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Table 1 Presentation and comparisons of baseline characteristics

From: Comparison of the clinical presentation across two waves of COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study

  

Wave

 

Critical disease

 
 

All patients (N = 311)

Wave 1 (N = 157)

Wave 2 (N = 154)

p-value

Yes (N = 54)

No (N = 257)

p-value

Socio demographics and lifestyle information

       

 Age, Median (IQR) (N = 314)

64 (50–77)

65 (51–78)

63.5 (47–77)

0.27

74.5 (67–83)

61 (47–75)

 < 0.0005

 Age distribution N/total N (%)

   

0.49

  

 < 0.0005

  0–9

10/311 (3.22)

2/157 (1.27)

8/154 (5.19)

 

0/54

10/257 (3.89)

 

  10–19

4/311 (1.29)

2/157 (1.27)

2/154 (1.30)

 

0/54

4/257 (1.56)

 

  20–29

11/311 (3.54)

4/157 (2.55)

7/154 (4.55)

 

1/54 (1.85)

10/257 (3.89)

 

  30–39

22/311 (7.07)

9/157 (5.73)

13/154 (8.44)

 

0/54

22/257 (8.56)

 

  40–49

29/311 (9.32)

17/157 (10.83)

12/154 (7.79)

 

1/54 (1.85)

28/257 (10.89)

 

  50–59

52/311 (16.72)

25/157 (15.92)

27/154 (17.53)

 

4/54 (7.41)

48/257 (18.68)

 

  60–69

60/311 (19.29)

33/157 (21.02)

27/154 (17.53)

 

13/54 (24.07)

47/257 (18.29)

 

  70–79

63/311 (20.26)

34/157 (21.66)

29/154 (18.83)

 

18/54 (33.33)

45/257 (17.51)

 

  80–89

48/311 (15.43)

23/157 (14.65)

25/154 (16.23)

 

11/54 (20.37)

37/257 (14.40)

 

  90 + 

12/311 (3.86)

8/157 (5.10)

4/154 (2.60)

 

6/54 (11.11)

6/257 (2.33)

 

 Gender N/total N (%)

   

0.95

  

0.003

  Female

150/311 (48.23)

76/157 (48.41)

74/154 (48.05)

 

16/54 (29.63)

134/257 (52.14)

 

  Male

161/311 (51.77)

81/157 (51.59)

80/154 (51.95)

 

38/54 (70.37)

123/257 (47.86)

 

 Smoking N/total N (%) (N = 195)

   

0.94

  

 < 0.0005

  Present smoker

19/195 (9.74)

11/106 (10.38)

8/89 (8.99)

 

6/46 (13.04)

13/149 (8.72)

 

  Previous smoker

79/195 (40.51)

43/106 (40.57)

36/89 (40.45)

 

29/46 (63.04)

50/149 (33.56)

 

  Never smoker

97/195 (49.74)

52/106 (49.06)

45/89 (50.56)

 

11/46 (23.91)

86/149 (57.72)

 

 Body Mass Index (BMI), Median (IQR) (N = 198)

27.17 (22.86–32.05)

27.20 (23.41–31.95)

27.10 (22.77–32.05)

0.75

26.44 (22.71–31.35)

27.33 (23.41–32.27)

0.44

Comorbidities

       

 Comorbidity N/total N (%)

248/311 (79.44)

121/157 (77.07)

127/154 (82.47)

0.24

51/54 (94.44)

197/257 (76.65)

0.003

 Comorbidity burden N/total N (%)

   

0.28

  

 < 0.0005

  Single comorbidity

67/311 (21.54)

29/157 (18.47)

38/154 (24.68)

 

3/54 (5.56)

64/257 (24.90)

 

  Multiple comorbidities

181/311 (58.20)

92/157 (58.60)

89/154 (57.79)

 

48/54 (88.89)

133/257 (51.75)

 

 Specific comorbidities N/total N (%)

       

  Asthma

24/311 (7.72)

9/157 (5.73)

15/154 (9.74)

0.21

5/54 (9.26)

19/257 (7.39)

0.58

  Stroke or transient ischemic attack

23/311 (7.40)

6/157 (3.82)

17/154 (11.04)

0.017

5/54 (9.26)

18/257 (7.00)

0.57

  Coronary heart disease/Ischemic heart disease

59/311 (18.97)

28/157 (17.83)

31/154 (20.13)

0.67

19/54 (35.19)

40/257 (15.56)

0.002

  Psychiatric disorder

37/311 (11.90)

17/157 (10.83)

20/154 (12.99)

0.60

5/54 (9.26)

32/257 (12.45)

0.65

  Diabetes mellitus

53/311 (17.04)

27/157 (17.20)

26/154 (16.88)

1

13/54 (24.07)

40/257 (15.56)

0.16

  Hypertension

102/311 (32.80)

58/157 (36.94)

44/154 (28.57)

0.12

28/54 (51.85)

74/257 (28.79)

0.001

  Chronic bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

45/311 (14.47)

27/157 (17.20)

18/154 (11.69)

0.20

16/54 (29.62)

29/257 (11.28)

0.001

  Cancer

42/311 (13.50)

31/157 (19.75)

11/154 (7.14)

0.001

17/54 (31.48)

25/257 (9.73)

 < 0.0005

  Rheumatoid arthritis and connective tissue diseases

21/311 (6.75)

13/157 (8.28)

8/154 (5.19)

0.37

6/54 (11.11)

15/257 (5.84)

0.23

  Neurological disease (eg. epilepsy, sclerosis)

22/311 (7.07)

16/157 (10.19)

6/154 (3.90)

0.045

9/54 (16.67)

13/257 (5.06)

0.006

  Osteoarthritis

20/311 (6.43)

16/157 (10.19)

4/154 (2.60)

0.009

8/54 (14.81)

12/257 (4.67)

0.012

  Metabolic diseases (eg. hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism)

31/311 (9.97)

25/157 (15.92)

6/154 (3.90)

 < 0.0005

10/54 (18.52)

21/257 (8.17)

0.041

  Nephrological and urological diseases

54/311 (17.36)

35/157 (22.29)

19/154 (12.34)

0.025

19/54 (35.19)

35/257 (13.62)

0.001

  1. The distributions of baseline characteristics are presented for all patients. Baseline characteristics were compared between patients admitted in waves 1 and 2 and patients with and without critical COVID-19 disease
  2. IQR interquartile range, N number