Table 1 Demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics of 81 patients with dengue virus infection at admission

Sex

0.418^a

 Female (n, %)

44 (54.32%)

23 (58.97%)

21 (50.00%)

 Male (n, %)

37 (45.68%)

16 (41.03%)

21 (50.00%)

Age (years), mean ± SD

32.95 ± 13.56

33.79 ± 14.46

32.17 ± 12.8

0.592^b

Body mass index (BMI), (kg/m²), mean ± SD

22.77 ± 4.93

21.99 ± 4.71

23.5 ± 5.07

0.170^b

Nutritional status per classification for Asian

0.721^a

 Underweight (n, %)

14 (17.3)

8 (20.5)

6 (14.3)

 Normal weight (n, %)

35 (43.2)

18 (46.2)

17 (40.5)

 Overweight (n, %)

17 (21.0)

7 (17.9)

10 (23.8)

 Obesity (n, %)

15 (18.5)

6 (15.4)

9 (21.4)

Underlying diseases (n, %)

12 (14.8%)

5 (12.8%)

7 (16.7%)

0.758^c

Diabetes mellitus (n, %)

2 (2.5%)

2 (5.1%)

0 (0%)

0.229^c

Hypertension (n, %)

3 (3.7%)

3 (7.7%)

0 (0%)

0.229^c

Dyslipidaemia (n, %)

3 (3.7%)

2 (5.1%)

1 (2.4%)

0.606^c

Mucosal bleeding (n, %)

35 (43.21%)

12 (30.8%)

23 (54.76%)

0.029^a

Fever duration (days), mean ± SD

3.83 ± 1.17

3.95 ± 1.05

3.71 ± 1.27

0.371^b

Diagnostic test for dengue infection

 NS1 antigen positive (n, %)

70 (95.9%)

32 (97.0%)

38 (95.0%)

0.999^c

 NS1 antigen negative (n, %)

3 (4.1%)

1 (3.0%)

2 (5.0%)

 IgM antibody positive (n, %)

23 (35.4%)

11 (33.3%)

12 (37.5%)

0.798^c

 IgM antibody negative (n, %)

42 (64.6%)

22 (66.7%)

20 (62.5%)

 IgG antibody positive (n, %)

37 (56.1%)

18 (54.5%)

19 (57.6%)

0.999^c

 IgG antibody negative (n, %)

29 (43.9%)

15 (45.5%)

14 (42.4%)

General laboratory investigation

 WBC, median (IQR), × 10³/μL

4.5(3.5,5.7)

4.5(3.2,5.8)

4.7(3.6,5.6)

0.833^d

 Haemoglobin median (IQR), g/dL

13.4 (12.5, 14.9)

13.3 (12.5, 14.7)

13.9 (12.4, 14.9)

0.620^d

 Haematocrit, median (IQR), %

40.2 (37.0, 43.1)

39.5 (37.1, 42.9)

41.1 (36.3, 43.5)

0.702^d

 Platelet counts, median (IQR), × 10³/μL

53.0(30.0,81.5)

59.0(33.0,90.0)

40.5(25.8,73.3)

0.040^d

 Creatinine, median (IQR), mg/dl

0.73 (0.61, 0.84)

0.75 (0.61, 0.89)

0.73 (0.60, 0.82)

0.280^d

 Maximum AST, median (IQR), IU/L

112.5 (47.7,282.0)

107.5(46.3, 190.5)

132.0(56.5, 407.0)

0.236^d

 Maximum ALT, median (IQR), IU/L

83.5 (29.8, 201.3)

78 (31, 129)

88.5 (29.3, 290.3)

0.341^d

Cardiac involvement characteristic and investigation

 Left ventricular systolic functions, mean ± SD, %

69.04 ± 7.32

68.9 ± 5.77

69.17 ± 8.58

0.868^c

Left ventricular diastolic functions

 MV-E, mean ± SD, cm/s

0.86 ± 0.2

0.88 ± 0.2

0.84 ± 0.21

0.344^c

 MV-A, mean ± SD, cm/s

0.63 ± 0.17

0.64 ± 0.18

0.61 ± 0.17

0.481^c

 MV-E/A, mean ± SD

1.49 ± 0.54

1.5 ± 0.54

1.48 ± 0.54

0.867^c

Troponin-T elevation (n, %)

3 (3.7%)

0 (0%)

3 (7.10%)

0.242^a

CK-MB elevation (n, %)

5 (6.2%)

0 (0%)

5 (11.9%)

0.056^d

Cardiac involvement (n, %)

18 (22.2%)

1 (2.6%)

17 (40.5%)

 < 0.001^c

Pericardial effusion (n, %)

6 (33.3%)

0 (0%)

6 (35.3%)

Transient systolic dysfunction (n, %)

3 (16.7%)

1 (100%)

2 (11.8%)

Transient diastolic dysfunction (n, %)

3 (16.7%)

0 (0%)

3 (17.6%)

Elevated biomarker (n, %)

4 (22.2%)

0 (0%)

4 (23.5%)

Elevated biomarker with myocarditis (n, %)

2 (11.1%)

0 (0%)

2 (11.8%)