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Table 10 Demographic data and comorbidities according to use of  macrolides

From: Inadequate use of antibiotics in the covid-19 era: effectiveness of antibiotic therapy

 

Total (n = 13,932)

No. (%)

With macrolides n = 8382 (%)

Without macrolides n = 5502 (%)

p value

Median (IQR) age (years)

 

69 (56–80) [18–105]

68 (56–79)

71 (57–82)

< 0.001

Age (years)

 < 40 years

13,884

882 (6.4)

483 (5.8)

399 (7.3)

< 0.001*

 40–50 years

1359 (9.8)

843 (10.1)

516 (9.4)

 50–60 years

2199 (15.8)

1418 (16.9)

781 (14.2)

 60–70 years

2708 (19.5)

1756 (21.0)

952 (17.3)

 70–80 years

3318 (23.9)

2024 (24.15)

1294 (23.5)

 > 80 years

3418 (24.6)

1858 (22.2)

1560 (28.4)

Sex

 Women

13,869

5953 (42.9)

3464 (41.4)

2489 (45.3)

< 0.001

 Men

7916 (57.1)

4912 (58.6)

3004 (54.7)

Hypertension

13,862

7010 (50.6)

4223 (50.5)

2787 (50.8)

0.74

Diabetes Mellitus

13,838

2645 (19.1)

1550 (18.5)

1095 (20.0)

0.033

Dyslipidemia

13,856

5479 (39.5)

3326 (39.8)

2153 (39.2)

0.53

Obesity (BMI > 30)

6287

2128 (33.9)

1387 (35.4)

741 (31.3)

0.001

Smoking status

 Never

13,214

9212 (69.7)

5522 (68.9)

3690 (71.0)

0.021

 Former

3299 (25.0)

2083 (26.0)

1216 (23.4)

 Current

703 (5.3)

413 (5.2)

290 (5.6)

Alcohol use disorder

13,412

624 (4.7)

380 (4.7)

244 (4.6)

0.82

Atrial fibrillation

13,851

1552 (11.2)

837 (10.0)

715 (13.0)

< 0.001

Myocardial infarction

13,849

1103 (8.0)

625 (7.5)

478 (8.7)

0.009

Congestive heart failure

13,855

988 (7.1)

518 (6.2)

470 (8.6)

< 0.001

Chronic pulmonary disease

13,856

948 (6.8)

519 (6.2)

429 (7.8)

< 0.001

Chronic bronchitis

13,855

703 (5.1)

424 (5.1)

279 (5.1)

0.96

Asthma

13,853

1010 (7.3)

623 (7.5)

387 (7.1)

0.38

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

13,791

846 (6.1)

549 (6.6)

297 (5.4)

0.006

Peripheral vascular disease

13,848

652 (4.7)

383 (4.6)

269 (4.9)

0.39

Dementia

13,852

1392 (10.1)

691 (8.3)

701 (12.8)

< 0.001

Cerebrovascular disease

13,837

994 (7.2)

553 (6.6)

441 (8.0)

0.002

Hemiplegia

13,863

228 (1.6)

119 (1.4)

109 (2.0)

0.011

Neurodegenerative disease

13,860

1268 (9.2)

610 (7.3)

658 (12.0)

< 0.001

Chronic kidney disease

13,851

828 (6.0)

493 (5.9)

335 (6.1)

0.62

Dialysis

13,826

140 (1.0)

78 (0.9)

62 (1.1)

0.011

Chronic liver disease

13,821

511 (3.7)

298 (3.6)

213 (3.9)

0.33

Cancer

13,842

1128 (8.2)

602 (7.2)

526 (9.6)

< 0.001

Solid metastatic tumor

13,852

284 (2.1)

147 (1.8)

137 (2.5)

0.003

Leukemia

13,864

169 (1.2)

107 (1.3)

62 (1.1)

0.43

Lymphoma

13,854

198 (1.4)

94 (1.1)

104 (1.9)

< 0.001

Peptic ulcer

13,848

353 (2.6)

208 (2.5)

145 (2.6)

0.58

Rare disease

13,821

280 (2.0)

133 (1.6)

147 (2.7)

< 0.001

Rheumatic disease

13,844

321 (2.3)

184 (2.2)

137 (2.5)

0.26

Organ transplantation

13,708

170 (1.2)

97 (1.2)

73 (1.4)

0.37

HIV infection

13,825

97 (0.7)

55 (0.7)

42 (0.8)

0.46

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

13,828

40 (0.3)

26 (0.3)

14 (0.3)

0.55

Degree of dependence

 Independent or mild

13,680

11,415 (83.4)

7093 (85.8)

4322 (79.9)

< 0.001

 Moderate

1283 (9.4)

703 (8.5)

580 (10.7)

 Severe

982 (7.2)

473 (5.7)

509 (9.4)

Charlson Comorbidity Index, median (IQR)

13,511

1 (0–2)

1 (0–2)

1 (0–2)

< 0.001

Age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index, median (IQR)

3 (2–5)

3 (1–5)

4 (2–6)

< 0.001

  1. *Mann–Whitney U test