Table 1 Clinical characteristics of all patients in four cohorts:
From: RT-PCR negative COVID-19
N | COVID-19 patient cohorts | P1 | P2 | P3 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PCR confirmed | Probables | Suspects | Non-Suspects | |||||
40 | 20 | 15 | 43 | |||||
Median (IQR) | Age (years) | 60.0 (43.5–65.3) | 53.0 (40.5–64.5) | 57.0 (47.5–62.5) | 53.0 (46.5–61.0) | 0.742 | 0.740 | 0.941 |
Median (IQR) | BMI | 26.4 (24.0–32.5) | 30.8 (26.0–35.0) | 25.9 (24.2–32.9) | 28.1 (25.0–31.4) | 0.101 | 0.217 | 0.111 |
N (%) | Male | 28 (70.0%) | 13 (65.0%) | 8 (53.3%) | 31 (72.1%) | 0.772 | 0.510 | 0.570 |
Median (IQR) | Days between symptom onset and RT-PCR test | 6 (4–7) | 3 (1–9) | 1 (0–5) | NA | 0.676 | 0.154 | NA |
Median (IQR) | Days between symptom onset and Ab test | 11 (7–17) | 14 (4–24) | 14 (4–16) | NA | 0.655 | 0.688 | NA |
Race/Ethnicity | ||||||||
N (%) | Black or African American | 19 (47.5%) | 8 (40.0%) | 8 (53.3%) | 26 (60.4%) | 0.735 | 0.809 | 0.318 |
N (%) | Hispanic or Latino | 13 (32.5%) | 9 (45.0%) | 5 (33.3%) | 12 (28.0%) | |||
N (%) | Caucasian | 6 (15.0%) | 3 (15.0%) | 2 (13.3%) | 4 (9.3%) | |||
N (%) | Others | 2 (5.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (2.3%) | |||
N (%) | Chest imaging findings consistent with COVID | 26 (65.0%) | 18 (90.0%) | 13 (86.7%) | NA | 0.061 | 1.00 | NA |
N (%) | Symptoms and risk factors | |||||||
N (%) | Fever | 14 (35.0%) | 8 (40.0%) | 3 (20.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.779 | 0.281 | < 0.001 |
N (%) | Coughing | 12 (30.0%) | 8 (40.0%) | 5 (33.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.563 | 0.737 | 0.002 |
N (%) | Dyspnea | 19 (47.5%) | 14 (70.0%) | 11 (73.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.168 | 1.00 | < 0.001 |
N (%) | Chills | 6 (15.0%) | 4 (20.0%) | 1 (6.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.718 | 0.365 | 0.008 |
N (%) | Sore throat | 1 (2.5%) | 1 (5.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.317 |
N (%) | Diarrhea | 4 (10.0%) | 4 (20.0%) | 2 (13.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.421 | 0.680 | 0.008 |
N (%) | Altered mental status | 3 (7.5%) | 2 (10.0%) | 1 (6.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.090 |
N (%) | Known or suspected exposure | 2 (5.0%) | 1 (5.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1.000 | 1.000 | NA |
Disease severity at admission | ||||||||
N (%) | Asymptomatic | 10 (25.0%) | 2 (10.0%) | *3 (20.0%) | NA | 0.264 | 0.607 | NA |
N (%) | Mild-moderate | 11 (27.5%) | 4 (20.0%) | 6 (40.0%) | NA | |||
N (%) | Hypoxic-no ICU | 18 (45.0%) | 12 (60.0%) | 5 (33.3%) | NA | |||
N (%) | Critical-ICU | 1 (2.5%) | 2 (10.0%) | 1 (6.7%) | NA | |||
Disease severity at collection | ||||||||
N (%) | Asymptomatic | 8 (20.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | *3 (20.0%) | NA | 0.079 | 0.151 | NA |
N (%) | Mild-moderate | 14 (35.0%) | 12 (60.0%) | 7 (46.7%) | NA | |||
N (%) | Hypoxic-no ICU | 16 (40.0%) | 7 (35.0%) | 3 (20.0%) | NA | |||
N (%) | Critical-ICU | 2 (5.0%) | 1 (5.0%) | 2 (13.3%) | NA | |||
Disease severity at peak | ||||||||
N (%) | Asymptomatic | 8 (20.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | *3 (20.0%) | NA | 0.039 | 0.209 | NA |
N (%) | Mild-moderate | 8 (20.0%) | 4 (20.0%) | 4 (26.7%) | NA | |||
N (%) | Hypoxic-no ICU | 22 (55.0%) | 12 (60.0%) | 6 (40.0%) | NA | |||
N (%) | Critical-ICU | 2 (5.0%) | 4 (20.0%) | 2 (13.3%) | NA | |||
Chronic medical conditions | ||||||||
N (%) | Hypertension | 21 (52.5%) | 11 (55.0%) | 7 (46.7%) | 25 (58.1%) | 1.000 | 0.738 | 1.000 |
N (%) | Heart disease | 5 (12.5%) | 3 (15.0%) | 4 (26.7%) | 10 (23.2%) | 1.000 | 0.430 | 0.520 |
N (%) | Diabetes | 13 (32.5%) | 7 (35.0%) | 5 (33.3%) | 10 (23.2%) | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.370 |
N (%) | Liver disease | 2 (5.0%) | 3 (15.0%) | 6 (40.0%) | 2 (4.7%) | 0.322 | 0.129 | 0.315 |
N (%) | Lung disease | 7 (17.5%) | 6 (30.0%) | 5 (33.3%) | 5 (11.6%) | 0.326 | 1.000 | 0.060 |
N (%) | Kidney disease | 6 (15.0%) | 4 (20.0%) | 5 (33.3%) | 7 (16.3%) | 1.000 | 0.246 | 1.000 |
Microbiology | ||||||||
N (%) | Positive respiratory pathogen panel | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (5.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | NA | 0.154 | 1.000 | NA |
N (%) | Positive sputum culture | 4 (10.0%) | 4 (20.0%) | 2 (13.3%) | NA | 0.283 | 0.680 | |
N (%) | Positive blood culture | 5 (12.5%) | 2 (10.0%) | 2 (13.3%) | NA | 0.776 | 1.000 | |
N (%) | Positive urine culture | 8 (20.0%) | 6 (30.0%) | 6 (40.0%) | NA | 0.388 | 0.721 | |
Treatments# | ||||||||
N (%) | COVID directed (any) | 23 (71.8%) | 7 (35.0%) | 2 (16.7%) | 0 | 0.008 | 0.264 | NA |
Length hospital days | ||||||||
Median (IQR) | 14 (7.8–19.3) | 16 (7.0–23.0) | 15 (5.5–22.5) | NA | 0.813 | 0.676 | NA | |
Outcomes | ||||||||
N (%) | Uninfected | NA | NA | NA | 43 (100.0%) | NA | ||
N (%) | Survived | 36 (90.0%) | 19 (95.0%) | 14 (93.3%) | NA | 0.656 | 1.000 | |