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Table 2 Study Characteristics of the Economic Evaluation

From: Tuberculosis screening costs and cost-effectiveness in high-risk groups: a systematic review

Study, year

Type of economic evaluation

Empirical study or modelling

Time horizon

Source of costing

Primary outcome

Sensitivity analysis

Key scenarios

WTP threshold

Abimbola et al. 2012

Decision analytic model

Modelling

6 months after ART initiation

South Africa specific published literature

ICER ($/TB death averted)

One-way and probabilistic

Mortality rates, cost inputs

Per-capita South African 2012 GDP ($5,678 USD)

Adelman et al. 2017

Decision analytic model

Modelling

10 years

Parent study results, AHRI HIV clinic, published literature

ICER ($/DALY averted)

One-way

Varied model inputs based on ranges in the literature

Per-capita Ethiopian 2014 GDP ($505 USD)

Andrews et al. 2012

Decision analytic model

Modelling

Lifetime

Cape Town AIDS Cohort, unit costs from hospitals, published literature from South Africa

ICER ($/YLS)

One-way and two-way

Varied key parameters and costs

Per-capita South African 2010 GDP ($7,100 USD)

Bassett et al. 2010

Cost analysis

Empirical

N/A

HIV clinic data (McCord hospital)

Cost ($/TB case identified)

N/A

Subset of patients with cough at study entry

N/A

Bogdanova et al. 2019

Cost analysis

Empirical

N/A

Finance department, medical insurance fund

Cost ($/TB case detected)

N/A

N/A

N/A

James et al. 2017

Cost analysis

Empirical

N/A

CENAT, National TB and Leprosy program, TB REACH

Cost ($/TB case detected)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Ji et al. 2020

Cost-effectiveness analysis; cost-utility and cost benefit analyses

Modelling

3 years

National Essential Public Health Program (NEPHS)

ICER ($/DALY gained)

One-way

Varied key parameters, and ROC curve

3 times per capita 2016 GDP ($ CNY not stated)

Jit et al. 2011

Decision analytic model

Modelling

N/A

Find and Treat program records, NICE guidelines

ICER ($/QALY gained)

One-way

Varied all key parameters

20–30,000 GBP per QALY

Jo et al. 2020

Cost analysis

Empirical

2 years

TB REACH budgets and financial reports, program data

Cost ($/TB case identified)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Karki et al. 2017

Cost analysis

Empirical

N/A

Program expenditures and budget

Cost ($/TB case detected)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Kranzer et al. 2012

Cost analysis

Empirical

20 months

Study data and published literature

Cost ($/TB case detected)

One-way

Varied staff salaries and discount rates

N/A

Machekera et al. 2019

Cost analysis

Empirical

N/A

ZimACF project data

Cost ($/case diagnosed)

One-way

Varied all unit costs

N/A

Maheswaran et al. 2012

Cost-effectiveness analysis

Modelling

2 years

Published data

ICER ($/QALY)

Probabilistic

VOI used as alternative to univariate SA

Per capita 2010 SSA GNI ($2167 USD)

Murray et al. 2016

Decision analytic model

Modelling

Lifetime

Published literature

ICER ($/life year gained)

One-way, multi-way, and probabilistic

 

Per capita 2014 Ugandan GNI ($680 USD)

Orlando et al. 2018

Cost-effectiveness analysis

Modelling

1 year

DREAM program, Global Fund data, published literature

ICER ($/DALY averted)

One-way

Varied all key parameters

Per capita 2016 Mozambique GDP ($382 USD)

Reddy et al. 2019

Cost-effectiveness analysis

Modelling

2 and 5 years, lifetime

STAMP trial, published literature

ICER ($/Year of life saved (YLS))

One-way, multi-way

Varied all key parameters

Malawi ($750 USD); South Africa ($940 USD)

Sekandi et al. 2015

Cost-effectiveness analysis

Modelling

1.5 years

Uganda NTP, program data and published literature

ICER ($/additional TB case detected)

One-way

Varied costs and probabilities

Twice per capita 2013 Ugandan GDP ($1102 USD)

Shah et al. 2017

Cost-effectiveness analysis

Modelling

N/A

Peru NTP data, published literature

ICER ($/DALY averted)

One-way

Varied all model parameters

Per capita 2014 Peruvian GNI ($6300 USD)

Shah et al. 2009

Cost analysis

Empirical

N/A

Program data

Cost ($/TB case diagnosed)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Shah et al. 2008

Cost analysis

Empirical

N/A

Provincial TB and HIV/AIDS program data

Cost ($/TB case diagnosed)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Smit et al. 2017

Cost-effectiveness analysis

Empirical

1 year

Flemish Association for Respiratory Health and TB Control

ICER (Euros/TB case detected)

One-way

Varied costs and number of cases detected

N/A

Sohn et al. 2019

Cost analysis

Empirical

1 year

Asha Kalp program finance and operations data

Cost ($/TB case detected)

One-way

Top-down and bottom-up cost estimates provided

N/A

Winestsky et al. 2012

Decision analytic model

Modelling

10 years

Primary data in prisons, published literature from Russia, Tajikistan and Latvia

ICER ($/QALY gained)

One-way, selected two-way, situational analyses

Varied all key parameters, and plausible situational analyses

Varied WTP thresholds

Yoon et al. 2019

Cost analysis

Empirical

N/A

Program data

Cost ($/TB case diagnosed)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Zhang et al. 2016

Cost analysis

Empirical

N/A

Program data

Cost ($/TB case diagnosed)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Zishiri et al. 2014

Cost analysis

Empirical

N/A

Department of Correctional Services finance data, published literature

Cost ($/TB case identified)

One-way

Changed base-case parameters

N/A

Zwerling et al. 2015

Decision analytic model

Modelling

Lifetime (assumed 59.2 years)

Cost and operational analysis of four study sites, published literature

ICER ($/DALY averted)

One-way, two-way and probabilistic uncertainty analysis

Varied all key parameters

Per capita 2010 average SSA GDP ($1417 USD)

  1. 4SS four symptom screen, ACF active case finding, ART antiretroviral therapy, CE cost effective, CRP C reactive protein, CXR chest x-ray, DALY disability adjusted life year, GDP gross domestic product, GNI gross national income, HCW healthcare workers, HIV human immunodeficiency virus, ICER incremental cost-effectiveness ratio, ICF intensified case finding, PCF passive case finding, PLHIV people living with HIV, TB tuberculosis, USD United States dollars, WTP willingness to pay threshold, Xpert GeneXpert MTB/RIF, YLS year of life saved