Table 2 Performance of 6 coding algorithms using ICD-10-CM codes for years 2016–2019 to identify people with hepatitis B virus infection according to 3 reference standards (RSs) and 2 study periods

Positive predictive value

1. ≥ 1OP codes

20.5

42.7

85.9

39.0

56.8

86.1

(95% CI)

(16.8–24.2)

(38.2–47.3)

(82.7–89.1)

(34.5–43.5)

(52.3–61.4)

(82.9–89.3)

2. ≥ 2 OP codes

20.2

44.5

87.3

38.9

58.6

87.6

(95% CI)

(16.3–24.1)

(39.7–49.3)

(84.1–90.6)

(34.2–43.6)

(53.9–63.4)

(84.4–90.8)

3. ≥ 3 OP codes

20.7

47.4

89.6

40.1

61.9

89.9

(95% CI)

(16.6–24.9)

(42.3–52.5)

(86.5–92.8)

(35.0–45.1)

(56.9–66.8)

(86.8–93.0)

4. ≥ 2OP or ≥ 1IP codes

20.4

42.3

86.6

38.4

56.2

88.5

(95% CI)

(16.7–24.1)

(37.8–46.8)

(83.4–89.7)

(34.0–42.8)

(51.7–60.7)

(85.6–91.4)

5. ≥ 3OP or ≥ 1IP codes

21.1

44.8

88.6

39.6

59.0

90.8

(95% CI)

(17.2–25.0)

(40.0–49.5)

(85.6–91.7)

(34.9–44.2)

(54.3–63.7)

(88.0–93.5)

6. ≥ 4OP or ≥ 1IP codes

20.9

45.6

89.3

39.9

59.9

91.5

(95% CI)

(17.0–24.9)

(40.8–50.5)

(86.3–92.3)

(35.1–44.7)

(55.1–64.7)

(88.8–94.3)

Sensitivity

1. ≥ 1OP codes

63.7

78.5

72.6

59.6

65.5

53.6

(95% CI)

(55.9–71.5)

(73.4–83.7)

(68.9–76.4)

(54.0–65.2)

(60.8–70.2)

(50.0–57.3)

2. ≥ 2 OP codes

56.8

74.1

66.9

53.9

61.2

49.4

(95% CI)

(48.8–64.9)

(68.6–79.6)

(62.9–70.8)

(48.2–59.5)

(56.4–66.0)

(45.8–53.0)

3. ≥ 3 OP codes

52.1

70.4

61.3

49.5

57.6

45.3

(95% CI)

(44.0–60.2)

(64.8–76.1)

(57.2–65.4)

(43.8–55.2)

(52.7–62.5)

(41.7–48.9)

4. ≥ 2OP or ≥ 1IP codes

64.4

78.9

74.3

59.6

65.7

56.0

(95% CI)

(56.6–72.2)

(73.9–84.0)

(70.6–78.0)

(54.0–65.2)

(61.1–70.4)

(52.4–59.6)

5. ≥ 3OP or ≥ 1IP codes

61.0

76.5

69.6

56.2

63.2

52.5

(95% CI)

(53.1–68.9)

(71.2–81.8)

(65.8–73.5)

(50.6–61.9)

(58.4–68.0)

(48.9–56.2)

6. ≥ 4OP or ≥ 1IP codes

57.5

74.1

66.7

53.9

60.9

50.3

(95% CI)

(49.5–65.6)

(68.6–79.6)

(62.7–70.7)

(48.2–59.5)

(56.1–65.7)

(46.7–54.0)