From: The aetiology of pharyngotonsillitis in primary health care: a prospective observational study
Mutually exclusive groups | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clinical signs and symptoms | Total n = 220 | Only viruses n = 52 | Only bacteria n = 85 | Viruses + bacteria n = 18 | No pathogen n = 65 | GAS n = 66 | Any bacteria n = 103 |
Age (years), median (IQR) | 33 (23–39) | 28 (21–38) | 34 (24–40) | 35 (26–38) | 32 (23–40) | 36 (33–40) | 34 (26–39) |
Female | 141/220 (64) | 34 (65)a | 58 (68)a | 8 (44) | 41 (63)a | 43 (65) | 66 (64) |
Smoker | 30/215 (14) | 7 (13)a | 11 (13)a | 2 (11) | 10 (15)a | 5 (8) | 13 (13) |
Days with symptoms, median (IQR) | 4 (3–7) | 4 (3–7) | 3 (3–5) | 3 (3–4) | 6 (3–10) | 3 (3–4) | 3 (3–5) |
Longstanding sore throat before inclusion | 69/215 (32) | 15 (29)a | 22 (26)a | 4 (22) | 28 (43)a | 16 (24) | 26 (25) |
Frequent sore throats | 72/216 (33) | 24 (46)a,† | 24 (28)a | 6 (33) | 18 (28)a | 18 (27) | 30 (29) |
Tonsillectomised | 29/219 (13) | 8 (15)a | 11 (13)a | 2 (11) | 8 (12)a | 11 (17) | 13 (13) |
Antibiotics last month | 17/216 (8) | 6 (12)a | 7 (8)a | 0 (0) | 4 (6)a | 3 (5) | 7 (7) |
Coryza | 89/220 (40) | 35 (67)††† | 20 (24) | 7 (39) | 27 (42) | 12 (18) | 27 (26) |
Cough | 88/220 (40) | 35 (67)††† | 18 (21) | 9 (50) | 26 (40) | 12 (18) | 27 (26) |
Temperature ≥ 38.5 °C | 128/215 (60) | 32 (62)a | 56 (66)a | 13 (72) | 27 (42)a | 48 (73) | 69 (67) |
Lymphadenitis | 130/215 (60) | 32 (62)a | 56 (66)a | 10 (56) | 32 (49)a | 44 (67) | 66 (64) |
Tonsillar coating | 84/207 (41) | 15 (29)a,†† | 45 (53)a | 7 (39) | 17 (26)a | 36 (55) | 52 (50) |
Palatal petechiae | 25/207 (12) | 9 (17) | 10 (12) | 3 (17) | 3 (5) | 8 (12) | 13 (13) |
Duration ≤ 3 days | 96/213 (45) | 21 (40) | 43 (51) | 10 (56) | 22 (34) | 36 (55) | 53 (51) |
Centor 0 | 16/220 (7)a | 5 (10)a | 3 (4)a | 1 (6) | 7 (11)a | 2 (3) | 4 (4) |
Centor 1 | 50/220 (23)a | 14 (27)a | 8 (9)a | 4 (22) | 24 (37)a | 6 (9) | 12 (12) |
Centor 2 | 69/220 (31)a | 20 (38)a | 26 (31)a | 5 (28) | 18 (28)a | 16 (24) | 31 (30) |
Centor 3 | 54/220 (25)a | 10 (19)a | 28 (33)a | 7 (39) | 9 (14)a | 24 (36) | 35 (34) |
Centor 4 | 31/220 (14)a | 3 (6)a | 20 (24)a | 1 (6) | 7 (11)a | 18 (27) | 21 (20) |
Centor 3–4 | 85/220 (39) | 13 (25)††† | 48 (56) | 8 (44) | 16 (25) | 42 (64) | 56 (54) |