Table 2 Demographic and clinical features of enrolled patients in the pre-intervention period

Age, median [IQR], y

65.0 [53.0;75.0]

65.0 [53.0;75.0]

64.0 [50.5;71.5]

0.368

Female, n (%)

1593 (38.8%)

1575 (38.9%)

18 (32.1%)

0.371

Time from admission to insertion of CVC, median [IQR], d

1.0 [0.0; 4.0]

1.0 [0.0; 4.0]

0.0 [0.0; 4.0]

0.059

Intensive care unit type, n (%)

 Medical

606 (14.8%)

586 (14.5%)

20 (35.7%)

 < 0.001

 Surgical

2928 (71.3%)

2893 (71.5%)

35 (62.5%)

0.185

 Emergency

570 (13.9%)

569 (14.1%)

1 (1.8%)

0.015

Diabetes mellitus, n (%)

1104 (26.9%)

1088 (26.9%)

16 (28.6%)

0.613

Malignancy, n (%)

717 (17.5%)

706 (17.4%)

11 (19.6%)

0.800

Steroid use during the indwelling time, n (%)

2028 (49.4%)

1998 (49.4%)

30 (53.6%)

0.623

Insertion site

 Jugular

2007 (48.9%)

1996 (49.3%)

11 (19.6%)

 < 0.001

 Subclavian

1397 (34.0%)

1370 (33.8%)

27 (48.2%)

0.035

 Femoral

700 (17.1%)

682 (16.8%)

18 (32.1%)

0.004

Two or more indwelling CVC, n (%)

1383 (33.7%)

1338 (33.1%)

45 (80.4%)

 < 0.001

Total indwelling time of CVC, median [IQR], d

5.0 [3.0;9.0]

5.0 [3.0; 9.0]

6.5 [4.0;12.0]

 < 0.001

Time from insertion of CVC to occurrence of CLABSI, median [IQR], d

2.0 [0.0;7.0]

–

14.0 [10.0;21.0]

 < 0.001

Indwelling time of CVC over 10 days, n (%)

944 (23.0%)

901 (22.3%)

43 (76.8%)

 < 0.001

Multimodal intervention

1875 (45.7%)

1860 (45.9%)

15 (26.8%)

0.006