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Table 2 Correlates of genotyping failure for all specimens analysed from 2016 to 2019

From: HIV-1 drug resistance genotyping success rates and correlates of Dried-blood spots and plasma specimen genotyping failure in a resource-limited setting

Predictor Variable

Genotyping failure n/N (%)

Unadjusted OR

p-value

Adjusted OR

p-value

Specimen type

 DBS

1926/3836 (50.2)

1

< 0.0001

 

< 0.0001

 Plasma

422/3001 (14.1)

0.16 (0.14–0.18)

0.10 (0.08–0.14)

Pre-genotyping viral load testing

 Not done

1398/3893 (35.9)

1

0.002

 

0.023

 Done

950/2944 (32.3)

0.85 (0.77–0.94)

0.64 (0.13–0.56)

Viral load

 1001–10,000 cps/mL

634/1165 (54.4)

1

< 0.0001

 

< 0.0001

 > 10,000–50,000 cps/mL

197/755 (25.4)

0.28 (0.23–0.35)

0.3 (0.24–0.38)

 > 50,000–200,000 cps/mL

81/609 (13.3)

0.13 (0.10–0.17)

0.14 (0.11–0.19)

 > 200,000 cps/mL

38/392 (9.7)

0.09 (0.06–0.13)

0.10 (0.07–0.14)

Specimen source

 Research studies

745/3533 (21.1)

1

< 0.0001

 

0.005

 Routine clinical diagnosis

1603/3304 (48.5)

3.5 (3.17–3.92)

1.4 (1.10–1.75)

  1. Each denominator represents the number of specimens of that specific category