organ transplant | 1 | 1.7 | 1 | 1.7 | 2 | 3.3 | 4 | 2.2 |
Body Mass Index—no (%) | ||||||||
< 25 | 19 | 31.7 | 15 | 25.0 | 14 | 23.3 | 48 | 26.7 |
25–29 | 27 | 45.0 | 27 | 45.0 | 29 | 48.3 | 83 | 46.1 |
30 + | 10 | 16.7 | 14 | 23.3 | 16 | 26.7 | 40 | 22.2 |
n.d | 4 | 6.7 | 4 | 6.7 | 1 | 1.7 | 9 | 5.0 |
Blood group—no (%) | ||||||||
N/A | 4 | 6.7 | 4 | 2.2 | ||||
0 | 27 | 45.0 | 28 | 46.7 | 26 | 43.3 | 81 | 45.0 |
A | 23 | 38.3 | 25 | 41.7 | 30 | 50.0 | 78 | 43.3 |
AB | 1 | 1.7 | 2 | 3.3 | 1 | 1.7 | 4 | 2.2 |
B | 5 | 8.3 | 5 | 8.3 | 3 | 5.0 | 13 | 7.2 |
Onset of symptoms—days | ||||||||
0–5 | 16 | 26.7 | 16 | 26.7 | 15 | 25.0 | 47 | 26.1 |
6–10 | 21 | 35.0 | 23 | 38.3 | 25 | 41.7 | 69 | 38.3 |
11 + | 22 | 36.7 | 20 | 33.3 | 20 | 33.3 | 62 | 34.4 |
Median (IQR)—days | 9 (5–12) | 8 (5–12) | 8 (6–11,5) | 8 (5–12) | ||||
Symptoms at onset—no (%) | ||||||||
Fever | 52 | 86.7 | 46 | 76.7 | 48 | 80.0 | 146 | 81.1 |
Cough | 35 | 58.3 | 31 | 51.7 | 33 | 55.0 | 99 | 55.0 |
Exertional Dyspnea | 34 | 56.7 | 29 | 48.3 | 28 | 46.7 | 91 | 50.6 |
Nausea/ Diarrhea | 9 | 15.0 | 7 | 11.7 | 6 | 10.0 | 22 | 12.2 |
Fatigue | 9 | 15.0 | 12 | 20.0 | 12 | 20.0 | 33 | 18.3 |
Myalgia | 7 | 11.7 | 8 | 13.3 | 10 | 16.7 | 25 | 13.9 |
Anosmia/Ageusia | 4 | 6.7 | 7 | 11.7 | 7 | 11.7 | 18 | 10.0 |
Others | 7 | 11.7 | 5 | 8.3 | 2 | 3.3 | 14 | 7.8 |
Onset of respiratory failure—days | ||||||||
0–1 | 21 | 35.0 | 19 | 31.7 | 21 | 35.0 | 61 | 33.9 |
2–3 | 28 | 46.7 | 31 | 51.7 | 28 | 46.7 | 87 | 48.3 |
4–5 | 11 | 18.3 | 10 | 16.7 | 11 | 18.3 | 32 | 17.8 |
Median (IQR)—days | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–3) | ||||
Degree of respiratory failure—no (%) | ||||||||
Mild | 7 | 11.7 | 6 | 10.0 | 7 | 11.7 | 20 | 11.1 |
Moderate-severe | 32 | 53.3 | 32 | 53.3 | 31 | 51.7 | 95 | 52.8 |
Severe | 21 | 35.0 | 22 | 36.7 | 22 | 36.7 | 65 | 36.1 |
Oxygen supplementation devices—no (%) | ||||||||
Low flow nasal cannula | 2 | 3.3 | 6 | 10.0 | 9 | 15.0 | 17 | 9.4 |
Venturi Mask ± reservoir | 12 | 20.0 | 7 | 11.7 | 8 | 13.3 | 27 | 15.0 |
High flow nasal cannula | 4 | 6.7 | 3 | 5.0 | 1 | 1.7 | 8 | 4.4 |
NIV/CPAP | 38 | 63.3 | 44 | 73.3 | 41 | 68.3 | 123 | 68.3 |
Mechanical Ventilation | 4 | 6.7 | 1 | 1.7 | 5 | 2.8 | ||
SOFA score—mean (SD) | 3.1 (1.80) | 2.96 (1.43) | 2.9 (1.74) | 2.99 (1.66) | ||||
Plasma SARS-CoV-2 RNA—no (%) | ||||||||
Negative | 18 | 30.0 | 19 | 31.7 | 16 | 26.7 | 53 | 29.44 |
Positive | 42 | 70.0 | 41 | 68.3 | 44 | 73.3 | 127 | 70.6 |
Plasma IgG anti SARS-CoV-2—no (%) | ||||||||
Negative | 20 | 33.3 | 19 | 31.7 | 29 | 48.3 | 68 | 37.8 |
Positive | 40 | 66.7 | 41 | 68.3 | 31 | 51.7 | 112 | 62.2 |
Median IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2—median (IQR) | 40.1 (6.1–89.8) | 20.4 (9.7–40.9) | 15.8 (4.4–53) | 22.6 (6.0–67.5) | ||||
Treatments at enrolment—no (%) | ||||||||
Heparin | 57 | 95.0 | 56 | 93.3 | 54 | 90 | 167 | 92.8 |
Glucocorticoids | 56 | 93.3 | 59 | 98.3 | 54 | 90 | 169 | 93.9 |
Antibiotics | 43 | 71.7 | 41 | 68.3 | 45 | 75 | 129 | 71.7 |
Remdesivir | 13 | 21.7 | 8 | 13.3 | 9 | 15 | 30 | 16.7 |
Tocilizumab | 1 | 1.7 | 2 | 3.3 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 3.3 |
Other Immunosuppressants | 2 | 3.3 | 1 | 1.7 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 3.3 |
Combinations | ||||||||
Heparin + glucocorticoids + antibiotics | 41 | 68.3 | 39 | 65.0 | 38 | 63.3 | 118 | 65.6 |
Heparin + glucocorticoids | 13 | 21.7 | 17 | 28.3 | 12 | 20.0 | 42 | 23.3 |
Glucocorticoids + antibiotics or other drugs | 1 | 1.6 | 2 | 3.3 | 2 | 3.3 | 6 | 3.30 |