Table 1 Barriers to TB case finding and retention in care and identified intervention strategies based on COM-B model and BCW framework among slum refugees in Kampala, Uganda
| Behavioral determinant | TB case finding and retention | Suggested interventions | BCW intervention strategies |
|---|---|---|---|
| Barriers | |||
| a) Capability | |||
| Psychological | Limited awareness about TB | Creating awareness for TB | Education |
| Physical |
Inadequate TB services Lack of targeted TB prevention and control strategies for refugees Lack of facilitation for health workers |
Training Enablement Environmental restructuring | |
| b) Opportunity | |||
| Social |
Stigma and discrimination Language barrier Avoidant and uncooperative behaviour Lack of collaboration and cooperation with family members, local leaders and across refugee camps |
Implementing partner integrating TB control services Working with refugee leaders Availability of translators |
Education Persuasion Enablement Environmental restructuring |
| Physical |
Poor living conditions Refugees are mobile |
Education Enablement | |
| c) Motivation | |||
| Automatic |
Fear of discrimination and rejection Fear to be tested for HIV and TB |
Education Enablement | |
| Reflective |
Fear of long waiting time in the public health facilities Lack of facilitation for health workers and working under risky conditions Side effects of TB medicine |
Integrate TB services with non-stigmatizing diseases Facilitation of health workers |
Enablement Environmental restructuring |