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Table 1 Comparing the cause and associated-factors of PLA over time

From: Epidemiology and risk factors for pyogenic liver abscess in the Calgary Health Zone revisited: a population-based study

Etiology

Prevalence between 1999 and 2003

Prevalence between 2015 and 2017

p-value

Cryptogenic

56% (40/71)

29% (40/136)

< 0.001

Biliary

24% (17/71)

34% (46/136)

0.09

    Choledocholithiasis

7% (5/71)

7% (10/136)

0.59

    Cholecystitis

7% (5/71)

15% (20/136)

0.08

    Ascending cholangitis

6% (4/71)

11% (15/136)

0.15

    Common bile duct stricture

4% (3/71)

4% (5/136)

0.56

    Pylephlebitis

1% (1/71)

10% (14/136)

0.01

    Cholangiocarcinoma

1% (1/71)

4% (6/136)

0.24

    Bile leak post-cholecystectomy

1% (1/71)

1% (2/136)

0.73

    Choledochojejunostomy

1% (1/71)

0% (0/136)

0.34

Nonbiliary

20% (14/71)

36% (49/136)

0.01

    Neutropenia

4% (3/71)

1% (1/136)

0.12

    Perforation

3% (2/71)

4% (5/136)

0.55

    Pneumonia/empyema

3% (2/71)

0% (0/136)

0.12

    Diverticulitis

1% (1/71)

12% (16/136)

0.006

    Perinephric abscess

1% (1/71)

0% (0/136)

0.34

    Endocarditis

1% (1/71)

0% (0/136)

0.34

    Dental abscess

1% (1/71)

1% (1/136)

0.57

    Appendicitis

1% (1/71)

1% (2/136)

0.73

    Traumatic liver injury

1% (1/71)

1% (1/136)

0.57

    Gastroenteritis/colitis

0% (0/71)

5% (7/136)

0.05

    Post-surgical complication

0% (0/71)

3% (4/136)

0.18

    Superinfected liver metastasis

0% (0/71)

2% (3/136)

0.28

    Pancreatitis

0% (0/71)

1% (2/136)

0.43

    Othera

0% (0/71)

1% (2/136)

0.43

  1. aOcclusion of colonic sinus tract, pharyngitis