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Table 3 Interventions, complications, and clinical outcomes among inpatients with seasonal coronaviruses and COVID-19

From: Comparison of clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized patients with seasonal coronavirus infection and COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study

 

sCoV (N = 190)

COVID-19 (N = 190)

P-value

Steroids

86 (45.3%)

83 (43.7%)

.757

Antibiotics

182 (95.8%)

175 (92.1%)

.132

Maximal respiratory support on presentation

  

.032

 None

56 (29.5%)

56 (29.5%)

 

 Nasal cannula

95 (50%)

111 (58.4%)

 

 NIV

25 (13.2%)

9 (4.7%)

.004b

 IMV

14 (7.4%)

14 (7.4%)

 

Prone position

2 (1.1%)

21 (11.1%)

 < .001

Neuromuscular blockade

1 (0.5%)

34 (17.9%)

 < .001

Vasopressors

19 (10%)

32 (16.8%)

.050

Respiratory failure

134 (70.5%)

135 (71.1%)

.910

Sepsis

   

 SIRS

124 (65.3%)

120 (63.2%)

.669

 qSOFA

39 (20.5%)

69 (36.3%)

.001

 Septic shock

27 (14.2%)

38 (20%)

.134

ARDS

6 (2.6%)

38 (15.8%)

 < .001

Acute kidney injury

48 (25.3%)

84 (44.2%)

 < .001

Troponin leak

49 (25.8%)

55 (29.9%)

.373

Coinfection

49 (25.8%)

25 (13.2%)

.002

NIH severity

   

 Mild

14 (7.4%)

8 (4.2%)

.188

 Moderate

47 (24.7%)

33 (17.4%)

.078

 Severe

129 (67.9%)

149 (78.4%)

.021

Time from symptom onset to admission (days)a

3 (1–7)

2 (1–6)

.916

Hospital length of stay (days)a

5 (3–8)

7 (4–12)

.013

ICU admission

67 (35.3%)

61 (32.1%)

.515

IMV in total

27 (14.2%)

37 (19.5%)

.170

Successfully extubated

16/27 (59.3%)

13/37 (35.1%)

0.056

Successfully discharged from ICU

46/67 (73%)

26/61 (43.3%)

0.001

Onset to discharge (days)a

9 (6–13.75)

9.5 (7–16.75)

0.902

Onset to death (days)a

9 (5.75–15.25)

10 (6.75–16.25)

0.855

Case fatality rate

22 (11.6%)

66 (34.7%)

< .001

  1. aShapiro–Wilk normality test results showed deviation from a normal distribution
  2. bP-value obtained with a Bonferroni Chi-Square residual analysis
  3. ARDS: acute respiratory distress syndrome; COVID-19: Coronavirus Disease 2019; ICU: intensive care unit; IMV: invasive mechanical ventilation; NIV: noninvasive ventilation; qSOFA: quick Sequential Organic Failure Assessment; sCoV: seasonal coronavirus; SIRS: Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome