Table 1 Baseline demographics, clinical and laboratory features of stroke among HAART-naive people living with HIV (PLWH)

Patients number (%)

2867 (100)

2762 (100)

105 (100)

–

59 (100)

5 (100)

34 (100)

7 (100)

–

Demographic data

 Age (years)^a

37 (18–83)

38 (18–79)

47 (20–83)

–

46 (22–70)

39 (24–51)

51 (20–83)

44 (32–54)

–

 Age < 30 years

724 (25.3)

712 (25.8)

12 (11.4)

 < 0.001

9 (15.3)

1 (20.0)

2 (5.9)

0

0.023^b

 30 ≤ Age < 55 years

1846 (64.4)

1781 (64.5)

65 (61.9)

36 (61.0)

4 (80.0)

18 (52.9)

7 (100.0)

 Age ≥ 55 years

297 (10.4)

269 (9.7)

28 (26.7)

14 (23.7)

0

14 (41.2)

0

 Gender-male (%)

2587 (90.2)

2493 (90.3)

94 (89.5)

0.803

52 (88.1)

3 (60.0)

32 (94.1)

7 (100.0)

0.138^c

 Cigarette smoking history (%)

892 (31.1)

848 (30.7)

44 (41.9)

0.015

24 (40.7)

2 (40.0)

14 (41.2)

4 (57.1)

0.871^c

 Alcoholic drinking history (%)

770 (26.9)

739 (26.8)

31 (29.5)

0.530

18 (30.5)

2 (40.0)

9 (26.5)

2 (28.6)

0.933^c

 Transmission route

  Homosexual (%)

1728 (60.6)

1671 (60.5)

67 (63.8)

0.611^c

38 (64.4)

2 (40.0)

22 (64.7)

5 (71.4)

0.847^b

  Heterosexual (%)

811 (28.3)

787 (28.5)

24 (22.9)

13 (22.0)

3 (60.0)

7 (20.6)

1 (14.3)

  Blood transfusion (%)

271 (9.5)

259 (9.4)

12 (11.4)

7 (11.9)

0

4 (11.8)

1 (14.3)

  Intravenous drug (%)

47 (1.6)

45 (1.6)

2 (1.9)

1 (1.7)

0

1 (2.9)

0

Laboratory results

 CD4 < 200 cells/µL (%)

2378 (82.9)

2283 (82.7)

95 (90.5)

0.037

51 (86.4)

5 (100.0)

32 (94.1)

7 (100.0)

0.262

 TC > 6.2 mmol/L (%)

34 (1.2)

33 (1.2)

1 (1.0)

1.000^c

0

0

1 (2.9)

0

0.517^b

 TG > 2.3 mmol/L (%)

318 (11.1)

304 (11.0)

14 (13.3)

0.456

7 (11.9)

1 (20.0)

4 (11.8)

2 (28.6)

0.688^c

 HDL < 0.96 mmol/L (%)

2451 (85.5)

2357 (85.3)

94 (89.5)

0.232

53 (89.8)

4 (80.0)

30 (88.2)

7 (100.0)

0.571^c

 LDL > 4.2 mmol/L (%)

28 (1.0)

28 (1.0)

0

0.595^b

–

–

–

–

Epidemiological data

 Complications

  Diabetes (%)

110 (3.8)

94 (3.4)

16 (15.2)

 < 0.001

9 (15.3)

1 (20.0)

5 (14.7)

1 (15.2)

0.993^c

  Hpertension (%)

351 (12.2)

318 (11.5)

33 (31.4)

 < 0.001

16 (27.1)

3 (60.0)

12 (35.3)

2 (28.6)

0.475^c

  Syphilis (%)

589 (20.5)

553 (20.0)

36 (34.3)

 < 0.001

25 (42.4)

0

9 (26.5)

2 (28.6))

0.074^b

  Severe pneumonia (%)

261 (9.1)

246 (8.9)

15 (14.3)

0.060

4 (6.8)

0

8 (23.5)

3 (42.9)

0.017^b

  AIDS-defining CNS diseases (%)

105 (3.7)

86 (3.1)

19 (18.1)

 < 0.001

10 (16.9)

2 (40.0)

5 (14.7)

2 (28.6)

0.553^c

 Opportunistic infections

  CMV (%)

800 (27.9)

767 (27.8)

33 (31.4)

0.412

19 (32.2)

0

15 (44.1)

4 (57.1)

0.070^b

  PCP (%)

1034 (36.1)

994 (36.0)

40 (38.1)

0.659

22 (37.3)

1 (20.0)

13 (38.2)

4 (57.1)

0.611^c

  TB (%)

731 (25.5)

712 (25.7)

19 (18.1)

0.180

8 (13.6)

2 (40.0)

8 (23.5)

1 (14.3)

0.409^c

  Cryptococcosis (%)

185 (6.5)

177 (6.4)

8 (7.6)

0.620

1 (1.7)

0

5 (14.7)

2 (28.6)

0.022^b

Death (%)

188 (6.6)

176 (6.3)

12 (11.4)

0.040

5 (8.5)

2 (40.0)

4 (11.8)

1 (14.3)

0.350^c