No. studies | No. examined | No. liver abnormalities | Prevalence | Heterogeneity | Egger's test | Subgroup difference | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(95% CI) % | Q-χ2 | Q-p | I 2 (95% CI) % | t | t/df | P | Q-χ2 | P | ||||
Overall | 21 | 268,247 | 43,917 | 18.64 (11.88, 26.50) | 39,543.36 | < 0.01 | 99.9 (99.9, 100.0) | 0.47 | 19 | 0.65 | ||
Study period | 10.73 | < 0.01 | ||||||||||
2016–2020 | 6 | 39,701 | 4864 | 31.29 (9.47, 58.84) | 12,033.09 | < 0.01 | 100.0 | 2.77 | 4 | 0.05 | ||
2011–2015 | 11 | 212,278 | 38,561 | 20.58 (12.16, 30.53) | 20,077.86 | < 0.01 | 100.0 (99.9, 100.0) | 0.61 | 9 | 0.56 | ||
≤ 2010 | 4 | 16,268 | 492 | 2.48 (0.11, 7.67) | 609.12 | < 0.01 | 99.5 (99.3, 99.6) | 0 | 2 | 0.1 | ||
Region | 9.7 | 0.02 | ||||||||||
Shanghai | 9 | 190,566 | 36,952 | 30.61 (19.25, 43.32) | 16,985.76 | < 0.01 | 100.0 (99.9, 100.0) | 1.27 | 7 | 0.23 | ||
Jiangsu | 4 | 21,353 | 3495 | 24.33 (11.13, 40.67) | 1824.26 | < 0.01 | 99.8 (99.8, 99.9) | 1.07 | 2 | 0.4 | ||
Zhejiang | 4 | 25,775 | 3276 | 14.64 (1.49, 37.86) | 5372.3 | < 0.01 | 99.9 (99.9, 100.0) | 2.86 | 2 | 0.1 | ||
Sichuan | 2 | 6440 | 54 | 2.30 (0.00, 15.24) | 150.98 | < 0.01 | 99.3 (98.8, 99.6) | – | – | – | ||
Study setting | 1.02 | 0.6 | ||||||||||
Urban | 9 | 42,956 | 8218 | 20.81 (8.14, 37.40) | 11,725.93 | < 0.01 | 99.9 | 0.98 | 7 | 0.36 | ||
Rural | 8 | 78,382 | 20,734 | 24.48 (10.43, 42.12) | 13,173.26 | < 0.01 | 99.9 (99.9, 100.0) | − 0.31 | 6 | 0.76 | ||
Mixed | 2 | 122,796 | 14,825 | 15.84 (8.27, 25.29) | 266.56 | < 0.01 | 99.6 (99.4, 99.8) | – | – | – | ||
Age | 14.09 | < 0.01 | ||||||||||
≥ 60 | 11 | 198,894 | 39,039 | 32.25 (22.07, 43.37) | 17,473.32 | 0 | 99.9 | 1.54 | 9 | 0.16 | ||
Whole range | 10 | 69,353 | 4878 | 7.27 (2.05, 15.31) | 9880.6 | 0 | 99.9 | 1.64 | 8 | 0.14 | ||
Gender | 0.05 | 0.83 | ||||||||||
Male | 7 | 14,913 | 3417 | 24.09 (11.30, 39.84) | 2554.25 | 0 | 99.8 (99.7, 99.8) | 0.4 | 5 | 0.71 | ||
Female | 7 | 19,386 | 3438 | 21.69 (7.91, 39.90) | 4535.49 | 0 | 99.9 (99.8, 99.9) | 0.93 | 5 | 0.39 |