Table 2 Factors associated with syphilis co-infection among PLWH

Gender

 Female

0.75 (0.49, 1.15)

Age (Years)

 18–29

Reference

Reference

 30–39

1.83 (0.90, 3.73)

1.74 (0.85, 3.57)

 40–49

1.95 (0.95, 4.02)

2.06 (0.98, 4.33)

 50+ 

1.09 (0.46, 2.59)

1.19 (0.49, 2.93)

Education level

 None/some primary

3.27 (1.62, 6.60)

3.29 (1.60, 6.74)

 Primary/some secondary

2.73 (1.35, 5.51)

2.63 (1.29, 5.37)

 Secondary and above

Reference

Reference

Cognitive impairment^a

 Yes

0.80 (0.29, 2.20)

0.70 (0.25, 1.96)

Alcohol consumption

 Yes

2.05 (1.30, 3.25)

1.87 (1.16, 3.03)

Support group involvement

 No

2.38 (0.96, 5.91)

1.89 (0.75, 4.79)

History of circumcision

 Not circumcised

1.90 (0.11, 3.25)

1.44 (0.82, 2.51)

 Circumcised

Reference

Reference

Viral suppression

 On ART, VL < 200 copies/mL

0.50 (0.32, 0.80)

0.65 (0.39, 1.08)

 On ART, VL > 200 copies/mL

0.66 (0.34, 1.24)

0.73 (0.38, 1.40)

 Not on ART

Reference

Reference

CD4 count^b

 Less than 200

0.81 (0.49, 1.36)

0.89 (0.52, 2.51)

 200–499

0.46 (0.25, 0.86)

0.53 (0.28, 1.02)

 Greater than/equal to 500

Reference

Reference