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Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients and standard drug therapy at baseline

From: Convalescent or standard plasma versus standard of care in the treatment of COVID-19 patients with respiratory impairment: short and long-term effects. A three-arm randomized controlled clinical trial

 

Standard of Care (SC) (N = 60)

SC + Standard Plasma (N = 60)

SC + COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma (N = 60)

Total (N = 180)

Sex—no (%)

 Males

40

66.7

47

78.3

46

76.7

133

73.9

 Females

20

33.3

13

21.7

14

23.3

47

26.1

Age (years)—no (%)

 < 55

11

18.3

13

21.7

11

18.3

35

19.4

 55–64

14

23.3

12

20.0

18

30.0

44

24.4

 65–74

24

40.0

20

33.3

21

35.0

65

36.1

 75 + 

11

18.3

15

25.0

10

16.7

36

20.0

 Median—(IQR)

67.5 (58.5–72.0)

67.0 (56.5–74.5)

65.0 (57.5–73.0)

66.6 (57.0–73.0)

Charlson Comorbidity Index—no (%)

 0

34

56.7

36

60.0

31

51.7

101

56.1

 1

12

20.0

10

16.7

19

31.7

41

22.8

 2–3

8

13.3

9

15.0

9

15.0

26

14.4

 4 + 

6

10.0

5

8.3

1

1.7

12

6.7

Comorbidities—no (%)

 Cardiovascular diseases

9

15.0

10

16.7

14

23.3

33

18.3

 Cerebrovascular diseases

3

5.0

1

1.7

1

1.7

5

2.8

 Chronic pulmonary diseases

3

5.0

8

13.3

3

5.0

14

7.8

 Diabetes

9

15.0

11

18.3

9

15.0

29

16.1

 Chronic kidney diseases

1

1.7

4

6.7

1

1.7

6

3.3

 Liver diseases

2

3.3

1

1.7

1

1.7

4

2.2

 Previous neoplasia

7

11.7

5

8.3

6

10.0

18

10.0

 Hypertension

25

41.7

24

40.0

20

33.3

69

38.3

 Solid organ transplant

1

1.7

1

1.7

2

3.3

4

2.2

Body Mass Index—no (%)

 < 25

19

31.7

15

25.0

14

23.3

48

26.7

 25–29

27

45.0

27

45.0

29

48.3

83

46.1

 30 + 

10

16.7

14

23.3

16

26.7

40

22.2

 n.d

4

6.7

4

6.7

1

1.7

9

5.0

Blood group—no (%)

 N/A

4

6.7

    

4

2.2

 0

27

45.0

28

46.7

26

43.3

81

45.0

 A

23

38.3

25

41.7

30

50.0

78

43.3

 AB

1

1.7

2

3.3

1

1.7

4

2.2

 B

5

8.3

5

8.3

3

5.0

13

7.2

Onset of symptoms—days

 0–5

16

26.7

16

26.7

15

25.0

47

26.1

 6–10

21

35.0

23

38.3

25

41.7

69

38.3

 11 + 

22

36.7

20

33.3

20

33.3

62

34.4

 Median (IQR)—days

9 (5–12)

8 (5–12)

8 (6–11,5)

8 (5–12) 

Symptoms at onset—no (%)

 Fever

52

86.7

46

76.7

48

80.0

146

81.1

 Cough

35

58.3

31

51.7

33

55.0

99

55.0

 Exertional Dyspnea

34

56.7

29

48.3

28

46.7

91

50.6

 Nausea/ Diarrhea

9

15.0

7

11.7

6

10.0

22

12.2

 Fatigue

9

15.0

12

20.0

12

20.0

33

18.3

 Myalgia

7

11.7

8

13.3

10

16.7

25

13.9

 Anosmia/Ageusia

4

6.7

7

11.7

7

11.7

18

10.0

 Others

7

11.7

5

8.3

2

3.3

14

7.8

Onset of respiratory failure—days

 0–1

21

35.0

19

31.7

21

35.0

61

33.9

 2–3

28

46.7

31

51.7

28

46.7

87

48.3

 4–5

11

18.3

10

16.7

11

18.3

32

17.8

 Median (IQR)—days

2 (1–3)

2 (1–3)

2 (1–3)

2 (1–3)

Degree of respiratory failure—no (%)

 Mild

7

11.7

6

10.0

7

11.7

20

11.1

 Moderate-severe

32

53.3

32

53.3

31

51.7

95

52.8

 Severe

21

35.0

22

36.7

22

36.7

65

36.1

Oxygen supplementation devices—no (%)

 Low flow nasal cannula

2

3.3

6

10.0

9

15.0

17

9.4

 Venturi Mask ± reservoir

12

20.0

7

11.7

8

13.3

27

15.0

 High flow nasal cannula

4

6.7

3

5.0

1

1.7

8

4.4

 NIV/CPAP

38

63.3

44

73.3

41

68.3

123

68.3

 Mechanical Ventilation

4

6.7

  

1

1.7

5

2.8

SOFA score—mean (SD)

3.1 (1.80)

2.96 (1.43)

2.9 (1.74)

2.99 (1.66)

Plasma SARS-CoV-2 RNA—no (%)

 Negative

18

30.0

19

31.7

16

26.7

53

29.44

 Positive

42

70.0

41

68.3

44

73.3

127

70.6

Plasma IgG anti SARS-CoV-2—no (%)

 Negative

20

33.3

19

31.7

29

48.3

68

37.8

 Positive

40

66.7

41

68.3

31

51.7

112

62.2

Median IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2—median (IQR)

40.1 (6.1–89.8)

20.4 (9.7–40.9)

15.8 (4.4–53)

22.6 (6.0–67.5)

Treatments at enrolment—no (%)

 Heparin

57

95.0

56

93.3

54

90

167

92.8

 Glucocorticoids

56

93.3

59

98.3

54

90

169

93.9

 Antibiotics

43

71.7

41

68.3

45

75

129

71.7

 Remdesivir

13

21.7

8

13.3

9

15

30

16.7

 Tocilizumab

1

1.7

2

3.3

3

5

6

3.3

 Other Immunosuppressants

2

3.3

1

1.7

3

5

6

3.3

Combinations

 Heparin + glucocorticoids + antibiotics

41

68.3

39

65.0

38

63.3

118

65.6

 Heparin + glucocorticoids

13

21.7

17

28.3

12

20.0

42

23.3

 Glucocorticoids + antibiotics or other drugs

1

1.6

2

3.3

2

3.3

6

3.30

  1. IQR denotes Interquartile range. NIV indicates non-invasive ventilation, CPAP Continuous Positive Airway Pressure, SARS-CoV-2 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, and SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment