Table 4 Risk factors associated with LOS among inpatient and LTC post-CRPA culture: unadjusted and multivariable regression
Characteristics | Inpatient [N = 3646] | Long-term care (LTC) [N = 1043] | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Unadjusted IRR (95% CI) | Adjusted IRR (95% CI) | Unadjusted IRR (95% CI) | Adjusted IRR (95% CI) | |
Demographic and clinical characteristics | ||||
Male | 0.78 (0.59–1.03) | – | 1.39 (0.90–2.13) | – |
Age category | ||||
18–49 | Reference | Reference | Reference | |
50–64 | 0.81 (0.65–1.01) | 0.73 (0.59–0.90) | 1.17 (0.88–1.55) | 1.06 (0.81–1.40) |
65 + | 0.60 (0.49–0.74) | 0.57 (0.46–0.70) | 1.07 (0.82–1.40) | 0.99 (0.76–1.28) |
Race | ||||
White | Reference | – | Reference | – |
African American | 1.14 (1.03–1.25) | – | 0.99 (0.84–1.16) | – |
Other* | 1.11 (0.81–1.52) | – | 0.97 (0.56–1.67) | – |
Ethnicity | ||||
Non-Latine | Reference | – | Reference | – |
Latine | 0.91 (0.80–1.04) | – | 0.93 (0.71–1.22) | – |
Region | ||||
South | Reference | Reference | Reference | – |
Midwest | 1.04 (0.93–1.15) | 0.99 (0.89–1.09) | 0.88 (0.74–1.05) | – |
West | 1.24 (1.11–1.38) | 1.25 (1.13–1.39) | 1.01 (0.83–1.23) | – |
Northeast | 1.01 (0.89–1.15) | 1.07 (0.95–1.21) | 0.82 (0.64–1.05) | – |
U.S. Territory | 0.99 (0.83–1.17) | 1.14 (0.97–1.34) | 0.84 (0.60–1.19) | – |
Rurality | ||||
Urban | Reference | – | Reference | – |
Rural | 0.90 (0.77–1.06) | – | 1.12 (0.83–1.51) | – |
Facility complexity | ||||
High | Reference | – | Reference | – |
Low | 1.21 (1.02–1.45) | – | 1.04 (0.80–1.33) | – |
Specimen type | ||||
Urine | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
Respiratory‡ | 0.81 (0.74–0.89) | 0.76 (0.69–0.83) | 0.98 (0.81–1.19) | 0.97 (0.80–1.17) |
Blood | 0.63 (0.50–0.78) | 0.67 (0.54–0.83) | 1.24 (0.73–2.12) | 1.02 (0.60–1.72) |
Other† | 1.29 (1.16–1.43) | 1.27 (1.15–1.40) | 1.36 (1.15–1.61) | 1.38 (1.17–1.63) |
Co-morbidities | ||||
Charlson Score | 1.02 (1.00–1.03) | 1.01 (1.00–1.02) | 1.01 (0.99–1.04) | 0.99 (0.97–1.02) |
SCI/D | ||||
No | Reference | Reference | Reference | – |
Yes | 1.87 (1.62–2.16) | 1.43 (1.23–1.65) | 1.01 (0.88–1.16) | – |
Antibiotic exposure in previous 90 days | ||||
Any antibiotics | ||||
No | Reference | – | Reference | Reference |
Yes | 0.85 (0.79–0.93) | – | 0.80 (0.68–0.95) | 1.00 (0.84–1.19) |
Fluoroquinolones | ||||
No | Reference | – | Reference | – |
Yes | 0.82 (0.73–0.92) | – | 0.64 (0.49–0.83) | – |
3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins | ||||
No | Reference | – | Reference | – |
Yes | 1.11 (0.88–1.41) | – | 0.80 (0.52–1.23) | – |
Carbapenems | ||||
No | Reference | – | Reference | – |
Yes | 1.05 (0.66–1.67) | – | 1.51 (0.31–7.37) | – |
Length of stay 1 year prior to culture | ||||
Mean, median (SD) | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) |