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Table 1 Respondents’ characteristics and experiences with COVID-19

From: Self-testing for SARS-CoV-2 in São Paulo, Brazil: results of a population-based values and attitudes survey

 

Female

n = 184 (44.12%)

Male

n = 233 (55.87%)

P-value

Total

n = 417 (100.00%)

Mean age (SD), yearsa

40.125 (SD 15.553)

45.262 (SD 15.024)

< 0.001

42.995 (SD 15.454)

Age range (years)a

< 0.001

 

 18–35

85 (46.20)

69 (29.61)

 

154 (36.93)

3 6–55

65 (35.33)

97 (41.63)

 

162 (38.85)

 ≥ 56

34 (18.48)

67 (28.76)

 

101 (24.22)

Ethno-racial identitya, b

0.552

 

 White (Branco)

74 (17.68)

95 (22.83)

 

169 (40.63)

 Black (Preto)

30 (7.21)

48 (11.53)

 

78 (18.75)

 Brown (Pardo)

69 (16.58)

84 (20.19)

 

153 (36.78)

 Indigenous (Indígena)

10 (2.40)

1 (0.24)

 

11 (2.64)

 Asian (Amarelo)

0 (0.00)

1 (0.24)

 

1 (0.24)

Educationa

0.225

 

 None

19 (10.33)

16 (6.87)

 

35 (8.39)

 Primary

42 (22.83)

79 (33.91)

 

121 (29.02)

 Secondary

78 (42.39)

109 (46.78)

 

187 (44.84)

 College/vocational

14 (7.61)

8 (3.43)

 

22 (5.28)

 Degree

25 (13.59)

15 (6.44)

 

40 (9.59)

 Postgraduate

4 (2.17)

0 (0.00)

 

4 (0.96)

 PhD

0 (0.00)

1 (0.43)

 

1 (0.24)

 Other

2 (1.09)

5 (2.15)

 

7 (1.68)

Employment statusa

< 0.001

 

 Unemployed

40 (21.74)

26 (11.16)

 

66 (15.83)

 Student

5 (2.72)

4 (1.72)

 

9 (2.16)

 Employed, part-time

6 (3.26)

3 (1.29)

 

9 (2.16)

 Employed, full-time

67 (36.41)

60 (25.75)

 

127 (30.46)

 Self-employed

32 (25.00)

117 (50.22)

 

163 (39.09)

 Retired, on a pension

20 (10.87)

23 (9.87)

 

43 (10.31)

Feeling at-risk of COVID-19a

0.743

 

 No risk

11 (5.98)

15 (6.44)

 

26 (6.24)

 Low risk

40 (21.74)

59 (25.32)

 

99 (23.74)

 Mild risk

62 (33.70)

72 (30.90)

 

134 (32.13)

 Moderate risk

49 (26.63)

69 (29.61)

 

118 (28.30)

 High risk

22 (11.96)

18 (7.73)

 

40 (9.59)

Having had COVID-19a

0.011

 

 Yes, confirmed by test

39 (21.20)

28 (12.02)

 

67 (16.07)

 Yes, confirmed by a healthcare worker

5 (2.72)

10 (4.29)

 

15 (3.60)

For those tested

57 (13.66)

50 (11.99)

0.016

107 (25.65)

 Months ago (mean, SD)

9.19 (9)

77.38 (8)

 

8.34 (8)

 Paid for the test

18 (20.22)

21 (14.48)

0.735

39 (16.67)

 Amount paid (mean USD, SD)

3.93 USD (SD 8.25)

2.91 USD (SD 7.56)

 

3.3 USD (SD7.83)

  1. aPercentages took into consideration missing values for each variable, i.e., they were not calculated based on the total sample of 417 respondents
  2. bIn brackets, ethno-racial identity terms used in Brazilian Portuguese