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Table 1 Maternal, infant & household characteristics of participants in the pneumococcal carriage sub-study in Dhaka, Bangladesh (N = 1060)

From: Effect of maternal vitamin D supplementation on nasal pneumococcal acquisition, carriage dynamics and carriage density in infants in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Characteristics

Prenatal; postpartum vitamin D dose (IU/week)

P1

A: 0; 0

B: 4200; 0

C: 16,800; 0

D: 28,000; 0

E:28,000;28,000

N = 206

N = 218

N = 208

N = 216

N = 212

Mother’s age (years), median ± (25th, 75th percentile)

23 (20, 26)

22.5 (20, 25)

22 (20, 25)

22 (20, 26)

22 (20, 26)

0.7

Month at enrollment (maternal), n (%)

     

0.9

 March–May

78 (38)

72 (33)

81 (39)

76 (35)

71 (33)

 

 June–August

68 (33)

68 (31)

64 (31)

78 (36)

69 (33)

 September–November

29 (14)

44 (20)

32 (15)

30 (14)

37 (17)

 

 December–February

31 (15)

34 (16)

31 (15)

32 (15)

35 (17)

 

Mother’s education, n (%)

     

0.7

 No education or primary incomplete

52 (25)

53 (25)

54 (26)

58 (27)

57 (27)

 

 Primary complete

31 (15)

33 (15)

21 (10)

32 (15)

35 (17)

 

 Secondary incomplete

81 (39)

74 (34)

92 (44)

81 (38)

78 (37)

 

 Secondary complete

42 (20)

58 (27)

41 (20)

45 (21)

42 (19)

 

Asset quintile, n (%)

     

0.4A

 1 (lowest)

44 (21)

53 (24)

30 (15)

52 (24)

42 (20)

 

 2

36 (18)

45 (21)

52 (25)

38 (18)

39 (19)

 

 3

46 (22)

36 (17)

42 (20)

42 (20)

45 (21)

 

 4

39 (19)

36 (17)

45 (22)

45 (21)

43 (20)

 

 5 (highest)

41 (20)

47 (21)

38 (18)

36 (17)

43 (20)

 

Maternal height (cm), mean ± SD

151.0 ± 5.4

150.7 ± 5.1

150.5 ± 5.4

149.9 ± 5.3

151.6 ± 5.5

0.03

Maternal serum 25(OH)D concentration at delivery (nmol/L), median (25th, 75th percentile)

21.7

(13.7, 30.2)

67.4

(56.7, 80.6)

101.8

(82.1, 116.6)

109.2

(92.5, 128.2)

111.1

(93.9, 132.8)

0.0B

Maternal serum 25(OH)D concentration at 3 months (nmol/L), median (25th, 75th percentile)

24.6

(17.3, 36.9)

30.2

(24.1, 36.9)

50.4

(42.4, 56.7)

58.8

(50.2, 67.6)

98.8

(83.4, 111.3)

0.0C

Mode of delivery (n, %)

     

0.3

 Vaginal

102 (49.5)

91 (42)

99 (48)

113 (52)

98 (46)

 

 C-section

104 (50.5)

127 (58)

109 (54)

103 (48)

114 (54)

 

Location of delivery (n, %)2

     

0.5

 Facility

175 (85)

192 (88)

177 (85)

179 (83)

175 (83)

 

 Home

30 (15)

26 (12)

30 (14)

37 (17)

37 (17)

 

Number of siblings in household (n, %)

     

0.4

 0

90 (44)

107 (49)

98 (47)

102 (47)

96 (45)

 

 1

78 (38)

87 (40)

76 (37)

87 (40)

87 (41)

 

 2 or more

38 (18)

24 (11)

34 (16)

27 (13)

29 (14)

 

Month of birth, n (%)

     

0.08

 March–May

26 (13)

31 (14)

30 (14)

21 (10)

38 (18)

 

 June–August

62 (30)

54 (24)

56 (27)

71 (33)

63 (30)

 

 September–November

76 (37)

67 (31)

80 (39)

72 (33)

59 (28)

 

December–February

42 (20)

66 (31)

42 (20)

52 (24)

52 (24)

 

Infant sex (n, %)

     

0.7

 Male

97 (47)

119 (55)

104 (50)

110 (51)

106 (50)

 

 Female

109 (53)

99 (45)

104 (50)

106 (49)

106 (50)

 

PCV10 vaccination by 8 weeks, n (%)

     

0.6

 0 Doses

103 (50)

113 (52)

95 (46)

116 (54)

108 (51)

 

 1 or more doses

103 (50)

105 (48)

113 (54)

100 (46)

104 (49)

 

PCV10 vaccination by 12 weeks, n (%)

     

0.8

 0 Doses

82 (40)

86 (39)

74 (36)

82 (38)

86 (41)

 

 1 or more doses

124 (60)

132 (61)

134 (64)

134 (62)

126 (58)

 

Length-for age-Z-score* at birth, mean (SD)

− 0.80 (1.05)

− 0.91 (1.12)

− 0.89 (1.10)

− 1.03 (1.02)

− 0.88 (0.98)

0.5D

Weight-for-age-Z-score* at birth, mean (SD)

− 1.12 (0.81)

− 1.29 (0.89)

− 1.14 (0.88)

− 1.33 (0.84)

− 1.14 (0.88)

0.1E

Venous cord 25(OH)D (nmol/L) median ± (25th, 75th percentile)

9.9 (6.7,15.9)

36.2

(31.7,41.7)

59.7

(48.9, 68.6)

70.4

(61.9, 82.9)

71.1

(57.2, 81.9)

0.0F

Infant 25(OH)D concentrations at 3 months (nmol/L) median ± (25th, 75th percentile)

24.1

(11.1, 49.7)

28.7 (18.3,48.4)

30.9

(20.1, 50.4)

34.2

(26.9, 48.9)

73.9

(61.9, 85.6)

0.0G

  1. *Standardized for gestational age & sex using INTERGROWTH-21st Standards (preterm) or WHO Standards (term)
  2. An0/0 = 206, n4,200/0 = 217, n16,800/0 = 207, n28,000/0 = 213, n28,000/28,000 = 212 for each treatment group, respectively
  3. Bn0/0 = 114, n4,200/0 = 117, n16,800/0 = 127, n28,000/0 = 108, n28,000/28,000 = 122 for each treatment group, respectively
  4. Cn0/0 = 101, n4,200/0 = 107, n16,800/0 = 115, n28,000/0 = 100, n28,000/28,000 = 109 for each treatment group, respectively
  5. Dn0/0 = 141, n4,200/0 = 150, n16,800/0 = 144, n28,000/0 = 142, n28,000/28,000 = 147 for each treatment group, respectively
  6. En0/0 = 143, n4,200/0 = 151, n16,800/0 = 145, n28,000/0 = 143, n28,000/28,000 = 150 for each treatment group, respectively
  7. Fn0/0 = 85, n4,200/0 = 97, n16,800/0 = 101, n28,000/0 = 89, n28,000/28,000 = 90 for each treatment group, respectively
  8. Gn0/0 = 67, n4,200/0 = 61, n16,800/0 = 58, n28,000/0 = 62, n28,000/28,000 = 74 for each treatment group, respectively
  9. 1Parametric and non-parametric tests (ANOVA, Kruska-Wallis & Chi-square) were selected based on data distribution and used to determine p-values
  10. 2Other/unknown location of delivery was 1 (0.5%) for group A and 1 (0.5%) for group C
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BMC Infectious Diseases

ISSN: 1471-2334

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