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Table 5 Univariate analysis of the risk of multidrug resistance

From: The prevalence of antibiotic-resistant and multidrug-resistant bacteria in urine cultures from inpatients with spinal cord injuries and disorders: an 8-year, single-center study

Variable

MDR

N (%)

Non MDR

N (%)

Adjust OR

95% CI

p-value

Age (mean ± SD)

48 ± 17

51 ± 18

0.99

0.98–0.99

0.002

Sex

     

 Male

579 (52)

535 (48)

1.51

1.16–1.98

0.003

 Female

113 (42)

158 (58)

Reference

  

Etiology

     

 Non-traumatic

104 (47)

118 (53)

Reference

  

 Traumatic

588 (51)

575 (49)

1.16

0.87–1.55

0.311

Bladder management

     

 CIC

105 (36)

186 (64)

Reference

  

 UC/SC

559 (55)

464 (45)

2.13

1.63–2.79

0.000

 SV

28 (39)

43 (61)

1.15

0.68–1.97

0.599

Severity of injury

     

 AIS D

145 (46)

171 (54)

Reference

  

 C1–C4, AIS A or B or C

133 (59)

94 (41)

1.67

1.18–2.36

0.004

 C5–C8, AIS A or B or C

120 (47)

134 (53)

1.06

0.76–1.47

0.747

 T1–S5, AIS A or B or C

293 (50)

290 (50)

1.19

0.91–1.57

0.211

Time since injury

     

 < 1 year

467 (49.0)

486 (51.0)

Reference

  

 1–5 years

78 (56.5)

60 (43.5)

1.35

0.94–1.94

0.100

 6–10 years

37 (50.0)

37 (50.0)

1.04

0.65–1.67

0.869

 > 10 years

110 (50.0)

110 (50.0)

1.04

0.78–1.40

0.790

  1. Bold value means singificant values
  2. AIS The American Spinal Injury Association Impairment scale, UC indwelling urethral catheter, SC suprapubic catheter, CIC clean intermittent catheterization, SV spontaneous voiding