Table 1 Characteristics of patients with atypical (AP) or non-atypical (NAP) pneumonia (frequencies with percentage, and means with standard deviations)
Variable | AP (N = 31) | NAP (N = 549) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 67 (17) | 72 (16) | 0.09 |
Gender (male) | 19 (61) | 314 (57) | 0.65 |
Heart failure | 11 (36) | 105 (19) | 0.03 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 5 (16) | 117 (21) | 0.49 |
Chronic liver disease | 1 (3) | 6 (1) | 0.29 |
Active cancer | 3 (10) | 35 (6) | 0.47 |
Chronic renal disease | 5 (16) | 83 (15) | 0.88 |
Diabetes | 3 (10) | 93 (17) | 0.29 |
Neurological disease | 5 (16) | 61 (11) | 0.39 |
Alcohol abuse | 5 (16) | 54 (10) | 0.26 |
Number of comorbidities | |||
0 | 12 (39) | 217 (40) | |
1 | 8 (26) | 177 (32) | 0.63 |
> 1 | 11 (36) | 155 (28) | |
Previous antibiotic treatment | 0 | 26 (5) | 0.22 |
Cough | 24 (77) | 457 (84) | 0.38 |
Sputum | 15 (48) | 326 (60) | 0.22 |
Chest pain | 5 (17) | 187 (34) | 0.05 |
Dyspnea | 22 (73) | 383 (70) | 0.70 |
Fever | 24 (77) | 370 (67) | 0.25 |
Confusion | 5 (16) | 17 (3) | < 0.01 |
Temperature | 38.2 (1.3) | 37.9 (1.0) | 0.03 |
Heart rate | 99 (20) | 98 (20) | 0.85 |
Respiratory rate | 25 (6) | 24 (6) | 0.64 |
Systolic blood pressure | 135 (17) | 133 (24) | 0.64 |
Diastolic blood pressure | 77 (11) | 73 (14) | 0.11 |
Hypoxemia (SpO2 < 90% on room air) | 12 (40) | 279 (52) | 0.21 |
Focal signs on chest examination | 24 (77) | 461 (84) | 0.33 |
Natremia (mmol/L) (N = 579) | 133.4 (4) | 135.9 (4) | < 0.01 |
Urea (mmol/L) (N = 569) | 7.3 (4) | 7.6 (5) | 0.52 |
Glucose (mmol/L) (N = 565) | 7.6 (2) | 7.6 (3) | 0.59 |
Leukocytes count (G/L) | 11.5 (4.3) | 13.6 (6.4) | 0.09 |
Hematocrit (%) | 39.3 (5) | 39.2 (5) | 0.88 |
Platelets count (G/L) | 212.2 (89) | 233.8 (97) | 0.12 |
Procalcitonin (ug/L) (N = 540) | 1.5 (3) | 3.8 (14) | 0.81 |
C-reactive protein (mg/ L) (N = 230) | 265.6 (112) | 180.4 (138) | < 0.01 |
Pleural effusion | 6 (19) | 91 (17) | 0.69 |
Pneumonia Severity Index score | 86.3 (24) | 84.2 (25) | 0.59 |
Season of inclusion | |||
Winter | 5 (16) | 207 (38) | 0.03 |
Spring | 6 (19) | 123 (22) | |
Summer | 5 (16) | 76 (14) | |
Autumn | 15 (48) | 143 (26) | |