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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study population

From: Diagnostic and prognostic value of presepsin and procalcitonin in non-infectious organ failure, sepsis, and septic shock: a prospective observational study according to the Sepsis-3 definitions

Variables

Non-infectious organ failure (n = 142)

Sepsis (n = 141)

Septic shock (n = 137)

p value

Age, median (IQR)

66 (51–80)

76 (67–83)

77 (62–83)

< 0.001

Male, n (%)

85 (56)

85 (62)

74 (57)

0.519

Charlson comorbidity index

4 (3–5)

3 (3–5)

5 (4–6)

0.182

Underlying diseases, n (%)

 Diabetes mellitus

37 (26)

54 (38)

51 (37)

0.055

 Hypertension

60 (42)

78 (55)

66 (48)

0.089

 Malignancy

23 (16)

23 (16)

19 (14)

0.818

 Chronic liver disease

9 (6)

8 (6)

11 (8)

0.720

 Chronic kidney disease

7 (5)

16 (11)

11 (8)

0.141

 Cardiovascular disease

10 (7)

15 (11)

13 (10)

0.560

Site of infection, n (%)

 Respiratory

 

84 (60)

81 (59)

0.713

 Genitourinary

 

35 (25)

33 (24)

0.367

 Gastrointestinal

 

14 (10)

13 (10)

0.386

 Others

 

13 (9)

15 (11)

0.281

Positive blood culture, n (%)

 

60 (43)

62 (45)

0.412

APACHE II score, median (IQR)

23 (18–29)

26 (22–32)

29 (25–33)

< 0.001

SOFA score, median (IQR)

6 (3–8)

6 (5–8)

10 (8–12)

< 0.001

NEWS, median (IQR)

9 (7–11)

10 (8–12)

11 (9–14)

< 0.001

MEWS, median (IQR)

5 (4–7)

6 (5–7)

7 (6–9)

< 0.001

WBC (× 109/L), median (IQR)

11.30 (8.17–14.63)

11.94 (8.24–17.06)

11.22 (6.68–20.04)

0.343

CRP (mg/dL), median (IQR)

0.53 (0.13–2.42)

7.50 (3.33–16.66)

10.07 (3.99–20.70)

< 0.001

Procalcitonin (ng/mL), median (IQR)

0.10 (0.05–0.25)

0.98 (0.35–4.25)

4.22 (0.88–21.02)

< 0.001

Presepsin (pg/mL), median (IQR)

286 (170–417)

792 (450–1273)

1287 (589–2366)

< 0.001

Lactate (mmol/L), median (IQR)

2.0 (1.4–4.6)

2.2 (1.5–4.9)

4.4 (2.4–8.1)

< 0.001

Creatinine (mg/dL), median (IQR)

1.3 (0.9–2.1)

1.3 (0.9–2.5)

1.7 (1.1–2.6)

< 0.001

Bilirubin (mg/dL), median (IQR)

0.6 (0.4–1.1)

0.7 (0.4–1.3)

0.7 (0.4–1.2)

0.003

Platelet (× 1000/μL), median (IQR)

200 (139–286)

206 (142–301)

185 (102–258)

0.002

Length of hospital stay (days), median (IQR)

8 (3–15)

8 (3–14)

11 (4–17)

0.243

Length of ICU stay (days), median (IQR)

4 (2–5)

4 (2–6)

5 (2–7)

0.218

7-day mortality

11 (7.2)

11 (8.0)

33 (25.2)

< 0.001

14-day mortality

16 (10.5)

19 (13.9)

40 (30.5)

< 0.001

30-day mortality

20 (13.2)

22 (16.1)

47 (35.9)

< 0.001

90-day mortality

21 (13.8)

33 (24.1)

52 (39.7)

< 0.001

  1. IQR interquartile range, APACHE Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation, SOFA sepsis-related organ failure assessment, NEWS National Early Warning Score, MEWS Modified Early Warning Score, WBC white blood cell, CRP C-reactive protein, ICU intensive care unit
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BMC Infectious Diseases

ISSN: 1471-2334

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