From: Sentinel surveillance for influenza A viruses in Lahore District Pakistan in flu season 2015–2016
Response | ILI (n = 284) | SARI (n = 27) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
IAV positive (n = 40) | IAV negative (n = 244) | IAV positive (n = 10) | IAV negative (n = 17) | ||
Characteristics | |||||
Current or history of fever | No | 1 (2.5%) | 27 (11.1%) | 1 (10%) | 1 (5.9%) |
Yes | 39 (97.5%) | 217 (88.9%) | 9 (90%) | 16 (94%) | |
Sore throat | No | 8 (20%) | 53 (21.7%) | 1 (10%) | 8 (47.1%) |
Yes | 32 (80%) | 191 (78.3%) | 9 (90%) | 9 (52.9%) | |
Difficult breathing | No | 25 (62.5%) | 151 (61.9%) | 3 (30%) | 7 (41.2%) |
Yes | 15 (37.5%) | 93 (38.1%) | 7 (70%) | 10 (58.8%) | |
Sneezing | No | 13 (32.5%) | 98 (40.2%) | 2 (20%) | 8 (47.1%) |
Yes | 27 (67.5%) | 146 (59.8%) | 8 (80%) | 9 (52.9%) | |
Cough | No | 5 (12.5%) | 37 (15.2%) | 1 (10%) | 1 (5.9%) |
Yes | 35 (87.5%) | 207 (84.8%) | 9 (90%) | 16 (94.1%) | |
Running nose | No | 9 (22.5%) | 83 (34%) | 3 (30%) | 5 (29.4%) |
Yes | 31 (77.5%) | 161 (66%) | 7 (70%) | 12 (70.6%) | |
Nausea | No | 34 (85%) | 215 (88%) | 9 (90%) | 17 (100%) |
Yes | 6 (15%) | 29 (12%) | 1 (10%) | 0 (0%) | |
Vomiting | No | 36 (90%) | 221 (90.6%) | 6 (60%) | 14 (82.4%) |
Yes | 4 (10%) | 23 (9.4%) | 4 (40%) | 3 (17.6%) | |
Diarrhea | No | 38 (95%) | 227 (93%) | 10 (10%) | 13 (76.5%) |
Yes | 2 (5%) | 17 (7%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (23.5%) | |
Headache | No | 22 (55%) | 150 (61.5%) | 2 (20%) | 6 (35.3%) |
Yes | 18 (45%) | 94 (38.5%) | 8 (80%) | 11 (64.7%) | |
Seizures | No | 39 (97.5%) | 239 (98%) | 10 (10%) | 16 (94.1%) |
Yes | 1 (2.5%) | 5 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (5.9%) | |
Altered consciousness | No | 40 (100%) | 238 (97.5%) | 10 (10%) | 16 (94.1%) |
Yes | 0 (0%) | 6 (2.5%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (5.9%) | |
Muscle pain | No | 19 (47.5%) | 110 (45%) | 1 (10%) | 7 (41.2%) |
Yes | 21 (52.5%) | 134 (56%) | 9 (90%) | 10 (58.8%) | |
Joint pain | No | 36 (90%) | 211 (86.5%) | 8 (80%) | 15 (88.2%) |
Yes | 4 (10%) | 33 (13.5%) | 2 (20%) | 2 (11.8%) | |
Epistaxis | No | 39 (97.5%) | 223 (91.4%) | 10 (10%) | 16 (94.1%) |
Yes | 1 (2.5%) | 11 (4.6%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (5.9%) | |
Conjunctivitis | No | 34 (85%) | 213 (87.3%) | 8 (80%) | 11 (64.7%) |
Yes | 6 (15%) | 31 (12.7%) | 2 (20%) | 6 (35.3%) | |
Co-morbidities | |||||
Diabetes | No | 39 (97.5%) | 223 (91.4%) | 10 (10%) | 15 (88.2%) |
Yes | 1 (2.5%) | 11 (4.6%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (11.8%) | |
Heart diseases | No | 39 (97.5%) | 239 (98%) | 10 (10%) | 17 (100%) |
Yes | 1 (2.5%) | 5 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
Seizures | No | 40 (100%) | 243 (99.6%) | 10 (10%) | 16 (94.1%) |
Yes | 0 (0%) | 1 (0.4%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (5.9%) | |
Lung diseases | No | 40 (100%) | 243 (99.6%) | 10 (10%) | 17 (100%) |
Yes | 0 (0%) | 1 (0.4%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
Asthma | No | 40 (100%) | 238 (97.5%) | 10 (10%) | 16 (94.1%) |
Yes | 0 (0%) | 6 (2.5%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (5.9%) | |
Allergy | No | 40 (100%) | 239 (98%) | 10 (10%) | 17 (100%) |
Yes | 0 (0%) | 5 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
Hepatitis B | No | 40 (100%) | 241 (98.8%) | 10 (10%) | 17 (100%) |
Yes | 0 (0%) | 3 (1.2%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
Hepatitis C | No | 38 (95%) | 231 (94.7%) | 10 (10%) | 15 (88.2%) |
Yes | 2 (5%) | 13 (5.3%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (11.8%) | |
Obesity | No | 39 (97.5%) | 235 (96.3%) | 9 (90%) | 16 (94.1%) |
Yes | 1 (2.5%) | 9 (3.7%) | 1 (10%) | 1 (5.9%) | |
Malnutrition | No | 40 (100%) | 243 (99.6%) | 10 (10%) | 17 (100%) |
Yes | 0 (0%) | 1 (0.4%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
Immune deficiency/ HIV | No | 40 (100%) | 244 (100%) | 10 (10%) | 17 (100%) |
Yes | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
Tuberculosis | No | 37 (92.5%) | 235 (96.3%) | 10 (10%) | 17 (100%) |
Yes | 3 (7.5%) | 9 (3.7%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
Multiple conditions | No | 39 (97.5%) | 234 (95.9%) | 10 (10%) | 17 (100%) |
Yes | 1 (2.5%) | 10 (4.1%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
Other diseases | No | 37 (92.5%) | 219 (89.8%) | 9 (90%) | 16 (94.1%) |
Yes | 3 (7.5%) | 25 (10.2%) | 1 (10%) | 1 (5.9%) |