All (n = 2818) | No syphilis (n = 2731) | Syphilis (n = 87) | P value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | 0.19 | |||
Male | 1169 (41.5%) | 1127 (41.3%) | 42 (48.3%) | |
Female | 1649 (58.5%) | 1604 (58.7%) | 45 (51.7%) | |
Study site | < 0.001 | |||
Kayunga, Uganda | 515 (18.3%) | 496 (18.2%) | 19 (21.8%) | |
South Rift Valley, Kenya | 1007 (35.7%) | 977 (35.8%) | 30 (34.5%) | |
Kisumu West, Kenya | 499 (17.7%) | 499 (18.3%) | 0 | |
Mbeya, Tanzania | 495 (17.6%) | 457 (16.7%) | 38 (43.7%) | |
Abuja & Lagos Nigeria | 302 (10.7%) | 302 (11.1%) | 0 | |
Age at visit | 0.13 | |||
18–29 | 506 (18.0%) | 496 (18.2%) | 10 (11.5%) | |
30–39 | 982 (34.8%) | 947 (34.7%) | 35 (40.2%) | |
40–49 | 819 (29.1%) | 788 (28.9%) | 31 (35.6%) | |
50+ | 511 (18.1%) | 500 (18.3%) | 11 (12.6%) | |
Age at visita | 38.3 (31.2, 46.0) | 38.3 (31.2, 46.0) | 38.4 (31.7, 45) | 0.92 |
CD4 count (cells/uL)a | 390 (238, 573) | 393 (239, 575) | 323 (182, 456) | 0.006 |
CD4 count (cells/uL) | 0.037 | |||
Less than 200 | 549 (19.5%) | 526 (19.3%) | 23 (26.4%) | |
200–499 | 1313 (46.6%) | 1268 (46.4%) | 45 (51.7%) | |
Greater than/equal to 500 | 956 (33.9%) | 937 (34.3%) | 19 (21.8%) | |
Viral load (copies/mL) | ||||
Less than 50 | 1361 (48.3%) | 1327 (48.6%) | 34 (39.1%) | < 0.001 |
Greater than 50 | 588 (20.9%) | 574 (21%) | 14 (16.1%) | |
Not on ART | 869 (30.8%) | 830 (30.4%) | 39 (44.8%) | |
Education category | 0.002 | |||
None/some primary | 947 (33.6%) | 908 (33.2%) | 39 (44.8%) | |
Primary/some secondary | 1099 (39.0%) | 1061 (38.9%) | 38 (43.7%) | |
Secondary and above | 772 (27.4%) | 762 (27.9%) | 10 (11.5%) | |
Cognitive impairmentb | 0.66 | |||
No | 2658 (94.3%) | 2575 (94.3%) | 83 (95.4%) | |
Yes | 160 (5.7%) | 156 (5.7%) | 4 (4.6%) | |
Consume alcohol | 0.002 | |||
No | 2277 (80.8%) | 2218 (81.2%) | 59 (67.8%) | |
Yes | 541 (19.2%) | 513 (18.8%) | 28 (32.2%) | |
Support group | 0.054 | |||
No | 2467 (87.5%) | 2385 (87.3%) | 82 (94.3%) | |
Yes | 351 (12.5%) | 346 (12.7%) | 5 (5.7%) | |
History of circumcision | 0.051 | |||
Not circumcised | 396 (14.1%) | 376 (13.8%) | 20 (23.0%) | |
Circumcised | 773 (27.4%) | 751 (27.5%) | 22 (25.3%) |