High prevalence of pre-treatment HIV drug resistance in Papua New Guinea: findings from the first nationally representative pre-treatment HIV drug resistance study

Table 2 HIV Pre-treatment drug resistance prevalence among people with HIV initiating and re-initiating ART in Papua New Guinea (July 2017–April 2018), by first-line treatment drug classes

All patients initiating or re-initiating ART
	N = 315	% (95% CI)^a
Any	51	18.4 (13.8–24.3)
NNRTI²	49	17.8 (13.6–23.0)
NRTI	13	5.6 (1.6–17.1)
PI³	0	0.0 (0.0–1.2)
NNRTI + NRTI	11	4.9 (1.5–14.5)

Patients initiating who are ART naïve
	n = 254	% (95% CI)^a
Any	30	12.3 (7.8–18.9)
NNRTI	28	11.6 (7.0–18.5)
NRTI	6	2.7 (1.0–7.1)
PI	0	0.0 (0.0–1.2)
NNRTI + NRTI	4	1.8 (0.6–5.9)

Patients re-initiating ART (ART-exposed)
	n = 61	% (95% CI)^a
Any	21	42.4 (29.1–56.9)
NNRTI	21	42.4 (29.1–56.9)
NRTI	7	16.9 (4.1–49.1)
PI	0	0.0 (0.0–1.2)
NNRTI + NRTI	7	16.9 (4.1–49.1)

CI confidence interval, ART antiretroviral therapy, NNRTI non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, NRTI nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; PI protease inhibitor
^aStudy design-weighted proportion and 95% confidence interval; ²NNRTI-based first-line regimens include efavirenz or nevirapine; ³PI-based first-line regimens include atazanavir, darunavir, or lopinavir/ritonavir

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