Table 1 Barriers to TB case finding and retention in care and identified intervention strategies based on COM-B model and BCW framework among slum refugees in Kampala, Uganda
Behavioral determinant | TB case finding and retention | Suggested interventions | BCW intervention strategies |
|---|---|---|---|
Barriers | |||
 a) Capability | |||
  Psychological | Limited awareness about TB | Creating awareness for TB | Education |
  Physical | Inadequate TB services Lack of targeted TB prevention and control strategies for refugees Lack of facilitation for health workers |  | Training Enablement Environmental restructuring |
 b) Opportunity | |||
  Social | Stigma and discrimination Language barrier Avoidant and uncooperative behaviour Lack of collaboration and cooperation with family members, local leaders and across refugee camps | Implementing partner integrating TB control services Working with refugee leaders Availability of translators | Education Persuasion Enablement Environmental restructuring |
  Physical | Poor living conditions Refugees are mobile |  | Education Enablement |
 c) Motivation | |||
  Automatic | Fear of discrimination and rejection Fear to be tested for HIV and TB |  | Education Enablement |
  Reflective | Fear of long waiting time in the public health facilities Lack of facilitation for health workers and working under risky conditions Side effects of TB medicine | Integrate TB services with non-stigmatizing diseases Facilitation of health workers | Enablement Environmental restructuring |