BMC Infectious Diseases

Table 4 Univariable and multivariable cox proportional hazards model for PCR-uncorrected/corrected treatment failure (ASAQ)

From: Trends and predictive factors for treatment failure following artemisinin-based combination therapy among children with uncomplicated malaria in Ghana: 2005–2018

Characteristics	PCR uncorrected analysis				PCR corrected analysis
	Unadjusted		Adjusted		Unadjusted		Adjusted
	HR (95% CI)	P-value	HR (95% CI)	P-value	HR (95% CI)	P-value	HR (95% CI)	P-value
Gender
Female^a
Male	1.06 [0.87, 1.28]	0.593	1.09 [0.90, 1.32]	0.355	1.09 [0.71, 1.67]	0.707	1.20 [0.90, 1.61]	0.216
Age group (yrs)
≥ 5^a
< 5	1.91 [1.40, 2.61]	< 0.001	1.84 [1.48, 2.28]	< 0.001	1.41 [0.99, 2.05]	0.056	1.39 [0.83, 2.33]	0.205
Ecological zone		0.014		0.014		0.004		0.004
Savannah^a
Forest	0.65 [0.30, 1.39]	0.270	0.74 [0.36, 1.53]	0.419	0.30 [0.06, 1.38]	0.122	0.31 [0.07, 1.36]	0.119
Coastal	1.19 [0.59, 2.41]	0.625	1.34 [0.68, 2.65]	0.401	1.41 [0.65, 3.05]	0.383	1.70 [0.82, 3.52]	0.154
Temperature day 0
< 37.5 °C^a
≥ 37.5 °C	1.73 [1.12, 2.68]	0.013	1.45 [0.89, 2.39]	0.139	0.86 [0.46, 1.62]	0.644	0.69 [0.30, 1.54]	0.361
Temperature day1
< 37.5 °C^a
≥ 37.5 °C	1.06 [0.50, 2.25]	0.887	1.13 [0.53, 2.43]	0.746	3.36 [1.32, 8.55]	0.011	3.96 [1.61, 9.75]	0.003
Parasitemia day 0
< 50000^a
≥ 50,000	0.80 [0.56, 1.15]	0.225	0.78 [0.54, 1.12]	0.177	0.63 [0.35, 1.12]	0.112	0.63 [0.36, 1.10]	0.106
Parasitaemia day 3
Yes^a
No	0.13 [0.03, 0.56]	0.006	0.15 [0.03, 0.72]	0.017	0.05 [0.01, 0.57]	0.015	0.05 [0.01, 0.48]	0.009
Vomit at least once
No^a
Yes	0.56 [0.30, 1.04]	0.065	0.59 [0.32, 1.11]	0.101	1.08 [0.23, 5.09]	0.925	1.06 [0.25, 4.42]	0.938

^aReference category

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