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Table 1 Guidelines on testing and treatment of uncomplicated chlamydia (CT) in asymptomatic women and MSM

From: Controversies and evidence on Chlamydia testing and treatment in asymptomatic women and men who have sex with men: a narrative review

Testing and treatment^

Urogenital CT

Pharyngeal CT

Rectal CT

Europe (6), UK (7), Australia (9), US (8)

Routine testing (or when a change of sex partner occurs) in people < 25 or 30 years of age and in key populations; implementation in countries varies (e.g., age-based, or by behavioural risk, specific settings/venues) in women and MSM

No testing or selective testing based on reports of oral sex or symptoms in women at STI clinics. Several countries recommend routine testing in MSM

No testing or selective testing based on reports of anal sex or symptoms in women at STI clinics. Most countries recommend routine testing in MSM

Treatment*

   

Europe (‘15)#

Azithromycin

Azithromycin

Doxycycline

UK (‘18)

Doxycycline

Doxycycline

Doxycycline

Australia#

Doxycycline or Azithromycin

Doxycycline or Azithromycin

Doxycycline

USA (2021)

Doxycycline

Doxycycline

Doxycycline

  1. ^Concerns opportunistic/targeted testing. In addition, in some countries, young people could/can enter community-based testing programs
  2. *Recommended first-line treatment shown
  3. #In the progress of revising guidance