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Table 3 Comparison of subjective symptoms and physical findings among the four clusters

From: Clinical clustering with prognostic implications in Japanese COVID-19 patients: report from Japan COVID-19 Task Force, a nation-wide consortium to investigate COVID-19 host genetics

 

Cluster 1

Cluster 2

Cluster 3

Cluster 4

p-value

Young healthy

Middle aged

Middle aged obese

Elderly

Consciousness disturbance, n (%)

1 (0.4)

4 (1.6)

3 (0.7)

16 (4.3)

0.0004

Cough, n (%)

140 (52.8)

158 (64.5)

283 (66)

198 (53.2)

0.0001

Sputum, n (%)

47 (17.7)

59 (24.5)

112 (25.9)

78 (21)

0.0634

Sore throat, n (%)

91 (35)

63 (26)

115 (26.6)

64 (17.3)

< 0.0001

Nasal discharge, n (%)

62 (23.7)

43 (17.7)

71 (16.4)

46 (12.4)

0.0029

Taste disorder, n (%)

86 (33.3)

39 (16)

75 (17.4)

39 (10.5)

< 0.0001

Smell disorder, n (%)

90 (34.9)

32 (13.1)

70 (16.3)

25 (6.7)

< 0.0001

Shortness of breath, n (%)

52 (20.4)

65 (27.1)

140 (32.6)

93 (25.4)

0.005

Malaise, n (%)

105 (39.8)

113 (46.3)

225 (52.3)

147 (39.7)

0.0009

Body temperature ≧ 37.5 °C, n (%)

186 (70.5)

213 (86.9)

370 (86.1)

260 (69.9)

< 0.0001

Systolic pressure, mmHg

120 ± 1.2

129.4 ± 1.2

131.6 ± 0.9

132 ± 1

< 0.0001

Diastolic pressure, mmHg

78.5 ± 0.8

81.4 ± 0.8

85.1 ± 0.6

77.7 ± 0.7

< 0.0001

Heart rate, bpm

84.4 ± 1

88.6 ± 1

90 ± 0.8

84.3 ± 0.8

< 0.0001

Respiratory rate, bpm

17.5 ± 0.3

19.3 ± 0.3

19.4 ± 0.2

19 ± 0.2

< 0.0001

SpO2, %

97.6 ± 0.2

96.3 ± 0.2

95.9 ± 0.1

95.5 ± 0.1

< 0.0001

  1. Data are shown as mean ± SD. Data were compared among groups using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and χ2 tests
  2. SpO2, saturation of percutaneous oxygen